Intellectual disability, and Polyhydramnios

Bamforth-Lazarus syndrome is a very rare syndrome of congenital hypothyroidism characterized by thyroid dysgenesis (in most cases athyreosis), cleft palate and spiky hair, with or without choanal atresia, and bifid epiglottis. Facial dysmorphism and porencephaly have been reported in isolated cases.

BAMFORTH-LAZARUS SYNDROME Is also known as bamforth syndrome|athyroidal hypothyroidism-spiky hair-cleft palate syndrome|bamforth-lazarus syndrome|hypothyroidism-cleft palate syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Cleft palate
• Hypothyroidism
• Polyhydramnios
• Retrognathia

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Bartter syndrome refers to a group of disorders that are unified by autosomal recessive transmission of impaired salt reabsorption in the thick ascending loop of Henle with pronounced salt wasting, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, and hypercalciuria. Clinical disease results from defective renal reabsorption of sodium chloride in the thick ascending limb (TAL) of the Henle loop, where 30% of filtered salt is normally reabsorbed (Simon et al., 1997).Patients with antenatal (or neonatal) forms of Bartter syndrome (e.g., BARTS1, {601678}) typically present with premature birth associated with polyhydramnios and low birth weight and may develop life-threatening dehydration in the neonatal period. Patients with classic Bartter syndrome present later in life and may be sporadically asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (summary by Simon et al., 1996 and Fremont and Chan, 2012).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Bartter syndrome, see {607364}.

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Failure to thrive
• Sensorineural hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is characterized by polyuria with polydipsia, recurrent bouts of fever, constipation, and acute hypernatremic dehydration after birth that may cause neurological sequelae. Polyuria may exceed 10 litres in children.

NEPHROGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS Is also known as ndi|diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic, type i

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum
• Intellectual disability, mild

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Haddad syndrome is a rare congenital disorder in which congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS), or Ondine syndrome, occurs concurrently with Hirschsprung disease (see these terms).

HADDAD SYNDROME Is also known as congenital central alveolar hypoventilation-hirschsprung disease syndrome|ondine-hirschsprung syndrome|ondine-hirschsprung disease

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Failure to thrive
• Strabismus
• Sensorineural hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Bartter syndrome refers to a group of disorders that are unified by autosomal recessive transmission of impaired salt reabsorption in the thick ascending loop of Henle with pronounced salt wasting, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, and hypercalciuria. Clinical disease results from defective renal reabsorption of sodium chloride in the thick ascending limb (TAL) of the Henle loop, where 30% of filtered salt is normally reabsorbed (Simon et al., 1997).Patients with antenatal (or neonatal) forms of Bartter syndrome typically present with premature birth associated with polyhydramnios and low birth weight and may develop life-threatening dehydration in the neonatal period. Patients with classic Bartter syndrome (see BARTS3, {607364}) present later in life and may be sporadically asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (summary by Simon et al., 1996 and Fremont and Chan, 2012).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Bartter syndrome, see {607364}.

BARTTER SYNDROME, TYPE 4A, NEONATAL, WITH SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS; BARTS4A Is also known as bartter syndrome, neonatal, with sensorineural deafness|bsnd

• Intellectual disability
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Failure to thrive
• Sensorineural hearing impairment

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Spastic paraplegia, intellectual disability, nystagmus, and obesity (SINO) is an autosomal dominant neurologic disorder characterized by rapid growth in infancy, global developmental delay, spastic paraplegia, variable ophthalmologic defects, and dysmorphic facial features (summary by Josifova et al., 2016).

SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA-INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-NYSTAGMUS-OBESITY SYNDROME Is also known as sino syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Nystagmus
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly-17 (MCPH17) is a severe neurologic disorder characterized by very small head circumference that is apparent at birth and worsens over time (up to -12 SD). Affected individuals have delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, spasticity, axial hypotonia, and dysmorphic features. Brain imaging shows a simplified gyral pattern; more severe cases have lissencephaly with hypoplasia of the brainstem and cerebellum (summary by Harding et al., 2016).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of primary microcephaly, see MCPH1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Tatton-Brown-Rahman syndrome is characterized by tall stature, a distinctive facial appearance, and intellectual disability (Tatton-Brown et al., 2014).

TALL STATURE-INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-FACIAL DYSMORPHISM SYNDROME Is also known as dnmt3a-related overgrowth syndrome|tatton-brown-rahman overgrowth syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN