Cryptorchidism, and Psychosis

Medium match NORRIE DISEASE

Norrie disease (ND) is a rare X-linked genetic vitreoretinal condition characterized by abnormal retinal development with congenital blindness. Common associated manifestations include sensorineural hearing loss and developmental delay, intellectual disability and/or behavioral disorders.

NORRIE DISEASE Is also known as episkopi blindness|norrie-warburg disease|atrophia bulborum hereditaria

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match PROXIMAL 16P11.2 MICRODELETION SYNDROME

The proximal 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome is a chromosomal anomaly characterized by developmental and language delays, mild intellectual disability, social impairments (autism spectrum disorders), mild variable dysmorphism and predisposition to obesity.

PROXIMAL 16P11.2 MICRODELETION SYNDROME Is also known as proximal del(16)(p11.2)|proximal monosomy 16p11.2

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Medium match KLEEFSTRA SYNDROME 1; KLEFS1

Submicroscopic subtelomeric deletions of chromosome 9q are associated with a recognizable mental retardation syndrome (Harada et al., 2004; Iwakoshi et al., 2004; Stewart et al., 2004; Neas et al., 2005). Common features in patients with 9q subtelomeric deletion syndrome are severe mental retardation, hypotonia, brachy(micro)cephaly, epileptic seizures, flat face with hypertelorism, synophrys, anteverted nares, everted lower lip, carp mouth with macroglossia, and heart defects. Genetic Heterogeneity of Kleefstra SyndromeKLEFS2 (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the KMT2C gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 7q36.

KLEEFSTRA SYNDROME 1; KLEFS1 Is also known as chromosome 9q34.3 deletion syndrome|9q subtelomeric deletion syndrome|9q- syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME; PWS

Prader-Willi syndrome is characterized by diminished fetal activity, obesity, muscular hypotonia, mental retardation, short stature, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and small hands and feet. It can be considered to be an autosomal dominant disorder and is caused by deletion or disruption of a gene or several genes on the proximal long arm of the paternal chromosome 15 or maternal uniparental disomy 15, because the gene(s) on the maternal chromosome(s) 15 are virtually inactive through imprinting. Horsthemke and Wagstaff (2008) provided a detailed review of the mechanisms of imprinting of the Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome (OMIM ) region.See also the chromosome 15q11-q13 duplication syndrome (OMIM ), which shows overlapping clinical features.

PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME; PWS Is also known as prader-labhart-willi syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-FEEDING DIFFICULTIES-DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY-MICROCEPHALY SYNDROME

Intellectual disability-feeding difficulties-developmental delay-microcephaly syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by borderline to severe intellectual disability, global development delay, feeding difficulties, microcephaly, short stature and mild facial dysmorphism, including thick eyebrows, long eyelashes, prominent incisors and/or thin upper lip. Other associated features may include hypermetropia with or without esotropia, behavioral anomallies (e.g. autistic behavior, sleeping disturbances), urogenital abnormalities (e.g. crytorchidism, inguinal hernia), single palmar crease, fifth-finger clinodactyly and cardiac defects (e.g. ASD, PDA).

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match X-LINKED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-PSYCHOSIS-MACROORCHIDISM SYNDROME

X-linked intellectual disability-psychosis-macroorchidism syndrome is characterised by the association of moderate intellectual deficit with manic-depressive psychosis, pyramidal signs and macroorchidism. It has been described in 10 males. The syndrome is transmitted as an X-linked trait and has been associated with a mutation in the MECP2 gene, localised to segment 28 of the long arm of the X chromosome (Xq28).

X-LINKED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-PSYCHOSIS-MACROORCHIDISM SYNDROME Is also known as lindsay-burn syndrome|mental retardation, x-linked 79|mrx79|ppmx|mental retardation, x-linked, with spasticity|mrx16|ppm-x|mental retardation with psychosis, pyramidal signs, and macroorchidism|mental retardation, x-linked 16

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match X-LINKED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY WITH MARFANOID HABITUS

The Lujan-Fryns syndrome or X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) with marfanoid habitus syndrome is a syndromic X-linked form of intellectual disability, associated with tall, marfanoid stature, distinct facial dysmorphism and behavioral problems.

X-LINKED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY WITH MARFANOID HABITUS Is also known as lujan syndrome|mental retardation, x-linked, with marfanoid habitus|lujan-fryns syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Low match WOLFRAM SYNDROME 1; WFS1

Wolfram syndrome-1 is a rare and severe autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, diabetes insipidus, and deafness (DIDMOAD). Additional clinical features may include renal abnormalities, ataxia, dementia or mental retardation, and diverse psychiatric illnesses. The minimal diagnostic criteria for Wolfram syndrome are optic atrophy and diabetes mellitus of juvenile onset. Hearing impairment in Wolfram syndrome is typically progressive and mainly affects the higher frequencies, but a small fraction of affected individuals have congenital deafness (summary by Rendtorff et al., 2011).Autosomal dominant mutations in the WFS1 gene have been found to cause low-frequency nonsyndromic deafness (OMIM ) as well as a Wolfram syndrome-like phenotype (OMIM ) in which affected individuals have hearing impairment with diabetes mellitus and/or optic atrophy. Genetic Heterogeneity of Wolfram SyndromeWolfram syndrome-2 (WFS2 ) is caused by mutation in the CISD2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 4q24.

WOLFRAM SYNDROME 1; WFS1 Is also known as diabetes insipidus and mellitus with optic atrophy and deafness|wfs|didmoad

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Hearing impairment
• Ataxia
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match WOODHOUSE-SAKATI SYNDROME

Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome is a multisystemic disorder characterized by hypogonadism, alopecia, diabetes mellitus, intellectual deficit and extrapyramidal signs with choreoathetoid movements and dystonia.

WOODHOUSE-SAKATI SYNDROME Is also known as hypogonadism, alopecia, diabetes mellitus, mental retardation, deafness, and extrapyramidal syndrome|extrapyramidal disorder, progressive, with primary hypogonadism, mental retardation, and alopecia|diabetes-hypogonadism-deafness-intellectual disability s

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Low match ASPARTYLGLUCOSAMINURIA; AGU

Aspartylglucosaminuria is a severe autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder that involves the central nervous system and causes skeletal abnormalities as well as connective tissue lesions. The most characteristic feature is progressive mental retardation. The disorder is caused by deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme glycosylasparaginase, which results in body fluid and tissue accumulation of a series of glycoasparagines, i.e., glycoconjugates with an aspartylglucosamine moiety at the reducing end. AGU belongs to the group of disorders commonly referred to as the Finnish disease heritage (summary by Mononen et al., 1993 and Arvio and Arvio, 2002).

ASPARTYLGLUCOSAMINURIA; AGU Is also known as glycoasparaginase|aga deficiency|aspartylglucosaminidase deficiency|aspartylglycosaminuria|glycosylasparaginase deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN