Hearing impairment, and Hydronephrosis

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) comprise a broad spectrum of renal and urinary tract malformations. CAKUT structural anomalies range from complete renal agenesis (the most severe), to renal hypodysplasia, multicystic kidney dysplasia, duplex renal collecting system, ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), megaureter, posterior urethral valves (PUV), and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Renal abnormalities are observed in close relatives of up to 10% of CAKUT patients, although these are frequently asymptomatic. The phenotype often does not follow classic mendelian inheritance: family members with the same genetic defect may have variable phenotypes, ranging from severe renal insufficiency to asymptomatic anomalies. CAKUT occurs in about 1 in 500 live births, but are severe enough to cause neonatal death in about 1 in 2,000 births. In addition, CAKUT can occur in syndromic disorders in association with other congenital anomalies, such as papillorenal syndrome (OMIM ) (summary by Renkema et al., 2011). Genetic Heterogeneity of Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Urinary TractAlso see CAKUT2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TBX18 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 6q14.

CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF KIDNEY AND URINARY TRACT 1; CAKUT1 Is also known as renal hypodysplasia, nonsyndromic, 1|rhdns1

• Hearing impairment
• Hypertension
• Renal insufficiency
• Hydronephrosis
• Stage 5 chronic kidney disease

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

GRIDHH is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder characterized by intellectual disability, poor overall growth, hypotonia, and variable liver dysfunction. Additional features, such as seizures and hearing loss, may also be present (summary by Kopajtich et al., 2016).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

IMAGe syndrome is characterized by the association of Intrauterine growth retardation, Metaphyseal dysplasia (and short limbs), Adrenal hypoplasia congenita, and Genital anomalies. It has been described in less than 20 cases. The patients also present with dysmorphic features (frontal bossing, broad nasal bridge, low-set ears). In boys, genital anomalies include bilateral cryptorchidism, hypospadias, micropenis, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This syndrome is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.

IMAGE SYNDROME Is also known as intrauterine growth retardation-metaphyseal dysplasia-adrenal hypoplasia congenita-genital anomalies syndrome|image syndrome

• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Growth delay
• Sensorineural hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a connective tissue disorder characterized by bone fragility and low bone mass. OI type VII is an autosomal recessive form of severe or lethal OI (summary by Barnes et al., 2006).

OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA, TYPE VII; OI7 Is also known as oi2b, formerly|osteogenesis imperfecta, type iib, formerly|oi, type vii

• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Failure to thrive
• Motor delay

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Pfeiffer syndrome type 3 (PS3) is a severe type of Pfeiffer syndrome (PS; see this term), characterized by bicoronal craniosynostosis, severe associated functional disorders, and hand, foot and elbow abnormalities.

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Hearing impairment
• Hypertelorism
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) comprises a group of connective tissue disorders characterized by bone fragility and low bone mass. The disorder is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. OI type X is an autosomal recessive form characterized by multiple bone deformities and fractures, generalized osteopenia, dentinogenesis imperfecta, and blue sclera (Christiansen et al., 2010).

OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA, TYPE X; OI10 Is also known as oi, type x

• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Renal coloboma syndrome (RCS) is a genetic condition characterized by optic nerve dysplasia and renal hypodysplasia.

RENAL COLOBOMA SYNDROME Is also known as renal-coloboma syndrome|congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract with or without ocular abnormalities|optic coloboma, vesicoureteral reflux, and renal anomalies|papillo-renal syndrome|coloboma of optic nerve with renal disease|renal-coloboma s

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Hypoparathyroidism-sensorineural deafness-renal disease syndrome is a rare, clinically heterogeneous genetic disorder characterized by the triad of hypoparathyroidism (H), sensorineural deafness (D) and renal disease (R).

HYPOPARATHYROIDISM-SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS-RENAL DISEASE SYNDROME Is also known as barakat syndrome|hdrs|nephrosis, nerve deafness, and hypoparathyroidism|hdr syndrome|hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal dysplasia syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Hearing impairment
• Growth delay
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Midface hypoplasia, hearing impairment, elliptocytosis, and nephrocalcinosis is an X-linked recessive disorder with onset of features in early childhood. Anemia is sometimes present. Some patients may show mild early motor or speech delay, but cognition is normal (summary by Andreoletti et al., 2017).

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

CHILD syndrome (Congenital Hemidysplasia with Ichthyosiform nevus and Limb Defects, CS) is an X-linked dominant genodermatosis characterized by unilateral inflammatory and scaling skin lesions with ipsilateral visceral and limb anomalies.

CHILD SYNDROME Is also known as child syndrome|child nevus|ichthyosiform erythroderma, unilateral, with ipsilateral malformations, especially absence deformity of limbs|congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limbs defects

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN