Intellectual disability, and Cerebellar hypoplasia

Cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome (CAMRQ) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by congenital cerebellar ataxia and mental retardation (summary by Gulsuner et al., 2011).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CAMRQ, see CAMRQ1 (OMIM ).

CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, MENTAL RETARDATION, AND DYSEQUILIBRIUM SYNDROME 4; CAMRQ4 Is also known as cerebellar ataxia and mental retardation with or without quadrupedal locomotion 4

• Intellectual disability
• Ataxia
• Dysarthria
• Cerebellar atrophy
• Cerebral atrophy

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Intellectual disability, severe

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Ataxia
• Delayed speech and language development

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome (CAMRQ) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by congenital cerebellar ataxia and mental retardation (summary by Gulsuner et al., 2011).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CAMRQ, see CAMRQ1 (OMIM ).

CEREBELLAR ATAXIA, MENTAL RETARDATION, AND DYSEQUILIBRIUM SYNDROME 3; CAMRQ3 Is also known as cerebellar ataxia and mental retardation with or without quadrupedal locomotion 3

• Intellectual disability
• Ataxia
• Strabismus
• Dysarthria
• Tremor

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Congenital muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy with brain and eye anomalies (type A) is an autosomal recessive disorder with characteristic brain and eye malformations, profound mental retardation, congenital muscular dystrophy, and death usually in the first years of life. The phenotype includes the alternative clinical designation Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS). The disorder represents the most severe end of a phenotypic spectrum of similar disorders resulting from defective glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1; 128239), collectively known as 'dystroglycanopathies' (summary by Manzini et al., 2012).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy type A, see MDDGA1 (OMIM ).

MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (CONGENITAL WITH BRAIN AND EYE ANOMALIES), TYPE A, 8; MDDGA8 Is also known as walker-warburg syndrome or muscle-eye-brain disease, gtdc2-related

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ventriculomegaly
• Hydrocephalus

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Tremor

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

X-linked non progressive cerebellar ataxia is a rare hereditary ataxia characterized by delayed early motor development, severe neonatal hypotonia, non-progressive ataxia and slow eye movements, presenting normal cognitive abilities and absence of pyramidal signs. Frequently patients also manifest intention tremor, mild dysphagia, and dysarthria. Brain MRI reveals global cerebellar atrophy with absence of other malformations or degenerations of the central and peripheral nervous systems.

X-LINKED NON PROGRESSIVE CEREBELLAR ATAXIA Is also known as scax5|x-linked spinocerebellar ataxia type 5

• Intellectual disability
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Nystagmus
• Strabismus

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by bone fragility and low bone mass. Due to considerable phenotypic variability, Sillence et al. (1979) developed a classification of OI subtypes based on clinical features and disease severity: OI type I, with blue sclerae (OMIM ); perinatal lethal OI type II, also known as congenital OI (OMIM ); OI type III, a progressively deforming form with normal sclerae (OMIM ); and OI type IV, with normal sclerae (OMIM ). Most forms of OI are autosomal dominant with mutations in one of the 2 genes that code for type I collagen alpha chains, COL1A1 (OMIM ) and COL1A2 (OMIM ). Keupp et al. (2013) and Pyott et al. (2013) described osteogenesis imperfecta type XV, an autosomal recessive form of the disorder characterized by early-onset recurrent fractures, bone deformity, significant reduction of bone density, short stature, and, in some patients, blue sclera. Tooth development and hearing are normal. Learning and developmental delays and brain anomalies have been observed in some patients.

OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA, TYPE XV; OI15 Is also known as oi, type xv

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Chudley-McCullough syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic deafness characterized by severe to profound, bilateral, sensorineural hearing loss (congenital or rapidly progressive in infancy) associated with a complex brain malformation including hydrocephalus, varying degrees of partial corpus callosum agenesis, colpocephaly, cerebral and cerebellar cortical dysplasia (bilateral medial frontal polymicrogyria, bilateral frontal subcortical heteropia) and, in some, arachnoid cysts. Major physical abnormalities or psychomotor delay are usually not associated.

CHUDLEY-MCCULLOUGH SYNDROME Is also known as dfnb82, formerly|deafness, sensorineural, with partial agenesis of the corpus callosum and arachnoid cysts|deafness, autosomal recessive 82, formerly

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Sensorineural hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN