Depressed nasal bridge, and Apnea

Zellweger syndrome (ZS) is an autosomal recessive multiple congenital anomaly syndrome resulting from disordered peroxisome biogenesis. Affected children present in the newborn period with profound hypotonia, seizures, and inability to feed. Characteristic craniofacial anomalies, eye abnormalities, neuronal migration defects, hepatomegaly, and chondrodysplasia punctata are present. Children with this condition do not show any significant development and usually die in the first year of life (summary by Steinberg et al., 2006).For a complete phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Zellweger syndrome, see {214100}.Individuals with PBDs of complementation group 13 (CG13, equivalent to CGH) have mutations in the PEX13 gene. For information on the history of PBD complementation groups, see {214100}.

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Failure to thrive
• Depressed nasal bridge

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Short stature
• Abnormal facial shape
• Depressed nasal bridge
• Hepatomegaly
• Brachydactyly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

AHDC1-related intellectual disability-obstructive sleep apnea-mild dysmorphism syndrome is a rare, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by hypotonia, developmetal delay, absent or severly delayed speech development, intellectual disability, obstructive sleep apnea, mild dysmorphic facial features and behavioral abnormalities. Epilepsy, ataxia and nystagmus have also been reported.

AHDC1-RELATED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA-MILD DYSMORPHISM SYNDROME Is also known as mrd25|xia-gibbs syndrome|mental retardation, autosomal dominant 25

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

OROFACIODIGITAL SYNDROME XVI; OFD16 Is also known as oral-facial-digital syndrome, type xvi|ofds xvi

• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Muscular hypotonia
• Ptosis

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Congenital glutamine deficiency is a severe autosomal recessive disorder characterized by onset at birth of encephalopathy, lack of normal development, seizures, and hypotonia associated with variable brain abnormalities (summary by Haberle et al., 2011).

CONGENITAL BRAIN DYSGENESIS DUE TO GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY Is also known as glutamine synthase deficiency, congenital systemic|inherited gs deficiency|inherited glutamine synthetase deficiency

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Muscular hypotonia
• Low-set ears

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Crisponi/cold-induced sweating syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized in the neonatal period by orofacial weakness with impaired sucking and swallowing resulting in poor feeding necessitating medical intervention. Affected infants show a tendency to startle, with contractions of the facial muscles in response to tactile stimuli or during crying, trismus, abundant salivation, and opisthotonus. During the first year, most infants have spiking fevers. These features, referred to as 'Crisponi syndrome' in infancy, can result in early death without advanced care. After the first 2 years, the abnormal muscle contractions and fevers abate, and most patients show normal psychomotor development. From childhood onward, the most disabling symptoms stem from impaired thermoregulation and disabling abnormal sweating, which can be treated with clonidine. Patients have hyperhidrosis, mainly of the upper body, in response to cold temperatures, and sweat very little with heat. Other features include characteristic facial anomalies, such as round face, chubby cheeks, micrognathia, high-arched palate, low-set ears, and depressed nasal bridge, dental decay, camptodactyly, and progressive kyphoscoliosis (summary by Hahn et al., 2010).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Crisponi/cold-induced sweating syndrome, see CISS1 (OMIM ).

• Scoliosis
• Micrognathia
• Muscle weakness
• Pain
• Low-set ears

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 7 (PCH7) is a novel very rare form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia (see this term) with unknown etiology and poor prognosis reported in four patients and is characterized clinically during the neonatal period by hypotonia, no palpable gonads, micropenis and from infancy by progressive microcephaly, apneic episodes, poor feeding, seizures and regression of penis. MRI demonstrates a pontocerebellar hypoplasia. PCH7 is expressed as PCH with 46,XY disorder of sex development (see this term) in individuals with XY karyotype, and may be expressed as PCH only in individuals with XX karyotype.

PONTOCEREBELLAR HYPOPLASIA TYPE 7 Is also known as pontocerebellar hypoplasia-46,xy disorder of sex development syndrome|pch7

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Severe achondroplasia-developmental delay-acanthosis nigricans syndrome is characterised by the association of severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans. It has been described in four unrelated individuals. Structural central nervous system anomalies, seizures and hearing loss were also reported, together with bowing of the clavicle, femur, tibia and fibula in some cases. The syndrome is caused by a Lys650Met substitution in the kinase domain of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (encoded by the FGFR3 gene; 4p16.3).

SEVERE ACHONDROPLASIA-DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY-ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS SYNDROME Is also known as saddan|saddan dysplasia

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Scheie syndrome is the mildest form of mucopolysaccharidosis type 1 (MPS1; see this term), a rare lysosomal storage disease, characterized by skeletal deformities and a delay in motor development.

SCHEIE SYNDROME Is also known as mps v, formerly|mucopolysaccharidosis type 1s|mps5, formerly|mps1-s|mps1s|mucopolysaccharidosis type v, formerly|mpsis|mucopolysaccharidosis type is

• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Visual impairment
• Depressed nasal bridge
• Hepatomegaly
• Abnormality of the skeletal system

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN