Cleft palate, and Nail dysplasia

Limb-mammary syndrome (LMS) is a rare disease belonging to the group of ectodermal dysplasias.

LIMB-MAMMARY SYNDROME Is also known as lms

• Cleft palate
• Syndactyly
• Hypogonadism
• Camptodactyly
• Hypodontia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Hereditary primary lymphedema is caused by anatomic or functional defects in the lymphatic system, resulting in chronic swelling of body parts. There may be accompanying nail and skin changes, such as nail dysplasia or papillomatosis. Onset is usually at birth or in early childhood but can occur later, and the severity is variable (summary by Gordon et al., 2013 and Balboa-Beltran et al., 2014). Genetic Heterogeneity of Hereditary Primary LymphedemaPrimary lymphedema is genetically heterogeneous: see also LMPH1B (OMIM ), which maps to chromosome 6q16.2-q22.1; LMPH1C (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the GJC2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 1q42; and LMPH1D (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the VEGFC gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 4q34. Hereditary lymphedema III (LMPH3 ) is caused by mutaiton in the PIEZO1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 16q24.Also see hereditary lymphedema type II (OMIM ), also known as Meige lymphedema.Lymphedema can also be a feature of syndromic disorders such as lymphedema-distichiasis syndrome (OMIM ), which is caused by mutation in the FOXC2 gene (OMIM ).

LYMPHEDEMA, HEREDITARY, IA; LMPH1A Is also known as primary congenital lymphedema|pcl|nonne-milroy lymphedema|lymphedema, early-onset|milroy disease

• Scoliosis
• Strabismus
• Cleft palate
• Ptosis
• Ventricular septal defect

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) with or without polydactyly refers to a group of autosomal recessive skeletal ciliopathies that are characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, shortened tubular bones, and a 'trident' appearance of the acetabular roof. SRTD encompasses Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) and the disorders previously designated as Jeune syndrome or asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD), short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), and Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MZSDS). Polydactyly is variably present, and there is phenotypic overlap in the various forms of SRTDs, which differ by visceral malformation and metaphyseal appearance. Nonskeletal involvement can include cleft lip/palate as well as anomalies of major organs such as the brain, eye, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, intestines, and genitalia. Some forms of SRTD are lethal in the neonatal period due to respiratory insufficiency secondary to a severely restricted thoracic cage, whereas others are compatible with life (summary by Huber and Cormier-Daire, 2012 and Schmidts et al., 2013).There is phenotypic overlap with the cranioectodermal dysplasias (Sensenbrenner syndrome; see CED1, {218330}).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of short-rib thoracic dysplasia, see SRTD1 (OMIM ).

SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 7 WITH OR WITHOUT POLYDACTYLY; SRTD7 Is also known as short rib-polydactyly syndrome, type v|srps5

• Cleft palate
• High palate
• Epicanthus
• Brachydactyly
• Respiratory insufficiency

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Zlotogora-Ogur syndrome is an ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by hair, skin and teeth anomalies, facial dysmophism with cleft lip and palate, cutaneous syndactyly and, in some cases, intellectual disability.

ZLOTOGORA-OGUR SYNDROME Is also known as cleft lip/palate-ectodermal dysplasia syndrome|clped1|ed4|syndactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft/lip palate|cleft lip/palate-syndactyly-pili torti syndrome|ectodermal dysplasia, margarita island type|ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip and palate, mental retar

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate
• Wide nasal bridge

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Acrofacial dysostosis Rodriguez type is a multiple malformative syndrome in which mandibulofacial dysostosis and severe limb reduction defects are associated with complex malformations of different organs and systems especially the CNS, urogenital tract, heart, and lungs. The mandibulofacial defect, characterized by extremely severe microretrognathism and cleft palate, causes death by respiratory distress. Limb reduction is severe and includes shoulder and pelvis hypoplasia, phocomelia with humerus hypoplasia, absent radius and ulna, complete absence of long bones of the legs, and various hand anomalies, predominantly preaxial reduction (absent thumbs). Other features include CNS malformations (agenesis of corpus callosum and acqueductal stenosis), lung anomalies (absent lung lobulation), complex cardiac malformations, and unicornis uterus. These infants also show facial dysmorphism and ear anomalies. The condition is a rare with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. The prognosis is poor and this condition leads to death in utero or shortly after birth.

ACROFACIAL DYSOSTOSIS, RODRÍGUEZ TYPE Is also known as rodriguez lethal acrofacial dysostosis syndrome

• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate
• Low-set ears

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

RAPP-HODGKIN SYNDROME; RHS Is also known as ectodermal dysplasia, anhidrotic, with cleft lip/palate

• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate
• Ptosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

ANKYLOBLEPHARON-ECTODERMAL DEFECTS-CLEFT LIP/PALATE Is also known as hay-wells syndrome|aec syndrome

• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Failure to thrive
• Cleft palate
• Pain

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple dislocations is a rare genetic primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by midface hypoplasia, short stature, generalized joint laxity, multiple joint dislocations (most frequently of knees and hips), limb malalignment (genu valgum/varum) and progressive spinal deformity (e.g. kyphosis/scoliosis). Radiography reveals distinctive slender metacarpals and metatarsals, as well as small, irregular epiphyses, metaphyseal irregularities with vertical striations, constricted femoral necks and mild platyspondyly, among others.

SPONDYLOEPIMETAPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA WITH MULTIPLE DISLOCATIONS Is also known as semd-md|semdjl2|spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity type 2|spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxicity, hall type|spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity, leptodactylic type|spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Otopalatodigital syndrome-1 is 1 of 4 otopalatodigital syndromes caused by mutations in the FLNA gene. The disorders, which include frontometaphyseal dysplasia (FMD1 ), otopalatodigital syndrome-2 (OPD2 ), and Melnick-Needles syndrome (MNS ), constitute a phenotypic spectrum. At the mild end of the spectrum, males with OPD1 have cleft palate and mild skeletal anomalies with conductive deafness caused by ossicular anomalies. FMD is characterized by a generalized skeletal dysplasia, deafness and urogenital defects. Males with OPD2 have disabling skeletal anomalies in addition to variable malformations in the hindbrain, heart, intestines, and kidneys that frequently lead to perinatal death. The most severe phenotype, MNS, is characterized by a skeletal dysplasia in the heterozygote. Affected males exhibit severe malformations similar to those observed in individuals with OPD2, resulting in prenatal lethality or death in the first few months of life (review by Robertson, 2005). Verloes et al. (2000) suggested that these disorders constitute a single entity, which they termed 'frontootopalatodigital osteodysplasia.'

OTOPALATODIGITAL SYNDROME, TYPE I; OPD1 Is also known as opd syndrome 1|opd i syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN