Edema, and Inguinal hernia

• Ventricular septal defect
• Edema
• Atrial septal defect
• Hernia
• Inguinal hernia

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, Al-Gazali type is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (see this term), macrocephaly and facial dysmorphism.

MULTIPLE EPIPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA, AL-GAZALI TYPE Is also known as multiple epiphyseal dysplasia-macrocephaly-distinctive facies syndrome|macrocephaly with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia and distinctive facies|mmedf

• Hypertelorism
• Abnormal facial shape
• Low-set ears
• Motor delay
• Macrocephaly

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

The term achondrogenesis has been used to characterize the most severe forms of chondrodysplasia in humans, invariably lethal before or shortly after birth. Achondrogenesis type I is a severe chondrodystrophy characterized radiographically by deficient ossification in the lumbar vertebrae and absent ossification in the sacral, pubic and ischial bones and clinically by stillbirth or early death (Maroteaux and Lamy, 1968; Langer et al., 1969). In addition to severe micromelia, there is a disproportionately large cranium due to marked edema of soft tissues. Classification of AchondrogenesisAchondrogenesis was traditionally divided into 2 types: type I (Parenti-Fraccaro) and type II (Langer-Saldino). Borochowitz et al. (1988) suggested that achondrogenesis type I of Parenti-Fraccaro should be classified into 2 distinct disorders: type IA (ACG1A ), corresponding to the cases originally published by Houston et al. (1972) and Harris et al. (1972), and type IB, corresponding to the case originally published by Fraccaro (1952). Analysis of the case reported by Parenti (1936) by Borochowitz et al. (1988) suggested the diagnosis of achondrogenesis type II, i.e., the Langer-Saldino type (OMIM ). Type IA would be classified as lethal achondrogenesis, Houston-Harris type; type IB, lethal achondrogenesis, Fraccaro type; and type II, lethal achondrogenesis-hypochondrogenesis, Langer-Saldino type. Superti-Furga (1996) suggested that hypochondrogenesis should be considered separately from achondrogenesis type II because the phenotype can be much milder.

ACHONDROGENESIS, TYPE IB; ACG1B Is also known as achondrogenesis, fraccaro type

• Micrognathia
• Macrocephaly
• Frontal bossing
• Anteverted nares
• Respiratory insufficiency

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII) is a very rare lysosomal storage disease belonging to the group of mucopolysaccharidoses.

MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE 7 Is also known as mpsvii|beta-glucuronidase deficiency|sly disease|mucopolysaccharidosis type vii|mps7

• Intellectual disability
• Scoliosis
• Muscular hypotonia
• Short neck
• Splenomegaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

The term achondrogenesis has been used to characterize the most severe forms of chondrodysplasia in humans, invariably lethal before or shortly after birth. Achondrogenesis type I is a severe chondrodystrophy characterized radiographically by deficient ossification in the lumbar vertebrae and absent ossification in the sacral, pubic and ischial bones and clinically by stillbirth or early death (Maroteaux and Lamy, 1968; Langer et al., 1969). In addition to severe micromelia, there is a disproportionately large cranium due to marked edema of soft tissues. Classification of AchondrogenesisAchondrogenesis was traditionally divided into 2 types: type I (Parenti-Fraccaro) and type II (Langer-Saldino). Borochowitz et al. (1988) suggested that achondrogenesis type I of Parenti-Fraccaro should be classified into 2 distinct disorders: type IA, corresponding to the cases originally published by Houston et al. (1972) and Harris et al. (1972), and type IB (OMIM ), corresponding to the case originally published by Fraccaro (1952). Analysis of the case reported by Parenti (1936) by Borochowitz et al. (1988) suggested the diagnosis of achondrogenesis type II, i.e., the Langer-Saldino type (OMIM ). Type IA would be classified as lethal achondrogenesis, Houston-Harris type; type IB, lethal achondrogenesis, Fraccaro type; and type II, lethal achondrogenesis-hypochondrogenesis, Langer-Saldino type. Superti-Furga (1996) suggested that hypochondrogenesis should be considered separately from achondrogenesis type II because the phenotype can be much milder. Genetic Heterogeneity of AchondrogenesisAchondrogenesis type IB (ACG1B ) is caused by mutation in the DTDST gene (OMIM ), and achondrogenesis type II (ACG2 ) is caused by mutation in the COL2A1 gene (OMIM ).

ACHONDROGENESIS, TYPE IA; ACG1A Is also known as achondrogenesis, houston-harris type

• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate
• Depressed nasal bridge
• Macrocephaly
• Frontal bossing

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Arhinia-choanal atresia-microphthalmia is a malformation disorder characterized by complete or incomplete absence of nose (arrhinia), choanal atresia, microphthalmia, anophthalmia and cleft or high palate.

ARRHINIA-CHOANAL ATRESIA-MICROPHTHALMIA SYNDROME Is also known as arhinia, choanal atresia, microphthalmia, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

• Hearing impairment
• Hypertelorism
• Cleft palate
• Cataract
• Cryptorchidism

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Growth delay
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Cutis laxa is a collection of disorders that are typified by loose and/or wrinkled skin that imparts a prematurely aged appearance. Face, hands, feet, joints, and torso may be differentially affected. The skin lacks elastic recoil, in marked contrast to the hyperelasticity apparent in classic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (see {130000}). These properties are nearly always attributable to loss, fragmentation, or severe disorganization of dermal elastic fibers (summary by Davidson and Giro, 2002).Patients with autosomal recessive cutis laxa type IC exhibit generalized cutis laxa in association with impaired pulmonary, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, and dermal development (summary by Callewaert et al., 2013).For general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive cutis laxa, see ARCL1A (OMIM ).

CUTIS LAXA WITH SEVERE PULMONARY, GASTROINTESTINAL AND URINARY ANOMALIES Is also known as urban-rifkin-davis syndrome|arcl1c|autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 1c|urds|cutis laxa with severe pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and urinary abnormalities

• Generalized hypotonia
• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Depressed nasal bridge

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Brittle cornea syndrome is a form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by a severe ocular manifestations due to extreme corneal thinning and fragility with rupture in the absence of significant trauma, and progression to blindness. Extraocular manifestations comprise deafness, developmental hip dysplasia, and joint hypermobility.

• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Cleft palate
• High palate

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) form a heterogeneous group of hereditary connective tissue diseases characterized by joint hyperlaxity, cutaneous hyperelasticity and tissue fragility.

EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME, PERIODONTITIS TYPE Is also known as ehlers-danlos syndrome, periodontitis type|ehlers-danlos syndrome, periodontosis type|ehlers-danlos syndrome, type viii|ehlers-danlos syndrome type 8|eds viii|eds8

• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Neoplasm
• Micrognathia
• Pain

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN