Muscular hypotonia, and Gynecomastia

Kennedy's disease, also known as bulbospinal muscular atrophy (BSMA), is a rare X-linked recessive motor neuron disease characterized by proximal and bulbar muscle wasting.

KENNEDY DISEASE Is also known as x-linked bulbospinal muscular atrophy|x-linked bsma|x-linked bulbospinal amyotrophy|x-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy|smax1|sbma

• Muscular hypotonia
• Dysarthria
• Skeletal muscle atrophy
• Gait disturbance
• Hyporeflexia

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome is a very rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the combination of progressive cerebellar ataxia with onset from early childhood to the fourth decade, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (delayed puberty and lack of secondary sex characteristics). Cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome belongs to a clinical continuum of neurodegenerative disorders along with clinically overlapping disorders such as ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome (see this term).

CEREBELLAR ATAXIA-HYPOGONADISM SYNDROME Is also known as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone deficiency with ataxia|gordon-holmes syndrome

• Short stature
• Ataxia
• Nystagmus
• Muscular hypotonia
• Optic atrophy

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

This syndrome is characterised by childhood-onset progressive ataxia and cerebellar atrophy.

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE ATAXIA DUE TO UBIQUINONE DEFICIENCY Is also known as arca2|autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia type 2|spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 9|scar9|autosomal recessive ataxia due to coenzyme q10 deficiency|autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 9

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Xq27.3q28 duplication syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by short stature, hypogonadism, developmental delay and facial dysmorphism.

XQ27.3Q28 DUPLICATION SYNDROME Is also known as trisomy xq27.3q28|dup(x)(q27.3q28)|xq27.3-q28 microduplication syndrome|trisomy xq27.3-q28

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Congenital nephrotic syndrome-interstitial lung disease-epidermolysis bullosa syndrome is a life-threatening multiorgan disorder which develops in the first months of life, presenting with respiratory distress and proteinuria in the nephrotic range, and leading to severe interstitial lung disease and renal failure. Some patients additionally display cutaneous alterations, ranging from blistering and skin erosions to an epidermolysis bullosa-like phenotype, with toe nail dystrophy and sparse hair.

JUNCTIONAL EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSA WITH RESPIRATORY AND RENAL INVOLVEMENT Is also known as jeb-rr|jeb with respiratory and renal involvement|congenital interstitial lung disease-nephrotic syndrome-epidermolysis bullosa syndrome|congenital nephrotic syndrome-interstitial lung disease-epidermolysis bullosa syndrome|congenital ilneb syndrome|conge

• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Muscular hypotonia
• Fever
• Respiratory distress

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Kennedy disease is an X-linked recessive form of spinal muscular atrophy. It occurs only in men. Age at onset is usually in the third to fifth decade of life, but earlier involvement has been reported. The disorder is characterized by slowly progressive limb and bulbar muscle weakness with fasciculations, muscle atrophy, and gynecomastia (Harding et al., 1982). The disorder is clinically similar to, but genetically distinct from, classic forms of autosomal spinal muscular atrophy (see, e.g., SMA1; {253300}).

SPINAL AND BULBAR MUSCULAR ATROPHY, X-LINKED 1; SMAX1 Is also known as kd|bulbospinal neuronopathy, x-linked recessive|xbsn|spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy|kennedy disease|bulbospinal muscular atrophy, x-linked|sbma|kennedy spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy

• Ataxia
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia
• Pain
• Peripheral neuropathy

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a developmental genetic disorder characterized by the association of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) due to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency, and anosmia or hyposmia (with hypoplasia or aplasia of the olfactory bulbs).

KALLMANN SYNDROME Is also known as congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia|olfacto-genital pathological sequence

• Seizures
• Ataxia
• Nystagmus
• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Muscle weakness

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Riboflavin transporter deficiency (RTD) is a progressive motor neuron disorder characterized by respiratory insufficiency, sensorineural deafness and progressive ponto-bulbar palsy.

RIBOFLAVIN TRANSPORTER DEFICIENCY Is also known as sensorineural hearing loss-pontobulbar palsy syndrome|brown-vialetto-van laere syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Ataxia
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Wilson-Turner syndrome (WTS) is a very rare X-linked multisystem genetic disease characterized by intellectual disability, truncal obesity, gynecomastia, hypogonadism, dysmorphic facial features, and short stature.

WILSON-TURNER SYNDROME Is also known as wts|mental retardation, x-linked, with gynecomastia and obesity|mrxs6|mental retardation, x-linked, syndromic 6|x-linked intellectual disability-gynecomastia-obesity syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

6q terminal deletion syndrome is marked by a characteristic facial dysmorphism, short neck and psychomotor retardation, generally associated with a range of non-specific malformations.

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN