Hypertension, and Abnormality of the metaphysis

Short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) with or without polydactyly refers to a group of autosomal recessive skeletal ciliopathies that are characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, shortened tubular bones, and a 'trident' appearance of the acetabular roof. SRTD encompasses Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) and the disorders previously designated as Jeune syndrome or asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD), short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), and Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MZSDS). Polydactyly is variably present, and there is phenotypic overlap in the various forms of SRTDs, which differ by visceral malformation and metaphyseal appearance. Nonskeletal involvement can include cleft lip/palate as well as anomalies of major organs such as the brain, eye, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, intestines, and genitalia. Some forms of SRTD are lethal in the neonatal period due to respiratory insufficiency secondary to a severely restricted thoracic cage, whereas others are compatible with life (summary by Huber and Cormier-Daire, 2012 and Schmidts et al., 2013).There is phenotypic overlap with the cranioectodermal dysplasias (Sensenbrenner syndrome; see CED1, {218330}).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of short-rib thoracic dysplasia, see SRTD1 (OMIM ).

SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 5 WITH OR WITHOUT POLYDACTYLY; SRTD5 Is also known as atd5|asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy 5

• Growth delay
• Cataract
• Hypertension
• Brachydactyly
• Myopia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Short stature
• Microcephaly
• Micrognathia
• Abnormal facial shape
• Hypertension

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, Mégarbané type is a rare, primary bone dysplasia characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, pre- and postnatal disproportionate short stature with short, rhizomelic limbs, facial dysmorphism, a short neck and small thorax. Hypotonia, cardiomegaly and global developmetal delay have also been associated. Several radiographic findings have been reported, including ribs with cupped ends, platyspondyly, square iliac bones, horizontal and trident acetabula, hypoplastic ischia, and delayed epiphyseal ossification.

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE SPONDYLOMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, MÉGARBANÉ TYPE Is also known as chondrodysplasia, megarbane-dagher-melki type

• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Growth delay
• Low-set ears

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome (BOS) is a benign disorder characterized by the association of osteopoikilosis lesions (``spotted bones'') in the skeleton and connective tissue nevi in the skin.

BUSCHKE-OLLENDORFF SYNDROME Is also known as dermatofibrosis, disseminated, with osteopoikilosis|osteopathia condensans disseminata|dermatoosteopoikilosis|dermatofibrosis lenticularis disseminata with osteopoikilosis|disseminated dermatofibrosis with osteopoikilosis

• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Strabismus
• Pain
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH) is a hereditary renal phosphate-wasting disorder characterized by hypophosphatemia and hypercalciuria associated with rickets and/or osteomalacia.

HEREDITARY HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC RICKETS WITH HYPERCALCIURIA Is also known as hypophosphatemia, x-linked|hpdr|hhrh|hyp|xlh|hypophosphatemic vitamin d-resistant rickets|vitamin d-resistant rickets, x-linked

• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Growth delay
• Neoplasm
• Sensorineural hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita is an autosomal dominant chondrodysplasia characterized by disproportionate short stature (short trunk), abnormal epiphyses, and flattened vertebral bodies. Skeletal features are manifested at birth and evolve with time. Other features include myopia and/or retinal degeneration with retinal detachment and cleft palate (summary by Anderson et al., 1990).

SPONDYLOEPIPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA CONGENITA; SEDC Is also known as sed congenita|spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, congenital type

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Coats plus syndrome is a pleiotropic multisystem disorder characterized by retinal telangiectasia and exudates, intracranial calcification with leukoencephalopathy and brain cysts, osteopenia with predisposition to fractures, bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal bleeding and portal hypertension. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive disease.

COATS PLUS SYNDROME Is also known as cerebroretinal microangiopathy with calcifications and cysts|coats plus syndrome|crmcc

• Seizures
• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Ataxia
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Cantu syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, osteochondrodysplasia, cardiomegaly, and dysmorphism.

HYPERTRICHOTIC OSTEOCHONDRODYSPLASIA, CANTU TYPE Is also known as hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hypertelorism
• Strabismus

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

SCHWARTZ-JAMPEL SYNDROME, TYPE 1; SJS1 Is also known as sja syndrome|schwartz-jampel-aberfeld syndrome|sjs|myotonic myopathy, dwarfism, chondrodystrophy, and ocular and facial abnormalities|schwartz-jampel syndrome|chondrodystrophic myotonia

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Achondroplasia is the most frequent form of short-limb dwarfism. Affected individuals exhibit short stature caused by rhizomelic shortening of the limbs, characteristic facies with frontal bossing and midface hypoplasia, exaggerated lumbar lordosis, limitation of elbow extension, genu varum, and trident hand (summary by Bellus et al., 1995).

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN