Generalized hypotonia, and Anxiety

Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome (MDS) is a rare movement disorder characterized by mild to moderate dystonia along with 'lightning-like' myoclonic jerks.

MYOCLONUS-DYSTONIA SYNDROME Is also known as myoclonic dystonia|hereditary essential myoclonus|dystonia, alcohol-responsive|myoclonus-dystonia syndrome|myoclonus, hereditary essential|alcohol-responsive dystonia

• Seizures
• Generalized hypotonia
• Muscular hypotonia
• Cognitive impairment
• Tremor

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Autism, the prototypic pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), is usually apparent by 3 years of age. It is characterized by a triad of limited or absent verbal communication, a lack of reciprocal social interaction or responsiveness, and restricted, stereotypical, and ritualized patterns of interests and behavior (Bailey et al., 1996; Risch et al., 1999). 'Autism spectrum disorder,' sometimes referred to as ASD, is a broader phenotype encompassing the less severe disorders Asperger syndrome (see ASPG1; {608638}) and pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). 'Broad autism phenotype' includes individuals with some symptoms of autism, but who do not meet the full criteria for autism or other disorders. Mental retardation coexists in approximately two-thirds of individuals with ASD, except for Asperger syndrome, in which mental retardation is conspicuously absent (Jones et al., 2008). Genetic studies in autism often include family members with these less stringent diagnoses (Schellenberg et al., 2006).Levy et al. (2009) provided a general review of autism and autism spectrum disorder, including epidemiology, characteristics of the disorder, diagnosis, neurobiologic hypotheses for the etiology, genetics, and treatment options.

AUTISM, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, X-LINKED 4; AUTSX4 Is also known as chromosome xp22 deletion syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Alternating hemiplegia of childhood is a rare syndrome characterized by infantile onset of episodic hemi-or quadriplegia. Most cases are accompanied by dystonic posturing, choreoathetoid movements, abnormal ocular movements, developmental delay, and progressive cognitive impairment (summary by Heinzen et al., 2012).For discussion of genetic heterogeneity of alternating hemiplegia of childhood, see AHC1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Familial dyskinesia and facial myokymia is a rare paroxysmal movement disorder, with childhood or adolescent onset, characterized by paroxysmal choreiform, dystonic, and myoclonic movements involving the limbs (mostly distal upper limbs), neck and/or face, which can progressively increase in both frequency and severity until they become nearly constant. Patients may also present with delayed motor milestones, perioral and periorbital dyskinesias, dysarthria, hypotonia, and weakness.

FAMILIAL DYSKINESIA AND FACIAL MYOKYMIA Is also known as fdfm

• Intellectual disability
• Generalized hypotonia
• Motor delay
• Hyperreflexia
• Dysarthria

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency is a rare neurometabolic disorder of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism with a nonspecific clinical presentation (ranging from mild to severe) with the most frequent symptoms being cognitive impairment with prominent deficit in expressive language, hypotonia, ataxia, epilepsy, and behavioral dysregulation.

SUCCINIC SEMIALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY Is also known as ssadh deficiency|4-hydroxybutyric aciduria|gaba metabolic defect|gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Intellectual developmental disorder with neuropsychiatric features is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by moderate intellectual disability, relatively mild seizures, and neuropsychiatric abnormalities, such as anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behavior, and autistic features. Mild facial dysmorphic features may also be present (summary by Srour et al., 2017).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP) is a very rare movement disorder, characterized by the abrupt onset of parkinsonism and dystonia, often triggered by physical or psychological stress.

RAPID-ONSET DYSTONIA-PARKINSONISM Is also known as dyt12|dystonia-parkinsonism, rapid-onset|rdp|dystonia 12

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Motor delay

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED 30; MRX30 Is also known as mental retardation, x-linked 47|mrx47

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly
• High palate

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Intellectual disability-severe speech delay-mild dysmorphism syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder, with highly variable phenotype, typically characterized by mild to severe global development delay, severe speech and language impairment, mild to severe intellectual disability, dysphagia, hypotonia, relative to true macrocephaly, and behavioral problems that may include autistic features, hyperactivity, and mood lability. Facial gestalt typically features a broad, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, ptosis, a short bulbous nose with broad tip, thick vermilion border, wide, and open mouth with downturned corners. Brain, cardiac, urogenital and ocular malformations may be associated.

INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-SEVERE SPEECH DELAY-MILD DYSMORPHISM SYNDROME Is also known as foxp1 syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hypertelorism
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

MIGRAINE, FAMILIAL HEMIPLEGIC, 1; FHM1 Is also known as mhp1|fhm

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN