Global developmental delay, and Congenital cataract

Congenital cataract-progressive muscular hypotonia-hearing loss-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, genetic, mitochondrial myopathy disorder characterized by congenital cataract, progressive muscular hypotonia that particularly affects the lower limbs, reduced deep tendon reflexes, sensorineural hearing loss, global development delay and lactic acidosis. Muscle biopsy reveals reduced complex I, II and IV respiratory chain activity.

CONGENITAL CATARACT-PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR HYPOTONIA-HEARING LOSS-DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY SYNDROME Is also known as myopathy with cataract and combined respiratory chain deficiency|mitochondrial complex deficiency, combined|congenital cataract-progressive muscular hypotonia-deafness-developmental delay syndrome

• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Nystagmus
• Sensorineural hearing impairment

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Congenital cataract-hearing loss-severe developmental delay syndrome is a rare, genetic, lethal, neurometabolic disease characterized by congenital cataracts, sensorineural hearing loss, severe psychomotor developmental delay, severe, generalized muscular hypotonia, and central nervous system abnormalities (incl. cerebellar and cerebral hypoplasia, hypomyelination, wide subarachnoid spaces), in the presence of low serum copper and ceruloplasmin. Nystagmus and seizures have also been reported.

CONGENITAL CATARACT-HEARING LOSS-SEVERE DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY SYNDROME Is also known as congenital cataract-deafness-severe developmental delay syndrome|lethal neurodegenerative disorder due to copper transport defect

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

SC4MOL deficiency represents an inborn error of cholesterol metabolism that is characterized by accumulation of a large amount of methylsterols, particularly dimethylsterols, in affected patients. The associated features of immune dysregulation, skin disease, and growth delay can be at least partially corrected with cholesterol and statin supplements (He et al., 2014).

MICROCEPHALY-CONGENITAL CATARACT-PSORIASIFORM DERMATITIS SYNDROME Is also known as smo deficiency|sterol-c4-methyl oxidase deficiency|sc4mol deficiency

• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Hypomyelination-congenital cataract is characterized by the onset of cataract either at birth or in the first two months of life, delayed psychomotor development by the end of the first year of life and moderate intellectual deficit.

HYPOMYELINATION-CONGENITAL CATARACT SYNDROME Is also known as hypomyelination and congenital cataract: hcc

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency (3-PGDH deficiency) is an autosomal recessive form of serine deficiency syndrome (see this term) characterized clinically in the few reported cases by congenital microcephaly, psychomotor retardation and intractable seizures in the infantile form and by absence seizures, moderate developmental delay and behavioral disorders in the juvenile form

3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY, INFANTILE/JUVENILE FORM Is also known as phgdh deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome is a severe, progressive neurologic disorder characterized by prenatal onset of arthrogryposis, microcephaly, and growth failure. Postnatal features include severe developmental delay, congenital cataracts (in some), and marked UV sensitivity of the skin. Survival beyond 6 years of age is rare. COFS represents the severe end of the spectrum of disorders caused by mutations in nucleotide excision repair (NER) genes, with Cockayne syndrome and xeroderma pigmentosum being milder NER-related phenotypes (summary by Drury et al., 2014).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome, see COFS1 (OMIM ).

• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Porencephaly-microcephaly-bilateral congenital cataract syndrome is a rare, genetic, central nervous system malformation syndrome characterized by bilateral congenital cataracts and severe hemorrhagic destruction of the brain parenchyma with associated massive cystic degeneration, enlarged ventricles and subependymal calcification. Patients typically present generalized spasticity, increased deep tendon reflexes and seizures. Hepatomegaly and renal anomalies have also been reported.

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Cataract
• Cryptorchidism
• Spasticity

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Cataract
• Spasticity

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Neurodevelopmental disorder with epilepsy, cataracts, feeding difficulties, and delayed brain myelination is a syndromic form of severe to profound intellectual disability with onset of delayed psychomotor development and seizures in infancy. Affected children have hypotonia, feeding difficulties resulting in failure to thrive, and inability to speak or walk, and they tend to show repetitive stereotypic behaviors. Brain imaging shows cerebral atrophy and delayed myelination (summary by Schoch et al., 2017).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Nance-Horan syndrome (NHS) is characterized by the association in male patients of congenital cataracts with microcornea, dental anomalies and facial dysmorphism.

NANCE-HORAN SYNDROME Is also known as cataract-dental syndrome|mesiodens-cataract syndrome|cataract, x-linked, with hutchinsonian teeth

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Nystagmus
• Strabismus
• Cataract

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN