Hydrocephalus, and Hyperactivity

Kleefstra syndrome-2 is an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, variable intellectual disability, and mild dysmorphic features (summary by Koemans et al., 2017).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Kleefstra syndrome, see KLEFS1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy-49 is a severe autosomal recessive neurologic disorder characterized by onset of seizures in the neonatal period, global developmental delay with intellectual disability and lack of speech, hypotonia, spasticity, and coarse facial features. Some patients may have brain calcifications on imaging (summary by Han et al., 2016).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of EIEE, see EIEE1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Neonatal glycine encephalopathy is a frequent, usually severe form of glycine encephalopathy (GE; see this term) characterized by coma, apnea, hypotonia, seizure and myoclonic jerks in the neonatal period, and subsequent developmental delay.

NEONATAL GLYCINE ENCEPHALOPATHY Is also known as classic glycine encephalopathy|neonatal nkh|nkh|neonatal non-ketotic hyperglycinemia|hyperglycinemia, nonketotic

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare congenital neurocutaneous disorder characterized by facial capillary malformations and/or cerebral and ocular ipsilateral vascular malformations that result in variable degrees of ocular and neurological anomalies.

STURGE-WEBER SYNDROME Is also known as sws|sturge-weber-dimitri syndrome|sturge-weber-krabbe angiomatosis|encephalofacial angiomatosis|sturge-weber-krabbe syndrome|encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Strabismus
• Hyperreflexia
• Macrocephaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Luscan-Lumish syndrome is characterized by macrocephaly, intellectual disability, speech delay, low sociability, and behavioral problems. More variable features include postnatal overgrowth, obesity, advanced carpal ossification, developmental delay, and seizures (Luscan et al., 2014; Lumish et al., 2015)

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

1q21.1 microduplication syndrome is a rare partial autosomal trisomy/tetrasomy with incomplete penetrance and variable expression characterized by macrocephaly, developmental delay, intellectual disability, psychiatric disturbances (autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, mood disorders) and mild facial dysmorphism (high forehead, hypertelorism). Other associated features include congenital heart defects, hypotonia, short stature, scoliosis.

1Q21.1 MICRODUPLICATION SYNDROME Is also known as trisomy 1q21.1|dup(1)(q21.1)

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Noonan syndrome-like disorder with loose anagen hair is characterized by facial features similar to those observed in Noonan syndrome (OMIM ), including hypertelorism, ptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, low-set posteriorly angulated ears, and overfolded pinnae. In addition, patients display short stature, frequently with growth hormone (GH; see {139250}) deficiency; cognitive deficits; relative macrocephaly; small posterior fossa resulting in Chiari I malformation; hypernasal voice; cardiac defects, especially dysplasia of the mitral valve and septal defects; and ectodermal abnormalities, in which the most characteristic feature is the hair anomaly, including easily pluckable, sparse, thin, slow-growing hair (summary by Bertola et al., 2017). Genetic Heterogeneity of Noonan Syndrome-Like Disorder with Loose Anagen HairNSLH2 (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the PPP1CB gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 2p23.

NOONAN SYNDROME-LIKE DISORDER WITH LOOSE ANAGEN HAIR 1; NSLH1 Is also known as tosti syndrome|nslh

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Beta-mannosidosis is a very rare lysosomal storage disease characterized by developmental delay of varying severity and hearing loss, but that can manifest a wide phenotypic heterogeneity.

BETA-MANNOSIDOSIS Is also known as beta-mannosidase deficiency|beta-mannosidosis|lysosomal beta-mannosidase deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

1p31p32 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1, characterized by developmental delay, corpus callosum agenesis/hypoplasia and craniofacial dysmorphism, such as macrocephaly (caused by hydrocephalus or ventriculomegaly), low-set ears, anteverted nostrils and micrognathia. Urinary tract defects (e.g. vesicoureteral reflux, urinary incontinence) are also frequently associated. Other reported variable manifestations include hypotonia, tethered spinal cord, Chiari type I malformation and seizures.

1P31P32 MICRODELETION SYNDROME Is also known as monosomy 1p31p32|del(1)(p31p32)

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN