In the following list you will find some of the most common rare diseases related to Cryptorchidism and Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy that can help you solving undiagnosed cases.
Arhinia-choanal atresia-microphthalmia is a malformation disorder characterized by complete or incomplete absence of nose (arrhinia), choanal atresia, microphthalmia, anophthalmia and cleft or high palate.
ARRHINIA-CHOANAL ATRESIA-MICROPHTHALMIA SYNDROME Is also known as arhinia, choanal atresia, microphthalmia, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
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SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN
More info about ARRHINIA-CHOANAL ATRESIA-MICROPHTHALMIA SYNDROMEMosaic variegated aneuploidy is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by mosaic aneuploidies, predominantly trisomies and monosomies, involving multiple different chromosomes and tissues. The proportion of aneuploid cells varies but is usually more than 25% and is substantially greater than in normal individuals. Affected individuals typically present with severe intrauterine growth retardation and microcephaly. Eye anomalies, mild dysmorphism, variable developmental delay, and a broad spectrum of additional congenital abnormalities and medical conditions may also occur. The risk of malignancy is high, with rhabdomyosarcoma, Wilms tumor, and leukemia reported in several cases (summary by Hanks et al., 2004).
MOSAIC VARIEGATED ANEUPLOIDY SYNDROME 1; MVA1 Is also known as mva syndrome
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Congenital muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy with brain and eye anomalies (type A) is a autosomal recessive disorder associated with severe neurologic defects and resulting in early infantile death. The phenotype includes the alternative clinical designations Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS) and muscle-eye-brain disease (MEB). The disorder represents the most severe end of a phenotypic spectrum of similar disorders resulting from defective glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1 ), collectively known as dystroglycanopathies (summary by Buysse et al., 2013).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy type A, see MDDGA1 (OMIM ).
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (CONGENITAL WITH BRAIN AND EYE ANOMALIES), TYPE A, 13; MDDGA13 Is also known as walker-warburg syndrome or muscle-eye-brain disease, b3gnt1-related
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Congenital adrenal hypoplasia (AHC) is a rare disorder that can be inherited in an X-linked or autosomal recessive (see {240200}) pattern. In X-linked AHC, primary adrenocortical failure occurs because the adrenal glands lack the permanent adult cortical zone. The remaining cells are termed 'cytomegalic' because they are larger than typical fetal adrenal cells (Hay et al., 1981; Reutens et al., 1999).Patients with AHC usually present in early infancy with primary adrenal failure. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HHG) is a hallmark of the disorder, and is recognized during adolescence because of the absence or interruption of normal pubertal development. Abnormal spermatogenesis has also been observed in these patients. Milder forms of the disease have been described, with adrenal insufficiency sometimes occurring in childhood or even early adulthood. A few cases of partial HHG have been reported (summary by Raffin-Sanson et al., 2013). Transient precocious sexual development in infancy or early childhood can be a prominent feature of AHC (Landau et al., 2010).A contiguous gene syndrome involving a combination of congenital adrenal hypoplasia, glycerol kinase deficiency (OMIM ), and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD ) is caused by deletion of multiple genes on chromosome Xp21 (see {300679}).
CYTOMEGALIC CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPOPLASIA Is also known as ahch|cytomegalic adrenocortical hypoplasia|x-linked congenital adrenal hypoplasia|adrenal hypoplasia, congenital, with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism|ahc with isolated gonadotropin deficiency|addison disease, x-linked|ahx|ahc with hhg
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SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN
More info about CYTOMEGALIC CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPOPLASIAFrancke et al. (1987) noted that there are 3 clinically distinct forms of glycerol kinase deficiency: infantile, juvenile, and adult. The infantile form is associated with severe developmental delay, and those with the adult form have no symptoms and are often detected fortuitously.The infantile form of GK deficiency, or the 'GK complex,' results from the Xp21 contiguous gene deletion syndrome (OMIM ) with congenital adrenal hypoplasia (OMIM ) and/or Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD ), whereas the juvenile and adult forms have isolated GK deficiency (Walker et al., 1996).
GLYCEROL KINASE DEFICIENCY; GKD Is also known as gk deficiency|hyperglycerolemia|gk1 deficiency
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SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN
More info about GLYCEROL KINASE DEFICIENCY; GKDCONGENITAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-RESPIRATORY FAILURE-SKIN ABNORMALITIES-JOINT HYPERLAXITY SYNDROME Is also known as congenital muscular dystrophy, davignon-chauveau type
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SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN
More info about CONGENITAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-RESPIRATORY FAILURE-SKIN ABNORMALITIES-JOINT HYPERLAXITY SYNDROMEIMAGe syndrome is characterized by the association of Intrauterine growth retardation, Metaphyseal dysplasia (and short limbs), Adrenal hypoplasia congenita, and Genital anomalies. It has been described in less than 20 cases. The patients also present with dysmorphic features (frontal bossing, broad nasal bridge, low-set ears). In boys, genital anomalies include bilateral cryptorchidism, hypospadias, micropenis, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This syndrome is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.
IMAGE SYNDROME Is also known as intrauterine growth retardation-metaphyseal dysplasia-adrenal hypoplasia congenita-genital anomalies syndrome|image syndrome
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SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN
More info about IMAGE SYNDROMEMDDGB2 is an autosomal recessive congenital muscular dystrophy associated with mental retardation and mild structural brain abnormalities (Yanagisawa et al., 2007). It is part of a group of similar disorders, collectively known as 'dystroglycanopathies,' resulting from defective glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1 ) (Godfrey et al., 2007).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of congenital muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy type B, see MDDGB1 (OMIM ).
MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (CONGENITAL WITH MENTAL RETARDATION), TYPE B, 2; MDDGB2 Is also known as muscular dystrophy, congenital, pomt2-related
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Congenital fiber-type disproportion (CFTD) myopathy is a genetically heterogeneous disorder in which there is relative hypotrophy of type 1 muscle fibers compared to type 2 fibers on skeletal muscle biopsy. However, these findings are not specific and can be found in many different myopathic and neuropathic conditions. Clarke and North (2003) stated that the diagnosis of 'congenital fiber-type disproportion' as a disease entity is one of exclusion. They also suggested that the nonspecific histologic findings should be termed 'fiber size disproportion,' thus reserving the term CFTD for those cases in which no secondary cause can be found.
MYOPATHY, CONGENITAL, WITH FIBER-TYPE DISPROPORTION; CFTD Is also known as cftdm|fiber-type disproportion myopathy, congenital
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Malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS), a skeletal muscle disorder most often inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, is one of the main causes of death due to anesthesia. In susceptible people, a malignant hyperthermia episode is triggered by exposure to commonly used volatile anesthetic agents such as halothane or depolarizing muscle relaxants such as succinyl choline. A fulminant MH crisis is characterized by any combination of hyperthermia, skeletal muscle rigidity, tachycardia or arrhythmia, respiratory and metabolic acidosis, and rhabdomyolysis. Except for this susceptibility to triggering agents, MHS patients are not clinically distinguishable from the general population (summary by Monnier et al., 1997).
MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1; MHS1 Is also known as mhs|hyperthermia of anesthesia|mh|hyperpyrexia, malignant
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Symptoms // Phenotype | % cases |
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Muscular dystrophy | Very Common - Between 80% and 100% cases |
Global developmental delay | Common - Between 50% and 80% cases |
Generalized hypotonia | Common - Between 50% and 80% cases |
Low-set ears | Uncommon - Between 30% and 50% cases |
Myopathy | Uncommon - Between 30% and 50% cases |
Patients with Cryptorchidism and Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. may also develop some of the following symptoms:
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