Hypertelorism, and Pulmonic stenosis

Noonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism, short and/or webbed neck, cardiac abnormalities, cryptorchidism, and coagulation defects (summary by Yamamoto et al., 2015).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Noonan syndrome, see NS1 (OMIM ).

• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Cryptorchidism
• Ptosis
• Downslanted palpebral fissures

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome (NFNS) is a RASopathy and a variant of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) characterized by the combination of features of NF1, such as café-au-lait spots, iris Lisch nodules, axillary and inguinal freckling, optic nerve glioma and multiple neurofibromas, and Noonan syndrome (NS), such as short stature, typical facial features (hypertelorism, ptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, low-set posteriorly rotated ears with a thickened helix, and a broad forehead), congenital heart defects and unusual pectus deformity. As these three entities have significant phenotypic overlap, molecular genetic testing is often necessary for a correct diagnosis (such as when café-au-lait spots are present in patients diagnosed with NS).

NEUROFIBROMATOSIS-NOONAN SYNDROME Is also known as nfns|neurofibromatosis type 1-noonan syndrome

• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Cryptorchidism
• Ptosis
• Downslanted palpebral fissures

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Noonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism, short and/or webbed neck, cardiac abnormalities, cryptorchidism, and coagulation defects (summary by Yamamoto et al., 2015).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Noonan syndrome, see NS1 (OMIM ).

• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Abnormal facial shape
• Cryptorchidism

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Noonan syndrome is a developmental disorder characterized by reduced postnatal growth, dysmorphic facial features, cardiac defects, and variable cognitive defects (summary by Sarkozy et al., 2009).

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Hypermethioninemia encephalopathy due to adenosine kinase deficiency is a rare inborn error of metabolism disorder characterized by persistent hypermethioninemia with increased levels of S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine which manifests with encephalopathy, severe global developmental delay, mild to severe liver dysfunction, hypotonia and facial dysmorphism (most significant is frontal bossing, macrocephaly, hypertelorism and depressed nasal bridge). Epileptic seizures, hypoglycemia and/or cardiac defects (pulmonary stenosis, atrial and/or ventricular septal defect, coarctation of the aorta) may be associated. Clinical picture may range from neurological symptoms only to multi-organ involvement.

HYPERMETHIONINEMIA ENCEPHALOPATHY DUE TO ADENOSINE KINASE DEFICIENCY Is also known as mental retardation, autosomal recessive 8, formerly|adk hypermethioninemia|mrt8, formerly|hypermethioninemia encephalopathy due to adk deficiency

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Zellweger syndrome (ZS) is an autosomal recessive multiple congenital anomaly syndrome resulting from disordered peroxisome biogenesis. Affected children present in the newborn period with profound hypotonia, seizures, and inability to feed. Characteristic craniofacial anomalies, eye abnormalities, neuronal migration defects, hepatomegaly, and chondrodysplasia punctata are present. Children with this condition do not show any significant development and usually die in the first year of life (summary by Steinberg et al., 2006).For a complete phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Zellweger syndrome, see {214100}.Individuals with PBDs of complementation group 12 (CG12, equivalent to CGG) have mutations in the PEX3 gene. For information on the history of PBD complementation groups, see {214100}.

• Seizures
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Muscular hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Hyperphosphatasia with mental retardation syndrome-2 is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by moderately to severely delayed psychomotor development, facial dysmorphism, brachytelephalangy, and increased serum alkaline phosphatase (hyperphosphatasia). Some patients may have additional features, such as cardiac septal defects or seizures (summary by Krawitz et al., 2012). The disorder is caused by a defect in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis.For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of hyperphosphatasia with mental retardation syndrome, see HPMRS1 (OMIM ).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of GPI biosynthesis defects, see GPIBD1 (OMIM ).

HYPERPHOSPHATASIA WITH MENTAL RETARDATION SYNDROME 2; HPMRS2 Is also known as glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 6|gpibd6

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Right atrial isomerism is a severe complex congenital heart defect resulting from embryonic disruption of proper left-right axis determination. RAI is usually characterized by complete atrioventricular septal defect with a common atrium and univentricular AV connection, total anomalous pulmonary drainage, and transposition or malposition of the great arteries. Affected individuals present at birth with severe cardiac failure. Other associated abnormalities include bilateral trilobed lungs, midline liver, and asplenia, as well as situs inversus affecting other organs. Left atrial isomerism (LAI) is a related disorder with a somewhat better prognosis. LAI is characterized by bilateral superior vena cava, interruption of the intrahepatic portion of the inferior vena cava, partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, and ventricular septal defect. Patients with LAI may have polysplenia and bilateral bilobed lungs, as well as situs inversus affecting other organs. Both RAI and LAI malformation complexes have classically been referred to as Ivemark syndrome (summary by Eronen et al., 2004 and Kaasinen et al., 2010).

IVEMARK SYNDROME Is also known as ivemark syndrome|asplenia with cardiovascular anomalies|right isomerism

• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism
• Low-set ears
• Flexion contracture
• Intrauterine growth retardation

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN