Flexion contracture, and Fatigue

Myophosphorylase deficiency (McArdle's disease), or glycogen storage disease type 5 (GSD5) , is a severe form of glycogen storage disease characterized by exercise intolerance.

GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE DUE TO MUSCLE GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE DEFICIENCY Is also known as glycogen storage disease type 5|myophosphorylase deficiency|glycogen storage disease type v|muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency|gsd due to muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency|mcardle disease|gsd type v|glycogenosis type 5|glycogenosis type v|gsd

• Muscle weakness
• Pain
• Flexion contracture
• Skeletal muscle atrophy
• Fatigue

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

• Generalized hypotonia
• Nystagmus
• Muscle weakness
• Ptosis
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

CNM6 is an autosomal recessive, slowly progressive congenital myopathy with onset in infancy or early childhood. Patients may be hypotonic at birth, but all show delayed motor development and walking difficulties due to muscle weakness mainly affecting the proximal lower and upper limbs. Other features include scapular winging, scoliosis, and mildly decreased respiratory vital capacity. The phenotype and muscle biopsy abnormalities are variable, although centralized nuclei and fiber-type disproportion appear to be a common finding on muscle biopsy.For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of centronuclear myopathy, see CNM1 (OMIM ).

• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Muscle weakness
• Flexion contracture
• Motor delay

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Tubular aggregates in muscle, first described by Engel (1964), are structures of variable appearance consisting of an outer tubule containing either one or more microtubule-like structures or amorphous material. They are a nonspecific pathologic finding that may occur in a variety of circumstances, including alcohol- and drug-induced myopathies, exercise-induced cramps or muscle weakness, and inherited myopathies. Tubular aggregates are derived from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (Salviati et al., 1985) and are believed to represent an adaptive mechanism aimed at regulating an increased intracellular level of calcium in order to prevent the muscle fibers from hypercontraction and necrosis (Martin et al., 1997; Muller et al., 2001). Genetic Heterogeneity of Tubular Aggregate MyopathySee also TAM2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ORAI1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 12q24.

MYOPATHY, TUBULAR AGGREGATE, 1; TAM1 Is also known as tubular aggregate myopathy|myopathy, tubular aggregate|tam

• Muscle weakness
• Ptosis
• Flexion contracture
• Dysarthria
• Fatigue

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Congenital myasthenic syndrome associated with AChR deficiency is a disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction (NMJ) clinically characterized by early-onset muscle weakness with variable severity. Electrophysiologic studies show low amplitude of the miniature endplate potential (MEPP) and current (MEPC) resulting from deficiency of AChR at the endplate. Patients with mutations in the CHRNE gene may have compensatory increased expression of the fetal subunit CHRNG (OMIM ) and may respond to treatment with cholinergic agents, pyridostigmine, or amifampridine (summary by Engel et al., 2015).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of CMS, see CMS1A (OMIM ).

MYASTHENIC SYNDROME, CONGENITAL, 4C, ASSOCIATED WITH ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR DEFICIENCY; CMS4C Is also known as cms id, formerly|myasthenia, familial infantile, 1, formerly|myasthenic syndrome, congenital, type id|cms1d, formerly|fim1, formerly

• Generalized hypotonia
• Strabismus
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia
• Ptosis

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Glycogen storage disease VII is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized clinically by exercise intolerance, muscle cramping, exertional myopathy, and compensated hemolysis. Myoglobinuria may also occur. The deficiency of the muscle isoform of PFK results in a total and partial loss of muscle and red cell PFK activity, respectively. Raben and Sherman (1995) noted that not all patients with GSD VII seek medical care because in some cases it is a relatively mild disorder.

GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE DUE TO GLYCOGEN BRANCHING ENZYME DEFICIENCY, FATAL PERINATAL NEUROMUSCULAR FORM Is also known as gsd due to glycogen branching enzyme deficiency, fatal perinatal neuromuscular form|glycogenosis type iv, fatal perinatal neuromuscular form|tarui disease|glycogenosis type 4, fatal perinatal neuromuscular form|gsd vii|gbe deficiency, fatal perinatal neur

• Seizures
• Muscle weakness
• Pain
• Anemia
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Autosomal dominant dopa-responsive dystonia (DYT5a) is a rare neurometabolic disorder characterized by childhood-onset dystonia that shows a dramatic and sustained response to low doses of levodopa (L-dopa) and that may be associated with parkinsonism at an older age.

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT DOPA-RESPONSIVE DYSTONIA Is also known as hpd with marked diurnal fluctuation|gtpch1-deficient dopa-responsive dystonia|gtpch1-deficient drd|dyt5a|hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation|autosomal dominant segawa syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Ataxia
• Hypertension

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

MYOPATHY AND DIABETES MELLITUS Is also known as mitochondrial myopathy, lipid type

• Intellectual disability
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Typical central core disease is a relatively mild congenital myopathy, usually characterized by motor developmental delay and signs of mild proximal weakness most pronounced in the hip girdle musculature. Orthopedic complications, particularly congenital dislocation of the hips and scoliosis, are common, and CCD patients are at risk of having malignant hyperthermia (MHS1 ). Onset of CCD is usually in childhood, although adult onset has also been reported, illustrating phenotypic variability (Jungbluth et al., 2009). Some patients can present in utero or at birth with severe congenital myopathy (Bharucha-Goebel et al., 2013).

CENTRAL CORE DISEASE OF MUSCLE; CCD Is also known as cco

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Muscle weakness

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (HNA) is an autosomal dominant form of recurrent focal neuropathy characterized clinically by acute, recurrent episodes of brachial plexus neuropathy with muscle weakness and atrophy preceded by severe pain in the affected arm.

AMYOTROPHY, HEREDITARY NEURALGIC; HNA Is also known as neuritis with brachial predilection|napb|amyotrophy, hereditary neuralgic, with predilection for brachial plexus|brachial plexus neuropathy, hereditary

• Short stature
• Muscle weakness
• Abnormal facial shape
• Cleft palate
• Pain

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN