Global developmental delay, and Choreoathetosis

Vitamin B12-unresponsive methylmalonic acidemia type mut0 is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by recurrent ketoacidotic comas or transient vomiting, dehydration, hypotonia and intellectual deficit, which does not respond to administration of vitamin B12.

VITAMIN B12-UNRESPONSIVE METHYLMALONIC ACIDEMIA TYPE MUT0 Is also known as complete deficiency of methylmalonyl-coa mutase|vitamin b12-unresponsive methylmalonic aciduria type mut0

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Growth delay
• Muscular hypotonia
• Anemia

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

STRIATONIGRAL DEGENERATION, INFANTILE, MITOCHONDRIAL Is also known as bilateral striatal necrosis, infantile, mitochondrial|infantile bilateral striatal necrosis, mitochondrial

• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Muscular hypotonia
• Babinski sign
• Difficulty walking

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Spasticity

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Alternating hemiplegia of childhood is a rare syndrome characterized by infantile onset of episodic hemi-or quadriplegia. Most cases are accompanied by dystonic posturing, choreoathetoid movements, abnormal ocular movements, developmental delay, and progressive cognitive impairment (summary by Heinzen et al., 2012).For discussion of genetic heterogeneity of alternating hemiplegia of childhood, see AHC1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy-37 is an autosomal recessive severe epileptic-dyskinetic disorder characterized by onset of intractable seizures or abnormal movements in the first years of life. Affected individuals show global developmental delay and/or developmental regression after onset of seizures. Patients also show a hyperkinetic movement disorder with choreoathetosis, spasticity, and rigidity. The individuals are severely affected, with mental retardation, absent speech, and impaired volitional movements (summary by Madeo et al., 2016).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of EIEE, see EIEE1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Early-onset parkinsonism with intellectual deficit is a basal ganglia disorder characterised by parkinsonian-type symptoms (postural changes, tremor, rigidity), megalencephaly and variable intellectual deficit. Other signs are frontal bossing, persistent frontal lobe reflexes, strabismus and seizures. It has been described in three generations of one family. Transmission is X-linked, and the gene is located on chromosomal region Xq27.3-qter.

EARLY-ONSET PARKINSONISM-INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY SYNDROME Is also known as basal ganglion disorder with mental retardation|bgmr|waisman syndrome|parkinsonism, early-onset, with mental retardation|laxova-opitz syndrome|wsn

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Strabismus
• Cognitive impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency is a rare neurometabolic disorder of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism with a nonspecific clinical presentation (ranging from mild to severe) with the most frequent symptoms being cognitive impairment with prominent deficit in expressive language, hypotonia, ataxia, epilepsy, and behavioral dysregulation.

SUCCINIC SEMIALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY Is also known as ssadh deficiency|4-hydroxybutyric aciduria|gaba metabolic defect|gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS) deficiency is one of the causes of malignant hyperphenylalaninemia due to tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency. Not only does tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency cause hyperphenylalaninemia, it is also responsible for defective neurotransmission of monoamines because of malfunctioning tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases, both tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent hydroxylases.

6-PYRUVOYL-TETRAHYDROPTERIN SYNTHASE DEFICIENCY Is also known as hyperphenylalaninemia due to 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Ataxia
• Muscular hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 deficiency is a very rare form of pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (PDHD, see this term) characterized by variable lactic acidosis and neurological dysfunction, mainly appearing during childhood.

PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE E2 DEFICIENCY Is also known as dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency|lactic acidemia due to defect of e2 lipoyl transacetylase of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex|pyruvate dehydrogenase complex component e2 deficiency|dihydrolipoyll

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly
• Ataxia

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN