Cognitive impairment, and Prominent nose

Nance-Horan syndrome (NHS) is characterized by the association in male patients of congenital cataracts with microcornea, dental anomalies and facial dysmorphism.

NANCE-HORAN SYNDROME Is also known as cataract-dental syndrome|mesiodens-cataract syndrome|cataract, x-linked, with hutchinsonian teeth

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Nystagmus
• Strabismus
• Cataract

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

X-linked intellectual deficit-cerebellar hypoplasia, also known as OPHN1 syndrome, is a rare syndromic form of cerebellar dysgenesis characterized by moderate to severe intellectual deficit and cerebellar abnormalities.

X-LINKED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-CEREBELLAR HYPOPLASIA SYNDROME Is also known as oligophrenin-1 syndrome|ophn1 syndrome|mental retardation, x-linked 60, formerly|mrx60, formerly

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

X-linked Dandy-Walker malformation with intellectual disability, basal ganglia disease and seizures (XDIBS), or Pettigrew syndrome is a central nervous system malformation characterized by severe intellectual deficit, early hypotonia with progression to spasticity and contractures, choreoathetosis, seizures, dysmorphic face (long face with prominent forehead), and brain imaging abnormalities such as Dandy-Walker malformation (see this term), and iron deposition.

X-LINKED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-DANDY-WALKER MALFORMATION-BASAL GANGLIA DISEASE-SEIZURES SYNDROME Is also known as mental retardation, x-linked, with dandy-walker malformation, basal ganglia disease, and seizures|mrxs21|mrx59|mental retardation, x-linked 59|mrxs5|mental retardation, x-linked, syndromic, fried type|mrxsf|mental retardation, x-linked, syndromic 21|menta

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Stromme syndrome is an autosomal recessive congenital disorder affecting multiple systems with features of a ciliopathy. Affected individuals typically have some type of intestinal atresia, variable ocular abnormalities, microcephaly, and sometimes involvement of other systems, including renal and cardiac. In some cases, the condition is lethal in early life, whereas other patients show normal survival with or without mild cognitive impairment (summary by Filges et al., 2016).

STROMME SYNDROME; STROMS Is also known as jejunal atresia with microcephaly and ocular anomalies|apple peel syndrome with microcephaly and ocular anomalies|ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 31, formerly|cild31, formerly

• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by mental retardation, postnatal growth deficiency, microcephaly, broad thumbs and halluces, and dysmorphic facial features. The classic facial appearance is striking, with highly arched eyebrows, long eyelashes, downslanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, beaked nose with the nasal septum, highly arched palate, mild micrognathia, and characteristic grimacing or abnormal smile (Rubinstein and Taybi, 1963; review by Hennekam, 2006).About 50 to 70% of patients have RSTS1 due to mutation in the CREBBP gene (OMIM ). RSTS2 is much less common, and about 3% of patients have mutations in the EP300 gene. RSTS2 appears to be associated with a milder phenotype than RSTS1. Patients with RSTS2 have less severe facial dysmorphism and better cognitive function, but may have more severe microcephaly and malformation of facial bone structures compared to those with RSTS1 (Bartsch et al., 2010).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, see RSTS1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Pycnodysostosis is a genetic lysosomal disease characterized by osteosclerosis of the skeleton, short stature and brittle bones.

PYCNODYSOSTOSIS Is also known as pyknodysostosis|pycd|pknd

• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Micrognathia
• Pain
• Cognitive impairment

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Xeroderma pigmentosum is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by sun sensitivity and increased skin sensitivity to UV light, as well as an increased risk of skin cancer associated with a defect in nucleotide excision repair (NER). The XPF form of XP is usually relatively mild compared to other forms. Patients with XPF tend to have later onset of skin cancer. Some patients with XPF may develop neurologic impairment or growth defects, and are then classified as having Cockayne syndrome (summary by Kashiyama et al., 2013).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of xeroderma pigmentosa, see XPA (OMIM ), and of Cockayne syndrome, see CSA (OMIM ).

XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP F; XPF Is also known as xp6|xp, group f|xeroderma pigmentosum vi

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 20 (SPG20) is a type of complex hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by an onset in infancy of progressive spastic paraparesis associated with distal amyotrophy, psuedobulbar palsy, motor and cognitive delays, mild cerebellar signs (dysarthria, dysdiadochokinesia, mild intention tremor), short stature and subtle skeletal abnormalities (pes cavus, mild talipes equinovarus, kyphoscoliosis). SPG20 is due to mutations in the SPG20 gene (13q13.1), which encodes the protein spartin.

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA TYPE 20 Is also known as troyer syndrome|childhood-onset spastic paraparesis-distal muscle wasting syndrome|spastic paraparesis, childhood-onset, with distal muscle wasting|spg20|spastic paraplegia, autosomal recessive, troyer type

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome is a multisystemic disorder characterized by hypogonadism, alopecia, diabetes mellitus, intellectual deficit and extrapyramidal signs with choreoathetoid movements and dystonia.

WOODHOUSE-SAKATI SYNDROME Is also known as hypogonadism, alopecia, diabetes mellitus, mental retardation, deafness, and extrapyramidal syndrome|extrapyramidal disorder, progressive, with primary hypogonadism, mental retardation, and alopecia|diabetes-hypogonadism-deafness-intellectual disability s

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

3q29 microdeletion syndrome is a recurrent subtelomeric deletion syndrome with variable clinical manifestations including intellectual deficit and dysmorphic features.

3Q29 MICRODELETION SYNDROME Is also known as del(3)(q29)|microdeletion 3q29 syndrome|3q subtelomere deletion syndrome|monosomy 3q29|monosomy 3qter|3qter deletion

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Ataxia
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN