Muscular hypotonia, and Lumbar hyperlordosis

Medium match CONGENITAL MYASTHENIC SYNDROMES WITH GLYCOSYLATION DEFECT

• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Ptosis
• Flexion contracture
• High palate

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match MYASTHENIC SYNDROME, CONGENITAL, 14; CMS14

Congenital myasthenic syndrome-14 is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder characterized by onset of limb-girdle muscle weakness in early childhood. The disorder is slowly progressive, and some patients may become wheelchair-bound. There is no respiratory or cardiac involvement. Treatment with anticholinesterase medication may be beneficial (summary by Cossins et al., 2013).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CMS, see CMS1A (OMIM ).

MYASTHENIC SYNDROME, CONGENITAL, 14; CMS14 Is also known as cmsta3|myasthenic syndrome, congenital, with tubular aggregates 3

• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Muscle weakness
• Ptosis
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match CAP MYOPATHY

Cap myopathy is a very rare congenital myopathy presenting a weakness of facial and respiratory muscles associated with craniofacial and thoracic deformities, as well as weakness of limb proximal and distal muscles. Onset is at birth or in childhood, weakness progression is slow but may lead to a severe and even fatal prognosis.

CAP MYOPATHY Is also known as cap disease

• Generalized hypotonia
• Muscle weakness
• High palate
• Motor delay
• Myopathy

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT CONGENITAL BENIGN SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY

Autosomal dominant congenital benign spinal muscular atrophy is a rare distal hereditary motor neuropathy, with a variable clinical phenotype, typically characterized by congenital, non-progressive, predominantly distal, lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy and congenital (or early-onset) flexion contractures of the hip, knee and ankle joints. Reduced or absent lower limb deep tendon reflexes, skeletal anomalies (bilateral talipes equinovarus, scoliosis, kyphoscoliosis, lumbar hyperlordisis), late ambulation, waddling gait, joint hyperlaxity and/or bladder and bowel dysfuntion are usually also associated.

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT CONGENITAL BENIGN SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY Is also known as autosomal dominant benign distal spinal muscular atrophy|spinal muscular atrophy, distal, congenital nonprogressive|dhmn8|neuropathy, distal hereditary motor, type viii|spinal muscular atrophy, congenital benign, with contractures|congenital benign spinal

• Scoliosis
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia
• Flexion contracture
• Motor delay

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE LIMB-GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY TYPE 2M

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2M (LGMD2M) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by an infantile onset of hypotonia, axial and proximal lower limb weakness (with severe weakness noted after febrile illnesses), cardiomyopathy and normal or reduced intelligence. Hypertrophy of calves, thighs, and triceps have also been reported in some cases.

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE LIMB-GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY TYPE 2M Is also known as muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal recessive 13|lgmdr13|muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, type 2m|lgmd2m

• Generalized hypotonia
• Growth delay
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Medium match MASA SYNDROME

MASA syndrome (Mental retardation, Aphasia, Spastic paraplegia, Adducted thumbs) is a historical term used to describe a phenotype now considered to be part of the X-linked L1 clinical spectrum (L1 syndrome, see this term). MASA is characterized by mild to moderate intellectual deficit, delayed development of speech, hypotonia progressing to spasticity or spastic paraplegia, adducted thumbs, and mild to moderate distension of the cerebral ventricles.

MASA SYNDROME Is also known as spastic paraplegia 1, x-linked|thumb, congenital clasped, with mental retardation|gareis-mason syndrome|intellectual disability-aphasia-shuffling gait-adducted thumbs syndrome|clasped thumb and mental retardation|spg1|mental retardation, aphasia, shufflin

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE LIMB-GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY TYPE 2K

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2K (LGMD2K) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by the onset of slowly progressive proximal muscle weakness during childhood (with fatigue and difficulty running and climbing stairs) and developmental delay. Mild intellectual deficit and microcephaly, without any obvious structural brain abnormality, are found in all patients. Mild pseudohypertrophy and joint contractures of the ankles have also been reported.

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE LIMB-GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY TYPE 2K Is also known as muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, type 2k|muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, autosomal recessive 11|lgmd2k|limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-intellectual disability syndrome|lgmdr11

• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis
• Muscle weakness
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match DEVELOPMENTAL AND SPEECH DELAY DUE TO SOX5 DEFICIENCY

Developmental and speech delay due to SOX5 deficiency is a rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by mild to severe global developmental delay, intellectual disability and behavioral abnormalities, hypotonia, strabismus, optic nerve hypoplasia and mild facial dysmorphic features (down slanting palpebral fissures, frontal bossing, crowded teeth, auricular abnormalities and prominent philtral ridges). Other associated clinical features may include seizures and skeletal anomalies (kyphosis/scoliosis, pectus deformities).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Scoliosis
• Strabismus
• Muscular hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY 1, X-LINKED; EDMD1

Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is a degenerative myopathy characterized by weakness and atrophy of muscle without involvement of the nervous system. Flexion deformities of the elbows dating from early childhood, mild pectus excavatum, signs of cardiac involvement and absence of muscle pseudohypertrophy, involvement of the forearm muscles, and mental retardation distinguish the Emery-Dreifuss form (EDMD1) from the Becker form (OMIM ). Genetic Heterogeneity of Emery-Dreifuss Muscular DystrophyAutosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy-2 (EDMD2 ), is caused by mutation in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA ); autosomal recessive EDMD3 (OMIM ) is also caused by mutation in the LMNA gene. Additional autosomal dominant forms include EDMD4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the SYNE1 gene (OMIM ), EDMD5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the SYNE2 gene (OMIM ), and EDMD7 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM43 gene (OMIM ). A second X-linked form (EDMD6; see {300696}) is caused by mutation in the FHL1 gene (OMIM ).

EMERY-DREIFUSS MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY 1, X-LINKED; EDMD1 Is also known as emd1|scapuloperoneal syndrome, x-linked, formerly|humeroperoneal neuromuscular disease, formerly|muscular dystrophy, tardive, dreifuss-emery type, with contractures

• Intellectual disability
• Scoliosis
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia
• Ptosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match NEMALINE MYOPATHY 1; NEM1

Nemaline myopathy-1 is a disorder characterized by muscle weakness, usually beginning in early childhood. The severity and pattern of muscle weakness varies, but most affected individuals show mildly delayed motor development, hypotonia, generalized muscle weakness, and weakness of the proximal limb muscles and neck muscles, resulting in difficulty running and easy fatigability. Most patients have respiratory insufficiency due to muscle weakness. Other common features include myopathic facies, high-arched palate, and scoliosis. Histologic findings on skeletal muscle biopsy are variable, even in patients with the same mutation. Muscle fibers can contain nemaline rod inclusions, or so-called subsarcolemmal 'cap' structures, as well as show overall fiber-type disproportion. It has been suggested that unknown modifying factors confer a tendency to one or another pattern of inclusions on skeletal muscle biopsy in those with TPM3 mutations (summary by Waddell et al., 2010 and Malfatti et al., 2013).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of nemaline myopathy, see {161800}.

• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN