Cleft palate, and Cerebellar hypoplasia

Medium match MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (CONGENITAL WITH BRAIN AND EYE ANOMALIES), TYPE A, 14; MDDGA14

MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (CONGENITAL WITH BRAIN AND EYE ANOMALIES), TYPE A, 14; MDDGA14 Is also known as walker-warburg syndrome or muscle-eye-brain disease, gmppb-related

• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Ataxia
• Sensorineural hearing impairment

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match CEREBROOCULOFACIOSKELETAL SYNDROME 3; COFS3

Cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome is a severe, progressive neurologic disorder characterized by prenatal onset of arthrogryposis, microcephaly, and growth failure. Postnatal features include severe developmental delay, congenital cataracts (in some), and marked UV sensitivity of the skin. Survival beyond 6 years of age is rare. COFS represents the severe end of the spectrum of disorders caused by mutations in nucleotide excision repair (NER) genes, with Cockayne syndrome and xeroderma pigmentosum being milder NER-related phenotypes (summary by Drury et al., 2014).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome, see COFS1 (OMIM ).

• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Medium match JOUBERT SYNDROME 26; JBTS26

Joubert syndrome-26 is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy characterized by global developmental delay associated with cerebellar hypoplasia and variable additional abnormalities, including hypotonia and possibly pituitary abnormalities (summary by Sanders et al., 2015).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Joubert syndrome, see {213300}.

• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match HETEROTAXY, VISCERAL, 1, X-LINKED; HTX1

HeterotaxyHeterotaxy ('heter' meaning 'other' and 'taxy' meaning 'arrangement'), or situs ambiguus, is a developmental condition characterized by randomization of the placement of visceral organs, including the heart, lungs, liver, spleen, and stomach. The organs are oriented randomly with respect to the left-right axis and with respect to one another (Srivastava, 1997). Heterotaxy is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. Multiple Types of Congenital Heart DefectsCongenital heart defects (CHTD) are among the most common congenital defects, occurring with an incidence of 8/1,000 live births. The etiology of CHTD is complex, with contributions from environmental exposure, chromosomal abnormalities, and gene defects. Some patients with CHTD also have cardiac arrhythmias, which may be due to the anatomic defect itself or to surgical interventions (summary by van de Meerakker et al., 2011). ReviewsObler et al. (2008) reviewed published cases of double-outlet right ventricle and discussed etiology and associations. Genetic Heterogeneity of Visceral HeterotaxySee also HTX2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CFC1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 2q21; HTX3 (OMIM ), which maps to chromosome 6q21; HTX4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ACVR2B gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 3p22; HTX5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the NODAL gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 10q22; HTX6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CCDC11 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 18q21; HTX7 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the MMP21 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 10q26; and HTX8 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the PKD1L1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 7p12. Genetic Heterogeneity of Multiple Types of Congenital Heart DefectsAn X-linked form of CHTD, CHTD1, is caused by mutation in the ZIC3 gene on chromosome Xq26. CHTD2 (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the TAB2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 6q25. A form of nonsyndromic congenital heart defects associated with cardiac rhythm and conduction disturbances (CHTD3 ) has been mapped to chromosome 9q31. CHTD4 (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the NR2F2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 15q26. CHTD5 (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the GATA5 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 20q13. CHTD6 (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the GDF1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 19p13.

HETEROTAXY, VISCERAL, 1, X-LINKED; HTX1 Is also known as situs inversus, complex cardiac defects, and splenic defects, x-linked|laterality, x-linked|dextrocardia with other cardiac malformations

• Hypertelorism
• Failure to thrive
• Cleft palate
• Ventricular septal defect
• Atrial septal defect

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match SWEENEY-COX SYNDROME; SWCOS

Sweeney-Cox syndrome is characterized by striking facial dysostosis, including hypertelorism, deficiencies of the eyelids and facial bones, cleft palate/velopharyngeal insufficiency, and low-set cupped ears (Kim et al., 2017).

• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match HOLOPROSENCEPHALY 2; HPE2

A rare disorder characterized by the partial separation of the cerebral hemispheres. It is associated with mutations in the SIX3 gene.

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (CONGENITAL WITH BRAIN AND EYE ANOMALIES), TYPE A, 2; MDDGA2

Congenital muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy with brain and eye anomalies (type A), which includes both the more severe Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS) and the slightly less severe muscle-eye-brain disease (MEB), is an autosomal recessive disorder with characteristic brain and eye malformations, profound mental retardation, congenital muscular dystrophy, and death usually in the first years of life. It represents the most severe end of a phenotypic spectrum of similar disorders resulting from defective glycosylation of DAG1 (OMIM ), collectively known as 'dystroglycanopathies' (van Reeuwijk et al., 2005).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy type A, see MDDGA1 (OMIM ).

MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (CONGENITAL WITH BRAIN AND EYE ANOMALIES), TYPE A, 2; MDDGA2 Is also known as walker-warburg syndrome or muscle-eye-brain disease, pomt2-related

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match FOWLER SYNDROME

The proliferative vasculopathy and hydranencephaly-hydrocephaly syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive, usually prenatally lethal disorder characterized by hydranencephaly, a distinctive glomerular vasculopathy in the central nervous system and retina, and diffuse ischemic lesions of the brain stem, basal ganglia, and spinal cord with calcifications. It is usually diagnosed by ultrasound between 26 and 33 weeks' gestation (summary by Meyer et al., 2010). Rarely, affected individuals may survive, but are severely impaired with almost no neurologic development (Kvarnung et al., 2016).

FOWLER SYNDROME Is also known as epv|cerebral proliferative glomeruloid vasculopathy|fowler syndrome|proliferative vasculopathy and hydranencephaly/hydrocephaly|hydranencephaly, fowler type|hydrocephaly/hydranencephaly due to cerebral vasculopathy|encephaloclastic proliferative vasculopa

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match STROMME SYNDROME; STROMS

Stromme syndrome is an autosomal recessive congenital disorder affecting multiple systems with features of a ciliopathy. Affected individuals typically have some type of intestinal atresia, variable ocular abnormalities, microcephaly, and sometimes involvement of other systems, including renal and cardiac. In some cases, the condition is lethal in early life, whereas other patients show normal survival with or without mild cognitive impairment (summary by Filges et al., 2016).

STROMME SYNDROME; STROMS Is also known as jejunal atresia with microcephaly and ocular anomalies|apple peel syndrome with microcephaly and ocular anomalies|ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 31, formerly|cild31, formerly

• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia
• Cleft palate

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match AMISH LETHAL MICROCEPHALY

Amish lethal microcephaly is a very rare syndrome characterized by extreme microcephaly and early death, within the first year.

AMISH LETHAL MICROCEPHALY Is also known as thiamine metabolism dysfunction syndrome 3 (microcephaly type)|amish lethal microcephaly|thmd3

• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly
• Failure to thrive
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN