Cryptorchidism, and Delayed puberty

High match CRYPTORCHIDISM, UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL

Cryptorchidism, or failure of testicular descent, is a common human congenital abnormality with a multifactorial etiology that likely reflects the involvement of endocrine, environmental, and hereditary factors. Cryptorchidism can result in infertility and increases risk for testicular tumors. Testicular descent from abdomen to scrotum occurs in 2 distinct phases: the transabdominal phase and the inguinoscrotal phase (summary by Gorlov et al., 2002).

CRYPTORCHIDISM, UNILATERAL OR BILATERAL Is also known as undescended testis

• Cryptorchidism
• Hypogonadism
• Abnormality of the kidney
• Infertility
• Renal agenesis

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM 12 WITH OR WITHOUT ANOSMIA; HH12

Congenital idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism can be caused by an isolated defect in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH ) release, action, or both. Other associated nonreproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss, occur with variable frequency. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism has been called 'Kallmann syndrome (KS),' whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed 'normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH)' (summary by Raivio et al., 2007). Because families have been found to segregate both KS and nIHH, the disorder is here referred to as 'hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with or without anosmia (HH).'For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with or without anosmia, see {147950}.

HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM 12 WITH OR WITHOUT ANOSMIA; HH12 Is also known as figd|eunuchoidism, familial hypogonadotropic|gonadotropin deficiency, familial idiopathic

• Hearing impairment
• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Cleft palate
• Cryptorchidism
• Hypogonadism

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match 46,XY DISORDER OF SEX DEVELOPMENT DUE TO ISOLATED 17,20-LYASE DEFICIENCY

46,XY disorder of sex development due to isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency is a rare disorder of sex development due to reduced 17,20-lyase activity that affects individuals with 46,XY karyotype and is characterized by ambiguous external genitalia, including micropenis, perineal hypospadias, bifid scrotum, cryptorchidism, and a blind vaginal pouch. Blood pressure and electrolytes are normal whilst hormonal investigations show normal basal and stimulated levels of cortisol, and low basal and stimulated androgen levels.

• Short stature
• Failure to thrive
• Cryptorchidism
• Hypospadias
• Delayed skeletal maturation

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match 46,XY PARTIAL GONADAL DYSGENESIS

46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis (46,XY PGD) is a disorder of sex development (DSD) associated with anomalies in gonadal development that results in genital ambiguity of variable degree ranging from almost female phenotype to almost male phenotype in a patient carrying a male 46,XY karyotype.

46,XY PARTIAL GONADAL DYSGENESIS Is also known as 46,xy partial testicular dysgenesis|46,xy pgd

• Cryptorchidism
• Abnormality of cardiovascular system morphology
• Hypospadias
• Delayed skeletal maturation
• Osteoporosis

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match PITUITARY STALK INTERRUPTION SYNDROME

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a congenital abnormality of the pituitary that is responsible for pituitary deficiency and is usually characterized by the triad of a very thin or interrupted pituitary stalk, an ectopic (or absent) posterior pituitary (EPP) and hypoplasia or aplasia of the anterior pituitary visible on MRI. In some patients the abnormality may be limited to EPP (also called ectopic neurohypophysis) or to an interrupted pituitary stalk.

PITUITARY STALK INTERRUPTION SYNDROME Is also known as psis|ectopic neurohypophysis

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match NORMOSMIC CONGENITAL HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM

NORMOSMIC CONGENITAL HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM Is also known as isolated congenital gonadotropin deficiency|normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism|gonadotropic deficiency|nihh

• Hypertelorism
• Cleft palate
• Cryptorchidism
• Depressed nasal bridge
• Abnormality of the dentition

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match CYTOMEGALIC CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPOPLASIA

Congenital adrenal hypoplasia (AHC) is a rare disorder that can be inherited in an X-linked or autosomal recessive (see {240200}) pattern. In X-linked AHC, primary adrenocortical failure occurs because the adrenal glands lack the permanent adult cortical zone. The remaining cells are termed 'cytomegalic' because they are larger than typical fetal adrenal cells (Hay et al., 1981; Reutens et al., 1999).Patients with AHC usually present in early infancy with primary adrenal failure. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HHG) is a hallmark of the disorder, and is recognized during adolescence because of the absence or interruption of normal pubertal development. Abnormal spermatogenesis has also been observed in these patients. Milder forms of the disease have been described, with adrenal insufficiency sometimes occurring in childhood or even early adulthood. A few cases of partial HHG have been reported (summary by Raffin-Sanson et al., 2013). Transient precocious sexual development in infancy or early childhood can be a prominent feature of AHC (Landau et al., 2010).A contiguous gene syndrome involving a combination of congenital adrenal hypoplasia, glycerol kinase deficiency (OMIM ), and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD ) is caused by deletion of multiple genes on chromosome Xp21 (see {300679}).

CYTOMEGALIC CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPOPLASIA Is also known as ahch|cytomegalic adrenocortical hypoplasia|x-linked congenital adrenal hypoplasia|adrenal hypoplasia, congenital, with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism|ahc with isolated gonadotropin deficiency|addison disease, x-linked|ahx|ahc with hhg

• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Failure to thrive
• Cryptorchidism
• Vomiting

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM 1 WITH OR WITHOUT ANOSMIA; HH1

Congenital idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism can be caused by an isolated defect in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH ) release, action, or both. Other associated nonreproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss, occur with variable frequency. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism has been called 'Kallmann syndrome (KS),' whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed 'normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH)' (summary by Raivio et al., 2007). Because families have been found to segregate both KS and nIHH, the disorder is here referred to as 'hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with or without anosmia.'For information on the autosomal forms of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with or without anosmia, see {147950}.

HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM 1 WITH OR WITHOUT ANOSMIA; HH1 Is also known as anosmic hypogonadism|hha|kallmann syndrome 1|dysplasia olfactogenitalis of de morsier|hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia|kms|kal1

• Hearing impairment
• Ataxia
• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Cleft palate
• Cryptorchidism

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA DUE TO 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency is a very rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH; see this term) characterized by glucocorticoid deficiency, hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism and severe hypokalemic hypertension.

CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA DUE TO 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY Is also known as combined 17-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency|cah due to 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency

• Short stature
• Failure to thrive
• Cryptorchidism
• Hypertension
• Hypospadias

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match CONGENITAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-RESPIRATORY FAILURE-SKIN ABNORMALITIES-JOINT HYPERLAXITY SYNDROME

CONGENITAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-RESPIRATORY FAILURE-SKIN ABNORMALITIES-JOINT HYPERLAXITY SYNDROME Is also known as congenital muscular dystrophy, davignon-chauveau type

• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Muscle weakness
• Cryptorchidism
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN