Carcinoma, and Mitral valve prolapse

Fabry disease (FD) is a progressive, inherited, multisystemic lysosomal storage disease characterized by specific neurological, cutaneous, renal, cardiovascular, cochleo-vestibular and cerebrovascular manifestations.

FABRY DISEASE Is also known as ceramide trihexosidase deficiency|hereditary dystopic lipidosis|fd|alpha-galactosidase a deficiency|diffuse angiokeratoma|gla deficiency|angiokeratoma corporis diffusum|anderson-fabry disease

• Seizures
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Pain

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Costello syndrome (CS) is a rare multisystemic disorder characterized by failure to thrive, short stature, developmental delay or intellectual disability, joint laxity, soft skin, and distinctive facial features. Cardiac and neurological involvement is common and there is an increased lifetime risk of certain tumors.

COSTELLO SYNDROME Is also known as fcs syndrome|faciocutaneoskeletal syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism is an autosomal dominant hypercalcemic disorder caused by inappropriate oversecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) from parathyroid adenomas, hyperplasia, and carcinomas (summary by Shibata et al., 2015). Genetic Heterogeneity of Familial HyperparathyroidismHyperparathyroidism-2 with jaw tumors (HRPT2 ), also known as the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome (HPT-JT), is also caused by mutation in the CDC73 gene. A locus for HRPT (HRPT3 ) has been mapped to chromosome 2p14-p13.3. HRPT4 (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the GCM2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 6p24. Neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT ) is caused by mutation in the CASR gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 3q.Familial isolated primary hyperparathyroidism occasionally results from incomplete expression of multiple endocrine neoplasia (see MEN1, {131100}).Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (see {145980}) can be confused with familial primary hyperparathyroidism.

HYPERPARATHYROIDISM 1; HRPT1 Is also known as fihp|hyperparathyroidism, familial isolated primary

• Neoplasm
• Renal insufficiency
• Osteopenia
• Carcinoma
• Abnormality of the kidney

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is a rare, fatal, autosomal dominant and premature aging disease, beginning in childhood and characterized by growth reduction, failure to thrive, a typical facial appearance (prominent forehead, protuberant eyes, thin nose with a beaked tip, thin lips, micrognathia and protruding ears) and distinct dermatologic features (generalized alopecia, aged-looking skin, sclerotic and dimpled skin over the abdomen and extremities, prominent cutaneous vasculature, dyspigmentation, nail hypoplasia and loss of subcutaneous fat).

HUTCHINSON-GILFORD PROGERIA SYNDROME Is also known as progeria|hgps

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Isolated hemihyperplasia is a rare overgrowth syndrome characterized by an asymmetric regional body overgrowth, involving at least one limb, and associated with an increased risk of developing embryonal tumors, principally nephroblastoma (see this term) and hepoblastoma.

ISOLATED HEMIHYPERPLASIA Is also known as hemicorporal hypertrophy|hemi 3 syndrome|hemihypertrophy, isolated|hemihyperplasia|isolated hemihypertrophy|hhp

• Seizures
• Scoliosis
• Neoplasm
• Cryptorchidism
• Hydrocephalus

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a hereditary DNA repair disorder characterized by progressive pancytopenia with bone marrow failure, variable congenital malformations and predisposition to develop hematological or solid tumors.

FANCONI ANEMIA Is also known as fanconi pancytopenia|fanconi anemia|fa

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

The JPHT syndrome includes the features of both the juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS ) and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT ) in a single individual. JPS is characterized by hamartomatous polyps occurring throughout the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in an increased risk of gastrointestinal cancer, and HHT is a vascular dysplasia characterized by telangiectases of the skin, and oral and nasal mucosa, epistaxis, and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the lungs, liver, brain, and gastrointestinal tract (summary by Gallione et al., 2010).

JUVENILE POLYPOSIS/HEREDITARY HEMORRHAGIC TELANGIECTASIA SYNDROME; JPHT Is also known as jps/hht|polyposis, generalized juvenile, with pulmonary arteriovenous malformation|telangiectasia, hereditary hemorrhagic, with juvenile polyposis coli|juvenile polyposis with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia|jp/hht syndrome

• Neoplasm
• Anemia
• Ventriculomegaly
• Dilatation
• Visual loss

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Thauvin-Robinet-Faivre syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by generalized overgrowth, mainly of height, and mildly delayed psychomotor development with mild or severe learning difficulties. More variable features may include congenital heart defects, kidney abnormalities, and skeletal defects. Patients may have an increased risk for Wilms tumor (summary by Akawi et al., 2016).

TALL STATURE-INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-RENAL ANOMALIES SYNDROME Is also known as thauvin-robinet-faivre syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Hypertelorism
• Neoplasm

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency is an X-linked inborn error of metabolism of the urea cycle which causes hyperammonemia. The disorder is treatable with supplemental dietary arginine and low protein diet.Urea cycle disorders are characterized by the triad of hyperammonemia, encephalopathy, and respiratory alkalosis. Five disorders involving different defects in the biosynthesis of the enzymes of the urea cycle have been described: OTC deficiency, carbamyl phosphate synthetase deficiency (OMIM ), argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency, or citrullinemia (OMIM ), argininosuccinate lyase deficiency (OMIM ), and arginase deficiency (OMIM ).

ORNITHINE TRANSCARBAMYLASE DEFICIENCY, HYPERAMMONEMIA DUE TO Is also known as ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency|otc deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Ataxia
• Growth delay

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Glycogen storage disease III is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by deficiency of the glycogen debrancher enzyme and associated with an accumulation of abnormal glycogen with short outer chains. Most patients are enzyme-deficient in both liver and muscle (IIIa), but about 15% are enzyme-deficient in liver only (IIIb) (Shen et al., 1996). These subtypes have been explained by differences in tissue expression of the deficient enzyme (Endo et al., 2006). In rare cases, selective loss of only 1 of the 2 debranching activities, glucosidase or transferase, results in type IIIc or IIId, respectively. (Van Hoof and Hers, 1967; Ding et al., 1990).Clinically, patients with GSD III present in infancy or early childhood with hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia, and growth retardation. Muscle weakness in those with IIIa is minimal in childhood but can become more severe in adults; some patients develop cardiomyopathy (Shen et al., 1996).Lucchiari et al. (2007) provided a review of GSD III.

GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE DUE TO GLYCOGEN BRANCHING ENZYME DEFICIENCY, CHILDHOOD COMBINED HEPATIC AND MYOPATHIC FORM Is also known as glycogenosis type iv, childhood combined hepatic and myopathic form|gde deficiency|glycogen storage disease type iv, childhood combined hepatic and myopathic form|gsd type 4, childhood combined hepatic and myopathic form|glycogenosis due to glycogen branc

• Seizures
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Growth delay

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN