Hearing impairment, and Osteosarcoma

Paget disease is a metabolic bone disease characterized by focal abnormalities of increased bone turnover affecting one or more sites throughout the skeleton, primarily the axial skeleton. Bone lesions in this disorder show evidence of increased osteoclastic bone resorption and disorganized bone structure. See reviews by Ralston et al. (2008) and Ralston and Albagha (2014). Genetic Heterogeneity of Paget Disease of BoneAlso see PDB2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TNFRSF11A gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 18q21; PDB4 (OMIM ), mapped to chromosome 5q31; PDB5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TNFRSF11B gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 8q24; and PDB6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ZNF687 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 1q21.Suggestive linkage of a form of PDB to chromosome 6p (PDB1) was reported by Fotino et al. (1977); however, further studies did not confirm linkage to this site (Moore and Hoffman, 1988; Nance et al., 2000; Good et al., 2001).

• Hearing impairment
• Neoplasm
• Pain
• Bone pain
• Osteolysis

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Retinoblastoma (RB) is an embryonic malignant neoplasm of retinal origin. It almost always presents in early childhood and is often bilateral. Spontaneous regression ('cure') occurs in some cases. The retinoblastoma gene (RB1) was the first tumor suppressor gene cloned. It is a negative regulator of the cell cycle through its ability to bind the transcription factor E2F (OMIM ) and repress transcription of genes required for S phase (Hanahan and Weinberg, 2000).

RETINOBLASTOMA; RB1 Is also known as rb

• Intellectual disability
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Nystagmus
• Neoplasm

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Activating or gain-of-function GNAS1 mutations in patients with the McCune-Albright syndrome are present in the mosaic state, resulting from a postzygotic somatic mutation appearing early in the course of development which yields a monoclonal population of mutated cells within variously affected tissues. The nonmosaic state for most activating mutations is presumably lethal to the embryo. The disorder is characterized clinically by the classic triad of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (POFD), cafe-au-lait skin pigmentation, and peripheral precocious puberty. However, the disorder is clinically heterogeneous and can include various other endocrinologic anomalies such as thyrotoxicosis, pituitary gigantism, and Cushing syndrome (OMIM ) (Lumbroso et al., 2004).

MCCUNE-ALBRIGHT SYNDROME; MAS Is also known as albright syndrome

• Hearing impairment
• Neoplasm
• Abnormal facial shape
• Depressed nasal bridge
• Blindness

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Benign chronic familial pemphigus of Hailey-Hailey is characterized by rhagades mostly located in the armpits, inguinal and perineal folds (scrotum, vulva).

FAMILIAL BENIGN CHRONIC PEMPHIGUS Is also known as poikiloderma atrophicans and cataract|hailey-hailey disease|benign chronic familial pemphigus of hailey-hailey

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Growth delay
• Neoplasm

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Baller-Gerold syndrome is characterized by the association of coronal craniosynostosis with radial ray anomalies (oligodactyly, aplasia or hypoplasia of the thumb, aplasia or hypoplasia of the radius).

BALLER-GEROLD SYNDROME Is also known as craniosynostosis-radial aplasia syndrome|craniosynostosis with radial defects

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Poikiloderma with neutropenia is a rare, genetic hereditary poikiloderma disorder characterized by early-onset poikiloderma (which typically begins in the extremities, progresses centripetally and eventually involves the trunk, face and ears) associated with chronic neutropenia, recurrent infections, pachyonychia and palmoplantar keratoderma. Growth and/or develomental delay and hepato- and/or splenomegaly are additional reported features.

POIKILODERMA WITH NEUTROPENIA Is also known as poikiloderma with neutropenia, clericuzio type|poikiloderma with neutropenia, clericuzio-type

• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Abnormal facial shape
• Cataract
• Depressed nasal bridge

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Choroid plexus tumors are of neuroectodermal origin and range from benign choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) to malignant choroid carcinomas (CPCs). These rare tumors generally occur in childhood, but have also been reported in adults. Patients typically present with signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure including headache, hydrocephalus, papilledema, nausea, vomiting, cranial nerve deficits, gait impairment, and seizures (summary by Safaee et al., 2013).

PAPILLOMA OF CHOROID PLEXUS; CPP Is also known as choroid plexus papilloma

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Hypertelorism
• Neoplasm
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Alpha-thalassemia-intellectual deficit syndrome linked to chromosome 16 (ATR-16), a contiguous gene deletion syndrome, is a form of alpha-thalassemia (see this term) characterized by microcytosis, hypochromia, normal hemoglobin (Hb) level or mild anemia, associated with developmental abnormalities.

ALPHA-THALASSEMIA-INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY SYNDROME LINKED TO CHROMOSOME 16 Is also known as hbhr|atr syndrome, deletion type|alpha thalassemia-mental retardation syndrome|mental retardation with hemoglobin h|alpha thalassemia-intellectual disability syndrome, deletion type|alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome, deletion-type|atr, deletio

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN