Flexion contracture, and Epidermal acanthosis

Keratosis, Nagashima-type is a transgressive and nonprogressive palmoplantar keratoderma resembling a mild form of mal de Meleda (see this term).

PALMOPLANTAR KERATODERMA, NAGASHIMA TYPE Is also known as ppk, nagashima type|palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, nagashima type

• Flexion contracture
• Hyperhidrosis
• Hyperkeratosis
• Erythema
• Palmoplantar keratoderma

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex due to exophilin 5 deficiency is a rare, hereditary, basal epidermolysis bullosa simplex characterized by mild, generalized trauma-induced scale crusts and intermittent blistering, sometimes combined with erosions and bleeding, recovering with slight scarring and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Clinical symptoms improve with age.

EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSA SIMPLEX DUE TO EXOPHILIN 5 DEFICIENCY Is also known as ebs-ar exophilin 5

• Hyperkeratosis
• Abnormality of the nervous system
• Hypopigmentation of the skin
• Abnormal bleeding
• Epidermal acanthosis

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a heterogeneous group of disorders of keratinization characterized primarily by abnormal skin scaling over the whole body. These disorders are limited to skin, with approximately two-thirds of patients presenting severe symptoms. The main skin phenotypes are lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE), although phenotypic overlap within the same patient or among patients from the same family can occur (summary by Fischer, 2009). Neither histopathologic findings nor ultrastructural features clearly distinguish between NCIE and LI. In addition, mutations in several genes have been shown to cause both lamellar and nonbullous ichthyosiform erythrodermal phenotypes (Akiyama et al., 2003). At the First Ichthyosis Consensus Conference in Soreze in 2009, the term 'autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis' (ARCI) was designated to encompass LI, NCIE, and harlequin ichthyosis (ARCI4B ) (Oji et al., 2010).NCIE is characterized by prominent erythroderma and fine white, superficial, semiadherent scales. Most patients present with collodion membrane at birth and have palmoplantar keratoderma, often with painful fissures, digital contractures, and loss of pulp volume. In half of the cases, a nail dystrophy including ridging, subungual hyperkeratosis, or hypoplasia has been described. Ectropion, eclabium, scalp involvement, and loss of eyebrows and lashes seem to be more frequent in NCIE than in lamellar ichthyosis (summary by Fischer et al., 2000). In LI, the scales are large, adherent, dark, and pigmented with no skin erythema. Overlapping phenotypes may depend on the age of the patient and the region of the body. The terminal differentiation of the epidermis is perturbed in both forms, leading to a reduced barrier function and defects of lipid composition in the stratum corneum (summary by Lefevre et al., 2006).In later life, the skin in ARCI may have scales that cover the entire body surface, including the flexural folds, and the scales are highly variable in size and color. Erythema may be very mild and almost invisible. Some affected persons exhibit scarring alopecia, and many have secondary anhidrosis (summary by Eckl et al., 2005).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, see ARCI1 (OMIM ).

ICHTHYOSIS, CONGENITAL, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 8; ARCI8 Is also known as lamellar ichthyosis, late-onset|ichthyosis, lamellar, 4, formerly|li4, formerly

• Flexion contracture
• Alopecia
• Hyperkeratosis
• Erythema
• Scarring

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a heterogeneous group of disorders of keratinization characterized primarily by abnormal skin scaling over the whole body. These disorders are limited to skin, with approximately two-thirds of patients presenting severe symptoms. The main skin phenotypes are lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE), although phenotypic overlap within the same patient or among patients from the same family can occur (summary by Fischer, 2009). Neither histopathologic findings nor ultrastructural features clearly distinguish between NCIE and LI. In addition, mutations in several genes have been shown to cause both lamellar and nonbullous ichthyosiform erythrodermal phenotypes (Akiyama et al., 2003). At the First Ichthyosis Consensus Conference in Soreze in 2009, the term 'autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis' (ARCI) was designated to encompass LI, NCIE, and harlequin ichthyosis (ARCI4B ) (Oji et al., 2010).NCIE is characterized by prominent erythroderma and fine white, superficial, semiadherent scales. Most patients present with collodion membrane at birth and have palmoplantar keratoderma, often with painful fissures, digital contractures, and loss of pulp volume. In half of the cases, a nail dystrophy including ridging, subungual hyperkeratosis, or hypoplasia has been described. Ectropion, eclabium, scalp involvement, and loss of eyebrows and lashes seem to be more frequent in NCIE than in lamellar ichthyosis (summary by Fischer et al., 2000). In LI, the scales are large, adherent, dark, and pigmented with no skin erythema. Overlapping phenotypes may depend on the age of the patient and the region of the body. The terminal differentiation of the epidermis is perturbed in both forms, leading to a reduced barrier function and defects of lipid composition in the stratum corneum (summary by Lefevre et al., 2006).In later life, the skin in ARCI may have scales that cover the entire body surface, including the flexural folds, and the scales are highly variable in size and color. Erythema may be very mild and almost invisible. Some affected persons exhibit scarring alopecia, and many have secondary anhidrosis (summary by Eckl et al., 2005).For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, see ARCI1 (OMIM ).

ICHTHYOSIS, CONGENITAL, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 6; ARCI6 Is also known as ichthyosis, congenital, autosomal recessive, nipal4-related

• Flexion contracture
• Dilatation
• Alopecia
• Hyperkeratosis
• Erythema

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a heterogeneous group of disorders of keratinization characterized primarily by abnormal skin scaling over the whole body. These disorders are limited to skin, with approximately two-thirds of patients presenting severe symptoms. The main skin phenotypes are lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE), although phenotypic overlap within the same patient or among patients from the same family can occur (summary by Fischer, 2009). Neither histopathologic findings nor ultrastructural features clearly distinguish between NCIE and LI. In addition, mutations in several genes have been shown to cause both lamellar and nonbullous ichthyosiform erythrodermal phenotypes (Akiyama et al., 2003). At the First Ichthyosis Consensus Conference in Soreze in 2009, the term 'autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis' (ARCI) was designated to encompass LI, NCIE, and harlequin ichthyosis (ARCI4B ) (Oji et al., 2010).NCIE is characterized by prominent erythroderma and fine white, superficial, semiadherent scales. Most patients present with collodion membrane at birth and have palmoplantar keratoderma, often with painful fissures, digital contractures, and loss of pulp volume. In half of the cases, a nail dystrophy including ridging, subungual hyperkeratosis, or hypoplasia has been described. Ectropion, eclabium, scalp involvement, and loss of eyebrows and lashes seem to be more frequent in NCIE than in lamellar ichthyosis (summary by Fischer et al., 2000). In LI, the scales are large, adherent, dark, and pigmented with no skin erythema. Overlapping phenotypes may depend on the age of the patient and the region of the body. The terminal differentiation of the epidermis is perturbed in both forms, leading to a reduced barrier function and defects of lipid composition in the stratum corneum (summary by Lefevre et al., 2006).In later life, the skin in ARCI may have scales that cover the entire body surface, including the flexural folds, and the scales are highly variable in size and color. Erythema may be very mild and almost invisible. Some affected persons exhibit scarring alopecia, and many have secondary anhidrosis (summary by Eckl et al., 2005).For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, see ARCI1 (OMIM ).

• Flexion contracture
• Alopecia
• Hyperhidrosis
• Hyperkeratosis
• Erythema

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Olmsted syndrome is a rare keratinization disorder characterized by the combination of periorificial keratotic plaques and bilateral palmoplantar transgredient keratoderma. Other clinical manifestations include diffuse alopecia, leukokeratosis of the oral mucosa, onychodystrophy, hyperkeratotic linear streaks, follicular keratosis, and constriction of the digits (summary by Yaghoobi et al., 2007).An autosomal dominant form of Olmsted syndrome (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the TRPV3 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 17p13.

PALMOPLANTAR KERATODERMA, MUTILATING, WITH PERIORIFICIAL KERATOTIC PLAQUES, X-LINKED Is also known as olmsx|olmsted syndrome, x-linked

• Flexion contracture
• Alopecia
• Hyperkeratosis
• Erythema
• Nail dystrophy

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Complete congenital absence of dermatoglyphs is a rare syndrome characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of the lack of ridges on palms and soles, neonatal acral blisters and facial milia, adult traumatic blistering and fissuring, absent or reduced sweating of palms and soles, and contracture of digits. Additional features may include single palmar transverse crease, palmoplantar keratoderma, and nail grooving (summary by Limova et al., 1993).

BASAN SYNDROME Is also known as ectodermal dysplasia, absent dermatoglyphic pattern, changes in nails, and simian crease|adermatoglyphia with congenital facial milia and acral blisters, digital contractures, and nail abnormalities

• Flexion contracture
• Syndactyly
• Clinodactyly
• Hyperhidrosis
• Hyperkeratosis

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a heterogeneous group of disorders of keratinization characterized primarily by abnormal skin scaling over the whole body. These disorders are limited to skin, with approximately two-thirds of patients presenting severe symptoms. The main skin phenotypes are lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE), although phenotypic overlap within the same patient or among patients from the same family can occur (summary by Fischer, 2009). Neither histopathologic findings nor ultrastructural features clearly distinguish between NCIE and LI. In addition, mutations in several genes have been shown to cause both lamellar and nonbullous ichthyosiform erythrodermal phenotypes (Akiyama et al., 2003). At the First Ichthyosis Consensus Conference in Soreze in 2009, the term 'autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis' (ARCI) was designated to encompass LI, NCIE, and harlequin ichthyosis (ARCI4B ) (Oji et al., 2010).NCIE is characterized by prominent erythroderma and fine white, superficial, semiadherent scales. Most patients present with collodion membrane at birth and have palmoplantar keratoderma, often with painful fissures, digital contractures, and loss of pulp volume. In half of the cases, a nail dystrophy including ridging, subungual hyperkeratosis, or hypoplasia has been described. Ectropion, eclabium, scalp involvement, and loss of eyebrows and lashes seem to be more frequent in NCIE than in lamellar ichthyosis (summary by Fischer et al., 2000). In LI, the scales are large, adherent, dark, and pigmented with no skin erythema. Overlapping phenotypes may depend on the age of the patient and the region of the body. The terminal differentiation of the epidermis is perturbed in both forms, leading to a reduced barrier function and defects of lipid composition in the stratum corneum (summary by Lefevre et al., 2006).In later life, the skin in ARCI may have scales that cover the entire body surface, including the flexural folds, and the scales are highly variable in size and color. Erythema may be very mild and almost invisible. Some affected persons exhibit scarring alopecia, and many have secondary anhidrosis (summary by Eckl et al., 2005).For a general phenotypic description and discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, see ARCI1 (OMIM ).

ICHTHYOSIS, CONGENITAL, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 5; ARCI5 Is also known as ichthyosis congenita iii|ichthyosis, lamellar, 3, formerly|li3, formerly|nnci|ichthyosis, nonlamellar and nonerythrodermic, congenital, autosomal recessive

• Flexion contracture
• Renal insufficiency
• Alopecia
• Hyperkeratosis
• Erythema

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Self-healing collodion baby (SHCB) is a minor variant of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI; see this term) characterized by the presence of a collodion membrane at birth that heals within the first weeks of life.

SELF-IMPROVING COLLODION BABY Is also known as shcb|self-improving congenital ichthyosis|self-healing collodion baby|ichthyosis congenita|desquamation of newborn|sici|collodion fetus|icr2|ichthyosis congenita ii|ichthyosis, lamellar, 1, formerly|li1, formerly|lamellar exfoliation of newborn|collodion

• Failure to thrive
• Flexion contracture
• Visual loss
• Alopecia
• Hyperhidrosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Nevus comedonicus (NC) is a rare type of epidermal nevus with predilection for the face and neck area. The condition develops within the first decade of life in most patients. NC is characterized by dilated, plugged follicular ostia containing lamellar keratinaceous material and grouped in a honeycomb pattern; the distribution of lesions may be unilateral, bilateral, linear, interrupted, segmental, or along the lines of Blaschko. NC may be nonpyogenic with an acne-like appearance or associated with the formation of cysts, papules, pustules, and abscesses. Histologically, the lesions are large, grouped, dilated follicular ostia devoid of hair shafts but filled with keratin layers (summary by Tchernev et al., 2013).

• Seizures
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis
• Cataract
• Alopecia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN