Microcephaly, and Basal cell carcinoma

Xeroderma pigmentosum variant is a milder subtype of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP; see this term), a rare genetic photodermatosis characterized by severe sun sensitivity and an increased risk of skin cancer.

XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM VARIANT Is also known as xeroderma pigmentosum with normal dna repair rates|photosensitivity with defective dna synthesis|xpv

• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Photophobia
• Dry skin
• Hypopigmentation of the skin

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

For a general discussion of xeroderma pigmentosum, see XPA (OMIM ), and of Cockayne syndrome, see CSA (OMIM ).Cleaver (1990) provided a review of the causes of xeroderma pigmentosum.

XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP B; XPB Is also known as xp, group b|xpbc

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Ataxia

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Xeroderma pigmentosum/Cockayne syndrome complex (XP/CS complex) is characterized by the cutaneous features of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) (see this term) together with the systemic and neurological features of Cockayne syndrome (CS; see this term).

XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM-COCKAYNE SYNDROME COMPLEX Is also known as xp/cs complex

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Curry-Jones syndrome is a form of syndromic craniosynostosis characterized by unilateral coronal craniosynostosis or multiple suture synostosis associated with complete or partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, preaxial polysyndactyly and syndactyly of hands and/or feet, along with anomalies of the skin (characteristic pearly white areas that become scarred and atrophic, abnormal hair growth around the eyes and/or cheeks, and on the limbs), eyes (iris colobomas, microphthalmia,) and intestine (congenital short gut, malrotation, dysmotility, chronic constipation, bleeding and myofibromas). Developmental delay and variable degrees of intellectual disability may also be observed. Multiple intra-abdominal smooth muscle hamartomas, trichoblastoma of the skin, occipital meningoceles and development of desmoplastic medulloblastoma have been reported.

CURRY-JONES SYNDROME Is also known as corpus callosum agenesis-polysyndactyly syndrome|craniofacial malformations, asymmetric, with polysyndactyly and abnormal skin and gut development

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which patients have brittle, sulfur-deficient hair that displays a diagnostic alternating light and dark banding pattern, called 'tiger tail banding,' under polarizing microscopy. TTD patients display a wide variety of clinical features, including cutaneous, neurologic, and growth abnormalities. Common additional clinical features are ichthyosis, intellectual/developmental disabilities, decreased fertility, abnormal characteristics at birth, ocular abnormalities, short stature, and infections. There are both photosensitive and nonphotosensitive forms of the disorder. TTD patients have not been reported to have a predisposition to cancer (summary by Faghri et al., 2008). Genetic Heterogeneity of TrichothiodystrophyAlso see TTD2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ERCC3/XPB gene (OMIM ); TTD3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the GTF2H5 gene (OMIM ); TTD4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the MPLKIP gene (OMIM ); TTD5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the RNF113A gene (OMIM ); and TTD6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the GTF2E2 gene (OMIM ).

TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY 1, PHOTOSENSITIVE; TTD1 Is also known as ttdp|ichthyosiform erythroderma with hair abnormality and mental and growth retardation|trichothiodystrophy, photosensitive|trichothiodystrophy with congenital ichthyosis|ichthyosis, congenital, with trichothiodystrophy|pibids syndrome|tay syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

BASAL CELL NEVUS SYNDROME; BCNS Is also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome|gorlin-goltz syndrome|gorlin syndrome|nbccs|multiple basal cell nevi, odontogenic keratocysts, and skeletal anomalies

• Intellectual disability
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Interstitial 9q22.3 microdeletion is associated with a phenotype including macrocephaly, overgrowth and trigonocephaly. Psychomotor delay, hyperactivity and distinctive facial features were also observed. It has been described in two unrelated children.

MONOSOMY 9Q22.3 Is also known as microdeletion 9q22.3

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Strabismus
• Muscular hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome is a rare, inherited cancer-predisposing syndrome characterized by the development of a broad spectrum of malignancies during childhood, including mainly brain, hematological and gastrointestinal cancers, although embryonic and other tumors have also been occasionally reported. Non-neoplastic features, in particular manifestations reminiscent of neurofibromatosis type 1 (e.g., café-au-lait spots, freckling, neurofibromas), as well as premalignant and non-malignant lesions (such as adenomas/polpyps) are frequently present before malignancy development.

CONSTITUTIONAL MISMATCH REPAIR DEFICIENCY SYNDROME Is also known as constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome|mismatch repair deficiency|btps1|cmmr-d syndrome|mmr deficiency|childhood cancer syndrome|btp1 syndrome|cmmrds|turcot syndrome|brain tumor-polyposis syndrome 1

• Neoplasm
• Agenesis of corpus callosum
• Carcinoma
• Leukemia
• Neutropenia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Linear nevus sebaceous syndrome (LNSS) is characterized by the association of a large sebaceous nevus, usually appearing on the face or on the scalp, with a broad spectrum of abnormalities that may affect every organ system, including the central nervous system (brain neoplasms, hemimegalencephaly and lateral ventricle enlargement).

LINEAR NEVUS SEBACEUS SYNDROME Is also known as linear sebaceous nevus syndrome|jnp|sfm syndrome|solomon syndrome|epidermal nevus syndrome, formerly|sebaceous nevus syndrome, linear|nevus sebaceus of jadassohn|jadassohn nevus phakomatosis|nevus sebaceus syndrome|schimmelpenning syndrome|organoid nevus

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Growth delay

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Immunodeficiency due to ficolin3 deficiency is a rare, genetic, immunodeficiency due to a complement cascade protein anomaly characterized by low or undetectable serum ficolin3 levels, susceptibility to infections, and possibly autoimmunity. The presentation is variable, from perinatal necrotizing enterocolitis and recurrent skin infections with Staphylococcus aureus to childhood-onset recurrent pulmonary infections leading to brain abscesses and pulmonary fibrosis, to membranous nephropathy. In some patients, clinical consequences of ficolin3 deficiency were not clear.

IMMUNODEFICIENCY DUE TO FICOLIN3 DEFICIENCY Is also known as fcn3 deficiency|lectin complement activation pathway, defect in, 3|lcapd3

• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Ventricular septal defect
• Immunodeficiency

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN