Hypertelorism, and Myopathy

Congenital lethal myopathy, Compton-North type is a rare, genetic, lethal, non-dystrophic congenital myopathy disorder characterized, antenatally, by fetal akinesia, intrauterine growth restriction and polyhydramnios, and, following birth, by severe neonatal hypotonia, severe generalized skeletal, bulbar and respiratory muscle weakness, multiple flexion contractures, and normal creatine kinase serum levels. Ultrastructurally, loss of integrin alpha7, beta2-syntrophin and alpha-dystrobrevin from the muscle sarcolemma and disruption of sarcomeres with disorganization of the Z band are observed.

• Generalized hypotonia
• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism
• Flexion contracture
• High palate

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Francke et al. (1987) noted that there are 3 clinically distinct forms of glycerol kinase deficiency: infantile, juvenile, and adult. The infantile form is associated with severe developmental delay, and those with the adult form have no symptoms and are often detected fortuitously.The infantile form of GK deficiency, or the 'GK complex,' results from the Xp21 contiguous gene deletion syndrome (OMIM ) with congenital adrenal hypoplasia (OMIM ) and/or Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD ), whereas the juvenile and adult forms have isolated GK deficiency (Walker et al., 1996).

GLYCEROL KINASE DEFICIENCY; GKD Is also known as gk deficiency|hyperglycerolemia|gk1 deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Intermediate nemaline myopathy is a type of nemaline myopathy (NM; see this term) that shows features of typical NM (see this term) in neonates with a more severe progression.

• Hypertelorism
• Low-set ears
• Flexion contracture
• Motor delay
• Skeletal muscle atrophy

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

• Scoliosis
• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

EARLY-ONSET MYOPATHY WITH FATAL CARDIOMYOPATHY Is also known as myopathy, early-onset, with fatal cardiomyopathy|salih myopathy|eomfc

• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Muscle weakness
• Ptosis

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

The musculocontractural type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is characterized by progressive multisystem fragility-related manifestations, including joint dislocations and deformities; skin hyperextensibility, bruisability, and fragility, with recurrent large subcutaneous hematomas; cardiac valvular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and ophthalmologic complications; and myopathy, featuring muscle hypoplasia, muscle weakness, and an abnormal muscle fiber pattern in histology in adulthood, resulting in gross motor developmental delay (summary by Muller et al., 2013).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of the musculocontractural type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, see EDSMC1 (OMIM ).

• Global developmental delay
• Hypertelorism
• Muscle weakness
• Abnormal facial shape
• Pain

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Childhood onset nemaline myopathy, or mild nemaline myopathy is a type of nemaline myopathy (NM; see this terms) characterized by distal muscle weakness, and sometimes slowness of muscle contraction.

CHILDHOOD-ONSET NEMALINE MYOPATHY Is also known as mild nemaline myopathy

• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Ptosis

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Stromme syndrome is an autosomal recessive congenital disorder affecting multiple systems with features of a ciliopathy. Affected individuals typically have some type of intestinal atresia, variable ocular abnormalities, microcephaly, and sometimes involvement of other systems, including renal and cardiac. In some cases, the condition is lethal in early life, whereas other patients show normal survival with or without mild cognitive impairment (summary by Filges et al., 2016).

STROMME SYNDROME; STROMS Is also known as jejunal atresia with microcephaly and ocular anomalies|apple peel syndrome with microcephaly and ocular anomalies|ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 31, formerly|cild31, formerly

• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Sheldon-Hall syndrome (SHS) is a rare multiple congenital contracture syndrome characterized by contractures of the distal joints of the limbs, triangular face, downslanting palpebral fissures, small mouth, and high arched palate.

SHELDON-HALL SYNDROME Is also known as arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, distal, type ii, with craniofacial abnormalities|sheldon-hall syndrome|shs|distal arthrogryposis type 2b|fssv|arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, distal, type 2b|freeman-sheldon syndrome variant

• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN