Brachydactyly, and Broad forehead

Medium match ISOLATED BRACHYCEPHALY

Isolated brachycephaly is a relatively frequent nonsyndromic craniosynostosis consisting of premature fusion of both coronal sutures leading to skull deformity with a broad flat forehead and palpable coronal ridges.

ISOLATED BRACHYCEPHALY Is also known as non-syndromic bicoronal synostosis

• Intellectual disability
• Hearing impairment
• Hypertelorism
• Brachydactyly
• Midface retrusion

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH GASTROINTESTINAL DIFFICULTIES AND HIGH PAIN THRESHOLD; IDDGIP

IDDGIP is an autosomal dominant syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability with speech delay, and behavioral abnormalities. Most patients have variable additional features, including feeding and gastrointestinal difficulties, high pain threshold and/or hypersensitivity to sound, and dysmorphic features, including mild facial abnormalities, strabismus, and small hands and feet (summary by Jansen et al., 2017).

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Strabismus

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match HOLOPROSENCEPHALY 7; HPE7

Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is the most commonly occurring congenital structural forebrain anomaly in humans. HPE is associated with mental retardation and craniofacial malformations. Considerable heterogeneity in the genetic causes of HPE has been demonstrated (Ming et al., 2002).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match TETRALOGY OF FALLOT

Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital cardiac malformation that consists of an interventricular communication, also known as a ventricular septal defect, obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract, override of the ventricular septum by the aortic root, and right ventricular hypertrophy.

• Growth delay
• Muscle weakness
• Cryptorchidism
• Anemia
• Brachydactyly

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match CHAR SYNDROME

Char syndrome is characterized by the triad of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), facial dysmorphism and hand anomalies.

CHAR SYNDROME Is also known as patent ductus arteriosus with facial dysmorphism and abnormal fifth digits

• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Hypertelorism
• Strabismus
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Medium match SHORT STATURE, FACIAL DYSMORPHISM, AND SKELETAL ANOMALIES WITH OR WITHOUT CARDIAC ANOMALIES; SSFSC

Patients with SSFSC have short stature, facial dysmorphism, and skeletal anomalies with or without cardiac anomalies. Distinctive facial features include midface retrusion, short upturned nose, long philtrum, high-arched or cleft palate, and variable degrees of micrognathia and dental crowding. Skeletal anomalies include patterning defects of the axial skeleton, characterized by 11 pairs of ribs and brachydactyly of the fifth ray. Congenital heart defects are variably observed and appear to involve primarily the cardiac outflow tract (Tan et al., 2017).

• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Micrognathia
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match 5Q14.3 MICRODELETION SYNDROME

The newly described 5q14.3 microdeletion syndrome includes severe intellectual deficit with no speech, stereotypic movements and epilepsy.

5Q14.3 MICRODELETION SYNDROME Is also known as monosomy 5q14.3|del(5)(q14.3)|mental retardation, stereotypic movements, epilepsy, and/or cerebral malformations

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match PFEIFFER SYNDROME

Pfeiffer syndrome is an autosomal dominant craniosynostosis syndrome with characteristic anomalies of the hands and feet. Three clinical subtypes, which have important diagnostic and prognostic implications, have been identified. Type 1, the classic syndrome, is compatible with life and consists of craniosynostosis, midface deficiency, broad thumbs, broad great toes, brachydactyly, and variable syndactyly. Type 2 consists of cloverleaf skull with Pfeiffer hands and feet, together with ankylosis of the elbows. Type 3 is similar to type 2 but without cloverleaf skull. Ocular proptosis is severe, and the anterior cranial base is markedly short. Various visceral malformations have been found in association with type 3. Early demise is characteristic of types 2 and 3 (Cohen, 1993). Cohen and Barone (1994) further tabulated the findings in the 3 types of Pfeiffer syndrome.

PFEIFFER SYNDROME Is also known as acrocephalosyndactyly, type v|noack syndrome|acs5|acs v

• Intellectual disability
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match MICROGNATHIA-RECURRENT INFECTIONS-BEHAVIORAL ABNORMALITIES-MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY SYNDROME

Autosomal dominant mental retardation-44 is characterized by mildly delayed global development, resulting in variable intellectual deficits or learning difficulties, distinctive facial features, and abnormalities of the fingers, particularly brachydactyly, tapering fingers, and broad interphalangeal joints. Most patients also have microcephaly; additional features are highly variable (summary by Ba et al., 2016).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match POTOCKI-SHAFFER SYNDROME

Potocki-Shaffer syndrome is characterized by multiple exostoses, parietal foramina, enlargement of the anterior fontanelle and occasionally intellectual deficit and mild cranio-facial anomalies. To date, 23 individuals from 14 families have been reported. The syndrome is caused by contiguous gene deletions on the short arm of chromosome 11 (11p11.2).

POTOCKI-SHAFFER SYNDROME Is also known as proximal 11p deletion syndrome|defect11 syndrome|pss|chromosome 11p11.2 deletion syndrome|11p11.2 deletion|p11pds

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN