Brachydactyly, and Hypogonadism

BBS4 is a rare multisystemic disorder characterized primarily by retinal dystrophy, obesity, polydactyly, and renal dysfunction that accounts for less than 3% of BBS (Katsanis et al., 2002). Anosmia has been described in patients with BBS4 (Iannaccone et al., 2005), as well as polydactyly confined to the hands (Carmi et al., 1995).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Bardet-Biedl syndrome, see BBS1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Cryptorchidism
• Cognitive impairment
• Brachydactyly
• Blindness

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

BBS5 is a ciliopathy associated with severe and early-onset retinal dystrophy, postaxial polydactyly, obesity, renal dysfunction, hypogonadism, and learning difficulties (summary by Scheidecker et al., 2015). Patients described by Young et al. (1999) and Moore et al. (2005) with mutations in the BBS5 gene did not have polydactyly. The contribution of BBS5 mutations to all cases of BBS has been estimated at 2% (Li et al., 2004) and 0.40% (Zaghloul and Katsanis, 2009).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Bardet-Biedl syndrome, see BBS1 (OMIM ).

• Cognitive impairment
• Visual impairment
• Brachydactyly
• Syndactyly
• Obesity

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

ACROMESOMELIC DYSPLASIA, DEMIRHAN TYPE; AMDD Is also known as chondrodysplasia, acromesomelic, with or without genital anomalies

• Short stature
• Brachydactyly
• Talipes equinovarus
• Hypogonadism
• Amenorrhea

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

BBS17 is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy characterized by retinitis pigmentosa, cognitive impairment, obesity, renal dysfunction, and hypogenitalism. Polydactyly, most often postaxial, is also a primary feature of BBS; in BBS17 mesoaxial polydactyly, with fused or Y-shaped metacarpals, is a distinct manifestation (Deffert et al., 2007; Schaefer et al., 2014).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Bardet-Biedl syndrome, see BBS1 (OMIM ).

• Global developmental delay
• Cognitive impairment
• Brachydactyly
• Renal insufficiency
• Obesity

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Gorlin syndrome (GS) is a genodermatosis characterized by multiple early-onset basal cell carcinoma (BCC), odontogenic keratocysts and skeletal abnormalities.

GORLIN SYNDROME Is also known as nbccs|basal cell nevus syndrome|nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome|gorlin-goltz syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Neoplasm
• Strabismus

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Alopecia-intellectual deficit syndrome is an extremely rare syndrome described in less than 20 families to date and characterized by total or partial alopecia associated with intellectual deficit. The syndrome can be associated with other anomalies such as seizures, sensorineural hearing loss, delayed psychomotor development, and/or hypertonia.

ALOPECIA-INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY SYNDROME Is also known as perniola-krajewska-carnevale syndrome|amr syndrome|apmr

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Acrodysostosis (ACRDYS) is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by severe brachydactyly, peripheral dysostosis with facial dysostosis, nasal hypoplasia, and developmental delay.

ACRODYSOSTOSIS Is also known as acrodysplasia|arkless-graham syndrome|maroteaux-malamut syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Hypertelorism
• Cryptorchidism

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Scoliosis
• Cryptorchidism
• Delayed speech and language development

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Fanconi anemia (FA) is characterized by bone marrow failure, developmental abnormalities, cancer predisposition, and cellular hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents such as mitomycin C (summary by de Winter et al., 2000).For additional general information and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Fanconi anemia, see {227650}.

FANCONI ANEMIA, COMPLEMENTATION GROUP E; FANCE Is also known as face

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

RIN2 syndrome, formerly known as macrocephaly, alopecia, cutis laxa and scoliosis (MACS) syndrome, is a very rare inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by macrocephaly, sparse scalp hair, soft-redundant and hyperextensible skin, joint hypermobility, and scoliosis. Patients have progressive facial coarsening with downslanted palpebral fissures, upper eyelid fullness/infraorbital folds, thick/everted vermillion, gingival overgrowth and abnormal position of the teeth. Rarer manifestations such as abnormal high-pitched voice, bronchiectasis, hypergonadotropic hypergonadism and brachydactyly (see this term) have also been reported.

RIN2 SYNDROME Is also known as rin2 deficiency|tall forehead, sparse hair, skin hyperextensibility, and scoliosis|tall forehead-sparse hair-skin hyperextensibility-scoliosis syndrome|macrocephaly-alopecia-cutis laxa-scoliosis syndrome|macs syndrome|macrocephaly, alopecia, cutis laxa, a

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Scoliosis
• Muscular hypotonia
• Cryptorchidism

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN