Muscular hypotonia, and Immunodeficiency

Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome is an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed development, intellectual disability, often with autistic features, speech apraxia, and mild dysmorphic features. Some patients may have seizures. The phenotype is somewhat variable (summary by Pilarowski et al., 2017).

PILAROWSKI-BJORNSSON SYNDROME; PILBOS Is also known as developmental delay and speech apraxia with or without seizures

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Microcephaly, seizures, and developmental delay is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder with onset in infancy. There is a range of phenotypic severity: some patients have a disease course consistent with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE), whereas others have more well-controlled seizures and a protracted course associated with cerebellar atrophy and peripheral neuropathy (Shen et al., 2010 and Poulton et al., 2013).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of EIEE, see EIEE1 (308350).

MICROCEPHALY, SEIZURES, AND DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY; MCSZ Is also known as epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 10|eiee10

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

LICS is an autosomal recessive chromosome breakage syndrome characterized by failure to thrive in infancy, immune deficiency, and fatal progressive pediatric lung disease induced by viral infection. Some patients may have mild dysmorphic features (summary by van der Crabben et al., 2016).

• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hypertelorism
• Failure to thrive
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Glycogen debranching enzyme (GDE) deficiency, or glycogen storage disease type 3 (GSD 3), is a form of glycogen storage disease characterized by severe muscle weakness and hepatopathy.

GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE DUE TO GLYCOGEN DEBRANCHING ENZYME DEFICIENCY Is also known as gde deficiency|gsd due to glycogen debranching enzyme deficiency|cori-forbes disease|glycogenosis type iii|glycogen storage disease type 3|gsd type 3|limit dextrinosis|glycogen storage disease type iii|glycogenosis type 3|glycogenosis due to glycogen debr

• Short stature
• Growth delay
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia
• Depressed nasal bridge

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Epilepsy, hearing loss, and mental retardation syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe neurologic impairment including intellectual disability, intractable epilepsy, microcephaly, abnormal muscle tone, and sensorineural hearing loss. Most affected individuals are nonambulatory, cannot sit unassisted, and have no speech development. More variable features include feeding difficulties, poor growth, cortical visual impairment, spasticity, scoliosis, immunodeficiency, and thrombocytopenia (summary by Tanaka et al., 2015).

MICROCEPHALY-INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS-EPILEPSY-ABNORMAL MUSCLE TONE SYNDROME Is also known as microcephaly-intellectual disability-sensorineural deafness-epilepsy-abnormal muscle tone syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of neutrophil function resulting from a deficiency of the beta-2 integrin subunit of the leukocyte cell adhesion molecule. The leukocyte cell adhesion molecule is present on the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes and granulocytes and mediates cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. LAD is characterized by recurrent bacterial infections; impaired pus formation and wound healing; abnormalities of a wide variety of adhesion-dependent functions of granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes; and a lack of beta-2/alpha-L, beta-2/alpha-M, and beta-2/alpha-X expression.

LEUKOCYTE ADHESION DEFICIENCY, TYPE I; LAD Is also known as lad1|lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 immunodeficiency|lfa1 immunodeficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Intellectual disability, severe
• Immunodeficiency

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Transcobalamin deficiency (TC) is a disorder of cobalamin transport that usually presents during the first few months of life and is characterized by megaloblastic anemia, failure to thrive, vomiting, weakness and pancytopenia.

TRANSCOBALAMIN DEFICIENCY Is also known as transcobalamin ii deficiency|inherited deficiency of transcobalamin|tc ii deficiency|tcn2 deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Failure to thrive
• Muscle weakness

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Combined immunodeficiency (CID) due to STIM1 deficiency is a form of CID due to Calcium release activated Ca2+(CRAC) channel dysfunction (see this term) characterized by recurrent infections, autoimmunity, congenital myopathy and ectodermal dysplasia.

COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY DUE TO STIM1 DEFICIENCY Is also known as cid due to stim1 deficiency|immune dysfunction with t-cell inactivation due to calcium entry defect 2|stim1 deficiency

• Generalized hypotonia
• Muscular hypotonia
• Anemia
• Myopathy
• Diarrhea

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Congenital sideroblastic anemia -B cell immunodeficiency- periodic fever-developmental delay syndrome is a form of constitutional sideroblastic anemia (see this term), characterized by severe microcytic anemia, B-cell lymphopenia , panhypogammaglobulinemia and variable neurodegeneration. The disease presents in infancy with recurrent febrile illnesses, gastrointestinal disturbances, developmental delay, seizures, ataxia and sensorineural deafness. Most patients require regular blood transfusion, iron chelation, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) replacement. Stem cell transplantation has been reported to be successful.

CONGENITAL SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA-B-CELL IMMUNODEFICIENCY-PERIODIC FEVER-DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY SYNDROME Is also known as sifd syndrome

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN