Muscular hypotonia, and Lymphedema

Lissencephaly syndrome, Norman-Roberts type is characterised by the association of lissencephaly type I with craniofacial anomalies (severe microcephaly, a low sloping forehead, a broad and prominent nasal bridge and widely set eyes) and postnatal growth retardation.

LISSENCEPHALY SYNDROME, NORMAN-ROBERTS TYPE Is also known as norman-roberts syndrome|lissencephaly syndrome, norman-roberts type|microlissencephaly type a

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

MPI-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation, characterized by cyclic vomiting, profound hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, liver fibrosis, gastrointestinal complications (protein-losing enteropathy with hypoalbuminaemia, life-threatening intestinal bleeding of diffuse origin), and thrombotic events (protein C and S deficiency, low anti-thrombine III levels), whereas neurological development and cognitive capacity is usually normal. The clinical course is variable even within families. The disease is caused by loss of function of the gene MPI (15q24.1).

MPI-CDG Is also known as cdg-ib|cdg, gastrointestinal type|congenital disorder of glycosylation type ib|carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome type ib|saguenay-lac saint-jean syndrome|mpi deficiency|slsj syndrome|phosphomannose isomerase deficiency|cdg ib|cdgib|protein-losi

• Intellectual disability
• Generalized hypotonia
• Failure to thrive
• Muscular hypotonia
• Anemia

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) deficiency type 1 is a very rare and severe type of NAGA deficiency (see this term) characterized by infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy.

ALPHA-N-ACETYLGALACTOSAMINIDASE DEFICIENCY TYPE 1 Is also known as schindler disease type 1|naga deficiency type 1

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Nystagmus
• Strabismus

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII) is a very rare lysosomal storage disease belonging to the group of mucopolysaccharidoses.

MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE 7 Is also known as mpsvii|beta-glucuronidase deficiency|sly disease|mucopolysaccharidosis type vii|mps7

• Intellectual disability
• Scoliosis
• Muscular hypotonia
• Short neck
• Splenomegaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive chorioretinopathy-microcephaly syndrome is a rare neuro-opthalmological disease characterized by severe microcephaly of prenatal onset (with diminutive anterior fontanelle and sutural ridging), growth retardation, global developmental delay and intellectual disability (ranging from mild to profound), dysmorphic features (sloping forehead, micro/retrognathia, prominent ears) and visual impairments (including microphthalmia to anophtalmia, generalized retinopathy or multiple punched-out retinal lesions, retinal folds with retinal detachment, optic nerve hypoplasia, strabismus, nystagmus). Brain MRI may show reduced cortical size, cerebral hemispheres, corpus callosum, pachygyria, symplified gyral folding or normal pattern. Other associated features include epilepsy and neurological deficits.

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE CHORIORETINOPATHY-MICROCEPHALY SYNDROME Is also known as autosomal recessive chorioretinopathy-microcephaly-intellectual disability syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Infantile systemic hyalinosis (ISH) is a very rare disorder belonging to the heterogeneous group of genetic fibromatoses and is characterized by progressive joint contractures, skin abnormalities, severe chronic pain and widespread deposition of hyaline material in many tissues such as the skin, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, gastrointestinal tract, lymph nodes, spleen, thyroid, and adrenal glands.

• Growth delay
• Failure to thrive
• Muscular hypotonia
• Feeding difficulties
• Brachydactyly

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

ALG8-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation that is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, vomiting, feeding problems with failure to thrive, protein-losing enteropathy), edema and ascites (including hydrops fetalis; see this term), hepatomegaly, renal tubulopathy, coagulation anomalies due to thrombocytopenia, brain involvement (psychomotor delay, seizures, ataxia), facial dysmorphism (low-set ears and retrognathia), pes equinovarus, and muscular hypotonia. Cataracts may also be observed. Prognosis is usually poor. The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene ALG8 (11q14.1), resulting in a block in the initial step of protein glycosylation.

ALG8-CDG Is also known as cdg-ih|congenital disorder of glycosylation type 1h|cdgih|carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome type ih|cdg1h|cdg syndrome type ih|cdg ih|glucosyltransferase 2 deficiency|congenital disorder of glycosylation type ih

• Generalized hypotonia
• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism
• Failure to thrive
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Microcephaly with or without chorioretinopathy, lymphedema or intellectual disability (MCLID) is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by variable expression of microcephaly, ocular disorders including chorioretinopathy, congenital lymphedema of the lower limbs, and mild to moderate intellectual disability.

MICROCEPHALY-LYMPHEDEMA-CHORIORETINOPATHY SYNDROME Is also known as mlcrd

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Muscular hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) deficiency is a very rare lysosomal storage disorder. It is clinically heterogeneous with 3 main phenotypes: type I is an infantile-onset neuroaxonal dystrophy; type II, also known as Kanzaki disease (OMIM ), is an adult-onset disorder characterized by angiokeratoma corporis diffusum and mild intellectual impairment; and type III is an intermediate disorder with mild to moderate neurologic manifestations (Desnick and Schindler, 2001).

SCHINDLER DISEASE, TYPE I Is also known as neuroaxonal dystrophy, schindler type|naga deficiency, type i|alpha-n-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency, type i

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS), a skeletal muscle disorder most often inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, is one of the main causes of death due to anesthesia. In susceptible people, a malignant hyperthermia episode is triggered by exposure to commonly used volatile anesthetic agents such as halothane or depolarizing muscle relaxants such as succinyl choline. A fulminant MH crisis is characterized by any combination of hyperthermia, skeletal muscle rigidity, tachycardia or arrhythmia, respiratory and metabolic acidosis, and rhabdomyolysis. Except for this susceptibility to triggering agents, MHS patients are not clinically distinguishable from the general population (summary by Monnier et al., 1997). Genetic Heterogeneity of Susceptibility to Malignant HyperthermiaOther MHS loci include MHS2 (OMIM ) on chromosome 17q; MHS3 (OMIM ) on chromosome 7q; MHS4 (OMIM ) on chromosome 3q; MHS5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CACNA1S gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 1q32; and MHS6 (OMIM ) on chromosome 5p.

MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1; MHS1 Is also known as mhs|hyperthermia of anesthesia|mh|hyperpyrexia, malignant

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN