Cleft palate, and Short neck

Neu-Laxova syndrome-2 is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a recognizable pattern of severe congenital malformations leading to prenatal or early postnatal lethality. Affected patients have abnormal craniofacial features, microcephaly, intrauterine growth retardation, ichthyosis, flexion deformities, limb malformations, and edema of the hands and feet. Some patients have malformations of the central nervous system, such as abnormal gyration (summary by Acuna-Hidalgo et al., 2014).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Neu-Laxova syndrome, see NLS1 (OMIM ).

• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis
• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SEDC) is a chondrodysplasia characterized by disproportionate short stature, abnormal epiphyses and flattened vertebral bodies.

SPONDYLOEPIPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA CONGENITA Is also known as congenital spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia|spranger-wiedemann disease|sedc

• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Meckel-Gruber syndrome is a severe autosomal recessive ciliopathy classically defined by the triad of encephalocele, polydactyly, and renal and biliary ductal dysplasia. Clinical heterogeneity exists even within families (summary by Shaheen et al., 2011).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Meckel syndrome, see MKS1 (OMIM ).

• Microcephaly
• Cleft palate
• Low-set ears
• Talipes equinovarus
• Short neck

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal dominant multiple pterygium syndrome is a rare distal arthrogryposis syndrome characterized by multiple pterygia (typically involving the neck, axilla and popliteal areas), joint contractures, ptosis, camptodactyly of the hands with hypoplastic flexion creases, vertebral fusions, severe scoliosis and short stature.

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT MULTIPLE PTERYGIUM SYNDROME Is also known as distal arthrogryposis type 8|multiple pterygium syndrome, autosomal dominant|pterygium syndrome, multiple, autosomal dominant

• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Cleft palate
• Ptosis
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal dominant spondylocostal dysostosis is a very rare and mild form of spondylocostal dysostosis characterized by vertebral and costal segmentation defects, often with a reduction in the number of ribs.

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT SPONDYLOCOSTAL DYSOSTOSIS Is also known as autosomal dominant spondylocostal dysplasia

• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis
• Cleft palate
• Wide nasal bridge
• Intrauterine growth retardation

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Deficiency of the glycoprotein WNT4, associated with loss of function mutation(s) in the WNT4 gene. The condition in 46,XX individuals is characterized by mild hyperandrogenism, absence or underdevelopment of the uterus, and sometimes absence or underdevelopment of the vagina.

MÜLLERIAN APLASIA AND HYPERANDROGENISM Is also known as wnt4 deficiency|mÜllerian duct failure and hyperandrogenism|mullerian duct failure and hyperandrogenism

• Short stature
• Cleft palate
• High palate
• Brachydactyly
• Short neck

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Atelosteogenesis III (AOIII) is a skeletal dysplasia characterized by short limbs dysmorphic facies and diagnostic radiographic findings.

ATELOSTEOGENESIS TYPE III Is also known as aoiii|ao3|atelosteogenesis type 3

• Scoliosis
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate
• Depressed nasal bridge
• Frontal bossing

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

2q24 microdeletion syndrome is a chromosomal anomaly consisting of a partial long arm deletion of chromosome 2 and characterized clinically by a wide range of manifestations (depending on the specific region deleted) which can include seizures, microcephaly, dysmorphic features, cleft palate, eye abnormalities (coloboma, cataract and microphthalmia), growth retardation, failure to thrive, heart defects, limb anomalies, developmental delay and autism.

2Q24 MICRODELETION SYNDROME Is also known as monosomy 2q24|del(2)(q24)

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a congenital anomaly characterized by a defect in the formation or segmentation of the cervical vertebrae, resulting in a fused appearance. The clinical triad consists of short neck, low posterior hairline, and limited neck movement, although less than 50% of patients demonstrate all 3 clinical features (Tracy et al., 2004). Genetic Heterogeneity of Klippel-Feil SyndromeAdditional forms of KFS include autosomal recessive KFS2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the MEOX1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 17q21, autosomal dominant KFS3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the GDF3 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 12p13, and autosomal recessive KFS4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the MYO18B gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 22q12.See also MURCS association (OMIM ), in which Klippel-Feil anomaly is associated with urogenital anomalies.

KLIPPEL-FEIL SYNDROME 1, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT; KFS1 Is also known as cervical vertebral fusion, autosomal dominant|kfs

• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Cleft palate
• Macrocephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Corpus callosum agenesis-intellectual disability-coloboma-micrognathia syndrome is a developmental anomalies syndrome characterized by coloboma of the iris and optic nerve, facial dysmorphism (high forehead, microretrognathia, low-set ears), intellectual deficit, agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), sensorineural hearing loss, skeletal anomalies and short stature.

CORPUS CALLOSUM AGENESIS-INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-COLOBOMA-MICROGNATHIA SYNDROME Is also known as mental retardation, x-linked, syndromic 28|graham-cox syndrome|mrxs28

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN