Cleft palate, and Hepatic fibrosis

Medium match MECKEL SYNDROME, TYPE 3; MKS3

Meckel syndrome is an autosomal recessive pre- or perinatal lethal malformation syndrome characterized by renal cystic dysplasia and variably associated features including developmental anomalies of the central nervous system (typically occipital encephalocele), hepatic ductal dysplasia and cysts, and postaxial polydactyly (summary by Smith et al., 2006).For a more complete phenotypic description and information on genetic heterogeneity of Meckel syndrome, see MKS1 (OMIM ).

MECKEL SYNDROME, TYPE 3; MKS3 Is also known as meckel-gruber syndrome, type 3

• Cleft palate
• Hydrocephalus
• Polydactyly
• Postaxial polydactyly
• Renal cyst

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match MECKEL SYNDROME, TYPE 6; MKS6

• Cleft palate
• Talipes equinovarus
• Hydrocephalus
• Polydactyly
• Cleft lip

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Low match MECKEL SYNDROME

Meckel syndrome (MKS) is a rare, lethal, genetic, multiple congenital anomaly disorder characterized by the triad of brain malformation (mainly occipital encephalocele), large polycystic kidneys, and polydactyly, as well as associated abnormalities that may include cleft lip/palate, cardiac and genital anomalies, central nervous system (CNS) malformations, liver fibrosis, and bone dysplasia.

MECKEL SYNDROME Is also known as meckel-gruber syndrome

• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate
• Cataract

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Low match GILLESSEN-KAESBACH-NISHIMURA SYNDROME; GIKANIS

Gillessen-Kaesbach-Nishimura syndrome is an autosomal recessive multiple congenital anomaly disorder characterized by skeletal dysplasia, dysmorphic facial features, and variable visceral abnormalities, including polycystic kidneys, diaphragmatic hernia, lung hypoplasia, and congenital heart defects. It may be lethal in utero or early in life. The disorder is at the severe end of the phenotypic spectrum of congenital disorders of glycosylation (summary by Tham et al., 2016).

GILLESSEN-KAESBACH-NISHIMURA SYNDROME; GIKANIS Is also known as polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive, with microbrachycephaly, hypertelorism, and brachymelia

• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Abnormal facial shape
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 6 WITH OR WITHOUT POLYDACTYLY; SRTD6

Short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) with or without polydactyly refers to a group of autosomal recessive skeletal ciliopathies that are characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, shortened tubular bones, and a 'trident' appearance of the acetabular roof. SRTD encompasses Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) and the disorders previously designated as Jeune syndrome or asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD), short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), and Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MZSDS). Polydactyly is variably present, and there is phenotypic overlap in the various forms of SRTDs, which differ by visceral malformation and metaphyseal appearance. Nonskeletal involvement can include cleft lip/palate as well as anomalies of major organs such as the brain, eye, heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, intestines, and genitalia. Some forms of SRTD are lethal in the neonatal period due to respiratory insufficiency secondary to a severely restricted thoracic cage, whereas others are compatible with life (summary by Huber and Cormier-Daire, 2012 and Schmidts et al., 2013).There is phenotypic overlap with the cranioectodermal dysplasias (Sensenbrenner syndrome; see CED1, {218330}).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of short-rib thoracic dysplasia, see SRTD1 (OMIM ).

SHORT-RIB THORACIC DYSPLASIA 6 WITH OR WITHOUT POLYDACTYLY; SRTD6 Is also known as majewski syndrome|short rib-polydactyly syndrome, type ii|srps2a|srps, type ii|polydactyly with neonatal chondrodystrophy, type ii|short rib-polydactyly syndrome, type iia

• Short stature
• Cleft palate
• Delayed speech and language development
• Motor delay
• Brachydactyly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match CRANIOECTODERMAL DYSPLASIA 2; CED2

Cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED), also known as Sensenbrenner syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive heterogeneous ciliopathy that is primarily characterized by skeletal abnormalities, including craniosynostosis, narrow rib cage, short limbs, and brachydactyly, and ectodermal defects. Nephronophthisis leading to progressive renal failure, hepatic fibrosis, heart defects, and retinitis pigmentosa have also been described (summary by Arts et al., 2011).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of cranioectodermal dysplasia, see CED1 (OMIM ).

• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match OROFACIODIGITAL SYNDROME I; OFD1

Orofaciodigital syndrome type I (OFD1) is characterized by malformations of the face, oral cavity, and digits and is transmitted as an X-linked dominant condition with lethality in males. Thickened alveolar ridges and abnormal dentition, including absent lateral incisors, are additional characteristics of OFD1. The central nervous system may also be involved in as many as 40% of cases. Although these clinical features overlap those reported in other forms of orofaciodigital syndrome, OFD1 can be easily distinguished from among these by its X-linked dominant inheritance pattern and by polycystic kidney disease, which seems to be specific to type I (summary by Ferrante et al., 2001).Since the CXORF5 gene localizes to the centrosome and basal body of primary cilia, OFD1 is considered to be a ciliopathy (Chetty-John et al., 2010).

OROFACIODIGITAL SYNDROME I; OFD1 Is also known as oral-facial-digital syndrome, type i|papillon-leage and psaume syndrome|ofds i

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match MECKEL SYNDROME, TYPE 1; MKS1

Meckel syndrome, also known as Meckel-Gruber syndrome, is a severe pleiotropic autosomal recessive developmental disorder caused by dysfunction of primary cilia during early embryogenesis. There is extensive clinical variability and controversy as to the minimum diagnostic criteria. Early reports, including that of Opitz and Howe (1969) and Wright et al. (1994), stated that the classic triad of Meckel syndrome comprises (1) cystic renal disease; (2) a central nervous system malformation, most commonly occipital encephalocele; and (3) polydactyly, most often postaxial. However, based on a study of 67 patients, Salonen (1984) concluded that the minimum diagnostic criteria are (1) cystic renal disease; (2) CNS malformation, and (3) hepatic abnormalities, including portal fibrosis or ductal proliferation. In a review of Meckel syndrome, Logan et al. (2011) stated that the classic triad first described by Meckel (1822) included occipital encephalocele, cystic kidneys, and fibrotic changes to the liver. Genetic Heterogeneity of Meckel SyndromeSee also MKS2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM216 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 11q12; MKS3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM67 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 8q; MKS4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CEP290 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 12q; MKS5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the RPGRIP1L gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 16q12; MKS6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CC2D2A gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 4p15; MKS7 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the NPHP3 (OMIM ) gene on chromosome 3q22; MKS8 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TCTN2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 12q24; MKS9 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the B9D1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 17p11; MKS10 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the B9D2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 19q13; MKS11 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM231 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 16q23; MKS12 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the KIF14 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 1q32; and MKS13 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM107 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 17p13.

MECKEL SYNDROME, TYPE 1; MKS1 Is also known as mks|meckel-gruber syndrome, type 1|meckel syndrome|gruber syndrome|dysencephalia splanchnocystica|mes|meckel-gruber syndrome

• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate
• Cryptorchidism

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match SHORT RIB-POLYDACTYLY SYNDROME, BEEMER-LANGER TYPE

Short rib-polydactyly syndrome (SRPS), Beemer-Langer type is an extremely rare type of SRPS developing prenatally or immediately after birth and characterized by short and narrow thorax with horizontally oriented ribs. Other bone features include small iliac bones, short tubular bones, bowing of long bones and rarely pre- and post-axial polydactyly. Brain defects are common and some cases of cleft lip, absent internal genitalia and renal, biliary and pancreatic cysts have been reported. The course is rapidly fatal.

SHORT RIB-POLYDACTYLY SYNDROME, BEEMER-LANGER TYPE Is also known as short rib syndrome, beemer type|srps iv|short rib-polydactyly syndrome type 4|short rib-polydactyly syndrome, type iv|beemer-langer syndrome|srps4

• Hypertelorism
• Abnormal facial shape
• Cleft palate
• Low-set ears
• Epicanthus

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match PERLMAN SYNDROME

Perlman syndrome is characterized principally by polyhydramnios, neonatal macrosomia, bilateral renal tumours (hamartomas with or without nephroblastomatosis), hypertrophy of the islets of Langerhans and facial dysmorphism.

PERLMAN SYNDROME Is also known as nephroblastomatosis, fetal ascites, macrosomia, and wilms tumor|nephroblastomatosis-fetal ascites-macrosomia-wilms tumor syndrome|renal hamartomas, nephroblastomatosis, and fetal gigantism

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN