Cryptorchidism, and Sepsis

Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) is a rare congenital disease characterized by massive abdominal distension caused by a largely dilated non-obstructed urinary bladder (megacystis), microcolon and decreased or absent intestinal peristalsis.

MEGACYSTIS-MICROCOLON-INTESTINAL HYPOPERISTALSIS SYNDROME Is also known as mmihs|megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis-hydronephrosis syndrome|berdon syndrome

• Cryptorchidism
• Abnormality of cardiovascular system morphology
• Polyhydramnios
• Umbilical hernia
• Nausea and vomiting

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

The urofacial syndrome (UFS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by a severe and early-onset form of dysfunctional urinary voiding. Affected individuals usually present prenatally or in early childhood with grossly distorted renal tracts, comprising dysmorphic bladders and dilatation of the ureter and renal pelvis. They are at high risk of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), with ascending bacterial infection leading to kidney damage, hypertension, and renal failure. One-third of UFS children also experience constipation or fecal soiling, suggesting that the pathophysiology of the syndrome encompasses a broader functional impairment of elimination. In addition, affected individuals have a characteristic facial grimace when trying to smile (summary by Daly et al., 2010). Genetic Heterogeneity of Urofacial SyndromeUrofacial syndrome-2 (UFS2 ) is caused by mutation in the LRIG2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 1p13.

UROFACIAL SYNDROME 1; UFS1 Is also known as facial palsy, partial, with urinary abnormalities|ochoa syndrome|hydronephrosis with peculiar facial expression|urofacial syndrome|inverted smile and occult neuropathic bladder|ufs

• Abnormal facial shape
• Pain
• Cryptorchidism
• Hypertension
• Fever

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Congenital chronic diarrhea with protein-losing enteropathy is a rare, genetic, intestinal disease characterized by early-onset, chronic, non-infectious, non-bloody, watery diarrhea associated with protein-losing enteropathy which results in hypoalbuminemia, hypogammaglobulinemia and elevated stool alpha-1-antitrypsin. Patients typically present severe, intractable diarrhea, failure to thrive, recurrent infections and edema.

CONGENITAL CHRONIC DIARRHEA WITH PROTEIN-LOSING ENTEROPATHY Is also known as congenital chronic diarrhea with exudative enteropathy

• Pain
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Acidosis
• Metabolic acidosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

The Immunodeficiency, Centromeric region instability, Facial anomalies syndrome (ICF) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by immunodeficiency, although B cells are present, and by characteristic rearrangements in the vicinity of the centromeres (the juxtacentromeric heterochromatin) of chromosomes 1 and 16 and sometimes 9.

ICF SYNDROME Is also known as centromeric instability, immunodeficiency syndrome|immune deficiency, variable, with centromeric instability of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16|ciid|immunodeficiency-centromeric instability-facial anomalies syndrome|immunodeficiency syndrome, variable

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive cutis laxa type IID (ARCL2D) is characterized by generalized skin wrinkling with sparse subcutaneous fat and dysmorphic progeroid facial features. Most patients also exhibit severe hypotonia as well as cardiovascular and neurologic involvement (summary by Van Damme et al., 2017).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal recessive cutis laxa, see ARCL1A (OMIM ).

• Seizures
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

MIRAGE syndrome is a form of syndromic adrenal hypoplasia, characterized by myelodysplasia, infection, restriction of growth, adrenal hypoplasia, genital phenotypes, and enteropathy. The condition is often fatal within the first decade of life, usually as a result of invasive infection (Narumi et al., 2016).

MIRAGE SYNDROME Is also known as myelodysplasia-infection-restriction of growth-adrenal hypoplasia-genital anomalies-enteropathy syndrome|myelodysplasia-infection-restriction of growth-adrenal hypoplasia-genital phenotypes-enteropathy syndrome|myelodysplasia, infection, restriction of gr

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Cryptorchidism

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Menkes disease (MD) is a usually severe multisystemic disorder of copper metabolism, characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and marked connective tissue anomalies as well as typical sparse abnormal steely hair.

MENKES DISEASE Is also known as steely hair syndrome|md|trichopoliodystrophy|mnk|menkes syndrome|steely hair disease|copper transport disease|mk|kinky hair syndrome|x-linked copper deficiency|kinky hair disease

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, kyphoscoliotic type (EDKT) is a form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome characterized by severe hypotonia and kyphoscoliosis at birth, generalized joint hyperextensibility and ocular globe fragility.

EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME, KYPHOSCOLIOTIC TYPE Is also known as eds vi|eds6|ehlers-danlos syndrome, oculoscoliotic type|ehlers-danlos syndrome, ocular-scoliotic type|eds, oculoscoliotic type|eds6a, formerly|nevo syndrome|eds via|ehlers-danlos syndrome, type vi|ehlers-danlos syndrome, type via, formerly|eds, kyphoscoli

• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Muscle weakness
• Muscular hypotonia
• Cryptorchidism

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (HHS) is a very rare X-linked recessive disorder considered to be a severe variant of dyskeratosis congenita (see this term) characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, microcephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, progressive combined immune deficiency and aplastic anemia.

HOYERAAL-HREIDARSSON SYNDROME Is also known as progressive pancytopenia-immunodeficiency-cerebellar hypoplasia syndrome|zinsser-cole-engman syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN