Microphthalmia, and Wide intermamillary distance

Congenital symmetric circumferential skin creases is characterized by the folding of excess skin, which leads to ringed creases, primarily of the limbs. Affected individuals also exhibit intellectual disability, cleft palate, and dysmorphic features (summary by Isrie et al., 2015).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of congenital symmetric circumferential skin creases, see CSCSC1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Fraser syndrome is a rare clinical entity including as main characteristics cryptophthalmos and syndactyly.

FRASER SYNDROME Is also known as cryptophthalmos-syndactyly syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Cryptorchidism
• High palate

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

LINEAR SKIN DEFECTS WITH MULTIPLE CONGENITAL ANOMALIES 2; LSDMCA2 Is also known as aplcc|aplasia cutis congenita, reticulolinear, with microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, and other congenital anomalies

• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Pierpont syndrome is a rare subcutaneous tissue disorder characterized by axial hypotonia after birth, prolonged feeding difficulties, moderate to severe global developmental delay, seizures (in particular absence seizures), fetal digital pads, distinctive plantar fat pads anteromedial to the heels, deep palmar and plantar grooves. Additionally, distinct craniofacial dysmorphic features, notably a broad face with high forehead, high anterior hairline, narrow palpebral fissures that take on a crescent moon shape when smiling, broad nasal bridge and tip with anteverted nostrils, mild midfacial hypoplasia, long, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip vermillion, small, widely spaced teeth and flat occiput/microcephaly/brachycephaly, are also chararteristic. Over time, fat pads may become less prominent and disappear.

PIERPONT SYNDROME Is also known as plantar lipomatosis, unusual facies, and developmental delay|plantar lipomatosis-facial dysmorphism-developmental delay syndrome|plantar lipomatosis-unusual facies-developmental delay syndrome

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Congenital symmetric circumferential skin creases is characterized by the folding of excess skin, which leads to ringed creases, primarily of the limbs. Affected individuals also exhibit intellectual disability, cleft palate, and dysmorphic features (summary by Isrie et al., 2015). Genetic Heterogeneity of Congenital Symmetric Circumferential Skin CreasesCSCSC2 (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the MAPRE2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 18q12.

MULTIPLE BENIGN CIRCUMFERENTIAL SKIN CREASES ON LIMBS Is also known as congenital circumferential skin folds|skin creases, multiple benign ring-shaped, of limbs|kunze-riehm syndrome|ccsf|circumferential skin creases, kunze type|michelin tire baby syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome is an autosomal recessive progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by microcephaly, congenital cataracts, severe mental retardation, facial dysmorphism, and arthrogryposis (summary by Jaakkola et al., 2010). Genetic Heterogeneity of Cerebrooculofacioskeletal SyndromeSee also COFS2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ERCC2 gene (OMIM ); COFS3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ERCC5 gene (OMIM ); and COFS4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ERCC1 gene (OMIM ).

CEREBROOCULOFACIOSKELETAL SYNDROME 1; COFS1 Is also known as cofs syndrome|cofs|pena-shokeir syndrome, type ii

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Bartsocas-Papas syndrome is a rare, inherited, popliteal pterygium syndrome (see this term) characterized by severe popliteal webbing, microcephaly, a typical face with short palpebral fissures, ankyloblepharon, hypoplastic nose, filiform bands between the jaws and facial clefts, oligosyndactyly, genital abnormalities, and additional ectodermal anomalies (i.e. absent hair, eyebrows, lashes, nails). It is often fatal in the neonatal period, but patients living until childhood have been reported.

BARTSOCAS-PAPAS SYNDROME Is also known as pterygium, popliteal, lethal type|autosomal recessive popliteal pterygium syndrome|bps|lethal popliteal pterygium syndrome|multiple pterygium syndrome, aslan type|bartsocas-papas syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Adams-Oliver syndrome-2 is an autosomal recessive multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and terminal transverse limb defects, in association with variable involvement of the brain, eyes, and cardiovascular systems (summary by Shaheen et al., 2011).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Adams-Oliver syndrome, see AOS1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Fraser syndrome is an autosomal recessive malformation disorder characterized by cryptophthalmos, syndactyly, and abnormalities of the respiratory and urogenital tract (summary by van Haelst et al., 2008). Genetic Heterogeneity of Fraser SyndromeFraser syndrome-2 (FRASRS2) is caused by mutation in the FREM2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 13q13, and Fraser syndrome-3 (FRASRS3) is caused by mutation in the GRIP1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 12q14.See Bowen syndrome (OMIM ) for a comparable but probably distinct syndrome of multiple congenital malformations.

FRASER SYNDROME 1; FRASRS1 Is also known as cryptophthalmos with other malformations|fraser syndrome|cryptophthalmos-syndactyly syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Lenz microphthalmia syndrome is a very rare X-linked inherited form of syndromic microphthalmia (see this term) characterized by unilateral or bilateral microphthalmia (and/or clinical anophthalmia) with or without coloboma in addition to a range of extraocular manifestations such as microcephaly, malformed ears, dental abnormalities (i.e. irregular shape of incisors), skeletal anomalies (duplicated thumbs, syndactyly, clinodactyly, camptodactyly (see these terms)), urogenital anomalies (hypospadias, cryptorchidism, renal dysgenesis, hydroureter) and mild to severe intellectual disability. It is allelic to two disorders: oculofaciocardiodental syndrome and premature aging appearance-developmental delay-cardiac arrhythmia syndrome (see these terms).

MICROPHTHALMIA, LENZ TYPE Is also known as lenz microphthalmia syndrome|lenz dysplasia|lenz microphthalmia|maa, formerly

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN