Cardiomyopathy, and Primary amenorrhea

Medium match PPARG-RELATED FAMILIAL PARTIAL LIPODYSTROPHY

This type can be caused by mutation in the gene encoding PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA.

PPARG-RELATED FAMILIAL PARTIAL LIPODYSTROPHY Is also known as familial partial lipodystrophy type 3|fpld3|pparg-related fpld|lipodystrophy, familial partial, associated with pparg mutations

• Hypertension
• Hepatomegaly
• Myopathy
• Congestive heart failure
• Splenomegaly

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match PENOSCROTAL TRANSPOSITION

Penoscrotal transposition (PST) is a rare congenital genital anomaly in which the scrotum is positioned superior and anterior to the penis. PST may present with a broad spectrum of anomalies ranging from simple shawl scrotum (doughnut scrotum) to very complex extreme transposition with craniofacial, central nervous system, cardiac, gastrointestinal, urological, and other genital (undescended testicles, hypospadias, chordee) malformations. Growth deficiency and intellectual disability may also be noticed (60% of cases).

PENOSCROTAL TRANSPOSITION Is also known as dihydrotestosterone receptor deficiency|testicular feminization syndrome|androgen receptor deficiency|dhtr deficiency|ar deficiency|tfm

• Intellectual disability
• Neoplasm
• Micrognathia
• Cryptorchidism
• Epicanthus

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match PROGRESSIVE EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA-MYOPATHY-EMACIATION SYNDROME

Progressive external ophthalmoplegia-myopathy-emaciation syndrome is a rare mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder due to nuclear DNA anomalies characterized by progressive external ophthalmoplegia without diplopia, cerebellar atrophy, proximal skeletal muscle weakness with generalized muscle wasting, profound emaciation, respiratory failure, spinal deformity and facial muscle weakness (manifesting with ptosis, dysphonia, dysphagia and nasal speech). Intellectual disability, gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. nausea, abdominal fullness, and loss of appetite), dilated cardiomyopathy and renal colic have also been reported.

PROGRESSIVE EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA-MYOPATHY-EMACIATION SYNDROME Is also known as mitochondrial dna maintenance syndrome due to mgme1 deficiency|peo-myopathy-emaciation syndrome|mtdna maintenance syndrome due to mgme1 deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Muscle weakness
• Ptosis
• Skeletal muscle atrophy

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT PROGRESSIVE EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA

Progressive external ophthalmoplegia is characterized by multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions in skeletal muscle. The most common clinical features include adult onset of weakness of the external eye muscles and exercise intolerance. Additional symptoms are variable, and may include cataracts, hearing loss, sensory axonal neuropathy, ataxia, depression, hypogonadism, and parkinsonism. Both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance can occur; autosomal recessive inheritance is usually more severe (Filosto et al., 2003; Luoma et al., 2004).PEO caused by mutation in the POLG gene is associated with more complicated phenotypes than those forms caused by mutation in the ANT1 or C10ORF2 genes (Lamantea et al., 2002). Genetic Heterogeneity of Autosomal Dominant Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia with DNA DeletionsSee also PEOA2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ANT1 gene (SLC25A4 ) on chromosome 4q34; PEOA3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the twinkle gene (C10ORF2 ) on chromosome 10q24; PEOA4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the POLG2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 17q; PEOA5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the RRM2B gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 8q23; and PEOA6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the DNA2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 10q.

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT PROGRESSIVE EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA Is also known as progressive external ophthalmoplegia, autosomal dominant 1|adpeo

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match NOONAN SYNDROME 1; NS1

Noonan syndrome (NS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by short stature, facial dysmorphism, and a wide spectrum of congenital heart defects. The distinctive facial features consist of a broad forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, a high-arched palate, and low-set, posteriorly rotated ears. Cardiac involvement is present in up to 90% of patients. Pulmonic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are the most common forms of cardiac disease, but a variety of other lesions are also observed. Additional relatively frequent features include multiple skeletal defects (chest and spine deformities), webbed neck, mental retardation, cryptorchidism, and bleeding diathesis (summary by Tartaglia et al., 2002). Genetic Heterogeneity of Noonan SyndromeSee also NS3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the KRAS gene (OMIM ); NS4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the SOS1 gene (OMIM ); NS5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the RAF1 gene (OMIM ); NS6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the NRAS gene (OMIM ); NS7 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the BRAF gene (OMIM ); NS8 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the RIT1 gene (OMIM ); NS9 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the SOS2 gene (OMIM ); and NS10 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the LZTR1 gene (OMIM ).See also NS2 (OMIM ) for a possible autosomal recessive form of NS; Noonan syndrome-like disorder with loose anagen hair-1 (NSLH1 ), caused by mutation in the SHOC2 gene (OMIM ); Noonan syndrome-like disorder with loose anagen hair-2 (NSLH2 ), caused by mutation in the PPP1CB gene (OMIM ); and Noonan syndrome-like disorder with or without juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (NSLL ), caused by mutation in the CBL gene (OMIM ).Mutations in the neurofibromin gene (NF1 ), which is the site of mutations causing classic neurofibromatosis type I (NF1 ), have been found in neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome (NFNS ).

NOONAN SYNDROME 1; NS1 Is also known as female pseudo-turner syndrome|male turner syndrome|noonan syndrome|turner phenotype with normal karyotype

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match HEMOCHROMATOSIS TYPE 3

Type 3 hemochromatosis is a form of rare hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) (see this term), a group of diseases characterized by excessive tissue iron deposition of genetic origin.

HEMOCHROMATOSIS TYPE 3 Is also known as tfr2-related hemochromatosis|hemochromatosis due to defect in transferrin receptor 2

• Pain
• Anemia
• Fatigue
• Cardiomyopathy
• Abdominal pain

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE, WITH OVARIAN FAILURE; LKENP

Progressive leukoencephalopathy with ovarian failure is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of motor and cognitive skills, usually with onset in young adulthood. Some patients may have a history of delayed motor development or learning difficulties in early childhood. Neurologic decline is severe, usually resulting in gait difficulties, ataxia, spasticity, and cognitive decline and dementia. Most patients lose speech and become wheelchair-bound or bedridden. Brain MRI shows progressive white matter signal abnormalities in the deep white matter. Affected females develop premature ovarian failure (summary by Dallabona et al., 2014).

• Ataxia
• Nystagmus
• Spasticity
• Motor delay
• Dysarthria

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match HEMOCHROMATOSIS TYPE 2

Hemochromatosis type 2 (juvenile) is the early-onset and most severe form of rare hereditary hemochromatosis (HH; see this term), a group of diseases characterized by excessive tissue iron deposition of genetic origin.

HEMOCHROMATOSIS TYPE 2 Is also known as juvenile hemochromatosis

• Muscle weakness
• Pain
• Hypertension
• Hepatomegaly
• Cardiomyopathy

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match HEMOCHROMATOSIS, TYPE 1; HFE1

Hereditary hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive disorder of iron metabolism wherein the body accumulates excess iron (summary by Feder et al., 1996). Excess iron is deposited in a variety of organs leading to their failure, and resulting in serious illnesses including cirrhosis, hepatomas, diabetes, cardiomyopathy, arthritis, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Severe effects of the disease usually do not appear until after decades of progressive iron loading. Removal of excess iron by therapeutic phlebotomy decreases morbidity and mortality if instituted early in the course of the disease. Classic hemochromatosis (HFE) is most often caused by mutation in a gene designated HFE on chromosome 6p21.3.Adams and Barton (2007) reviewed the clinical features, pathophysiology, and management of hemochromatosis. Genetic Heterogeneity of HemochromatosisAt least 4 additional iron overload disorders labeled hemochromatosis have been identified on the basis of clinical, biochemical, and genetic characteristics. Juvenile hemochromatosis, or hemochromatosis type 2 (HFE2), is autosomal recessive and is divided into 2 forms: HFE2A (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the HJV gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 1q21, and HFE2B (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the HAMP gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 19q13. Hemochromatosis type 3 (HFE3 ), an autosomal recessive disorder, is caused by mutation in the TFR2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 7q22. Hemochromatosis type 4 (HFE4 ), an autosomal dominant disorder, is caused by mutation in the SLC40A1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 2q32. Hemochromatosis type 5 (HFE5 ) is caused by mutation in the FTH1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 11q12.

HEMOCHROMATOSIS, TYPE 1; HFE1 Is also known as hfe|hemochromatosis, hereditary|hemochromatosis|hh

• Ataxia
• Neoplasm
• Pain
• Anemia
• Hepatomegaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY-HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM SYNDROME

This syndrome is characterized by the association of dilated cardiomyopathy and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (DCM-HH).

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY-HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM SYNDROME Is also known as cardiomyopathy, dilated, with premature ovarian failure|genital anomaly with cardiomyopathy|najjar syndrome|cardiomyopathy, congestive, with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism|cardiogenital syndrome|cardiomyopathy with primary testicular failure|malouf syndro

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Cryptorchidism
• Ptosis

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN