Low-set ears, and Mitral valve prolapse

Polyvalvular heart disease syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by the combination of polyvalvular heart disease, short stature, facial anomalies and intellectual deficit.

POLYVALVULAR HEART DISEASE SYNDROME Is also known as phd syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Micrognathia
• Ptosis
• Low-set ears

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Cardiofaciocutaneous (CFC) syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly disorder characterized by a distinctive facial appearance, heart defects, and mental retardation (summary by Niihori et al., 2006). In a phenotypic comparison of BRAF (OMIM )-positive and KRAS-positive individuals with CFC, Niihori et al. (2006) observed that patients with KRAS mutations did not have the skin abnormalities, such as ichthyosis, hyperkeratosis, and hemangioma, that were present in patients with BRAF mutation.

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Ptosis

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Noonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant dysmorphic syndrome characterized primarily by dysmorphic facial features, cardiac abnormalities, and short stature, among other features (summary by Shah et al., 1999).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Noonan syndrome, see NS1 (OMIM ), which is caused by mutations in the PTPN11 gene (OMIM ). Approximately 50% of cases of Noonan syndrome are caused by mutations in PTPN11.

• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Strabismus
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive cutis laxa type IIC (ARCL2C) is characterized by generalized skin wrinkling with sparse subcutaneous fat and dysmorphic progeroid facial features. Most patients also exhibit severe hypotonia as well as cardiovascular involvement (summary by Van Damme et al., 2017).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive cutis laxa, see ARCL1A (OMIM ).

• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Neonatal Marfan syndrome is a rare, severe and life-threatening genetic disease, occuring during the neonatal period, characterized by classical Marfan syndrome manifestations in addition to facial dysmorphism (megalocornea, iridodonesis, ectopia lentis, crumpled ears, loose redundant skin giving a 'senile' facial appearance), flexion joint contractures, pulmonary emphysema, and a severe, rapidly progressive cardiovascular disease (including ascending aortic dilatation and severe mitral and/or tricuspid valve insufficiency). Additionally, skeletal manifestations (arachnodactyly, dolichostenomelia, pectus deformities) are also associated.

NEONATAL MARFAN SYNDROME Is also known as neonatal mfs

• Micrognathia
• Muscular hypotonia
• Low-set ears
• Flexion contracture
• Feeding difficulties

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Spondylo-ocular syndrome is a very rare association of spinal and ocular manifestations that is characterized by dense cataracts, and retinal detachment along with generalized osteoporosis and platyspondyly. Mild craniofacial dysphormism has been reported including short neck, large head and prominent eyebrows.

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

6q25 microdeletion syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by developmental delay, facial dysmorphism and hearing loss.

6Q25 MICRODELETION SYNDROME Is also known as del(6)(q25)|monosomy 6q25

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NSML), previously known as LEOPARD syndrome, is a rare multisystem genetic disorder characterized by lentigines, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, short stature, pectus deformity, and dysmorphic facial features.

NOONAN SYNDROME WITH MULTIPLE LENTIGINES Is also known as leopard syndrome|cardiomyopathic lentiginosis|familial multiple lentigines syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Mucopolysaccharidosis type 2 (MPS2, see this term), severe form (MPS2S), is associated with a massive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and a wide variety of symptoms including a rapidly progressive cognitive decline; it is most often fatal in the second or third decade.

MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE 2, SEVERE FORM Is also known as mucopolysaccharidosis type ii, severe form|mps2a|iduronate 2-sulfatase deficiency type a|mucopolysaccharidosis type 2a|hunter syndrome type a|mpsiia|mucopolysaccharidosis type iia

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Frank-ter Haar syndrome (formerly considered as an autosomal recessive form of Melnick-Needles syndrome; see this term) is defined by megalocornea, multiple skeletal anomalies, characteristic facial dysmorphism (wide fontanels, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, prominent eyes, full cheeks and micrognathia) and developmental delay.

FRANK-TER HAAR SYNDROME Is also known as ter haar syndrome|borrone dermatocardioskeletal syndrome|melnick-needles syndrome, autosomal recessive, formerly

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN