Ataxia, and Sparse hair

Low match 46,XX GONADAL DYSGENESIS

46,XX gonadal dysgenesis (46,XX GD) is a primary ovarian defect leading to premature ovarian failure (POF; see this term) in otherwise normal 46,XX females as a result of failure of the gonads to develop or due to resistance to gonadotrophin stimulation.

46,XX GONADAL DYSGENESIS Is also known as xx female gonadal dysgenesis|46,xx pure gonadal dysgenesis|46,xx complete gonadal dysgenesis|follicular stimulating hormone-resistant ovaries|hypergonadotropic ovarian dysgenesis|xx-gd|46,xx ovarian dysgenesis|fsh-ro

• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Ataxia
• Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis

SOURCES: ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Low match SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA 42, EARLY-ONSET, SEVERE, WITH NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DEFICITS; SCA42ND

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match SEVERE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-CORPUS CALLOSUM AGENESIS-FACIAL DYSMORPHISM-CEREBELLAR ATAXIA SYNDROME

SEVERE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY-CORPUS CALLOSUM AGENESIS-FACIAL DYSMORPHISM-CEREBELLAR ATAXIA SYNDROME Is also known as birk-flusser syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Ataxia
• Growth delay

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Low match DYSKERATOSIS CONGENITA, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE 6; DKCB6

Autosomal recessive dyskeratosis congenita-6 is a bone marrow failure disorder associated with abnormal skin pigmentation, nail dystrophy, oral leukoplakia, microcephaly, and developmental delay (summary by Tummala et al., 2015).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of dyskeratosis congenita, see DKCA1 (OMIM ).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM 1 WITH OR WITHOUT ANOSMIA; HH1

Congenital idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) is a disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism can be caused by an isolated defect in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH ) release, action, or both. Other associated nonreproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss, occur with variable frequency. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism has been called 'Kallmann syndrome (KS),' whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed 'normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH)' (summary by Raivio et al., 2007). Because families have been found to segregate both KS and nIHH, the disorder is here referred to as 'hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with or without anosmia.'For information on the autosomal forms of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with or without anosmia, see {147950}.

HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM 1 WITH OR WITHOUT ANOSMIA; HH1 Is also known as anosmic hypogonadism|hha|kallmann syndrome 1|dysplasia olfactogenitalis of de morsier|hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia|kms|kal1

• Hearing impairment
• Ataxia
• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Cleft palate
• Cryptorchidism

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match REVESZ SYNDROME

Revesz syndrome is a rare severe phenotypic variant of dyskeratosis congenita (DC; see this term) with an onset in early childhood, characterized by features of DC (e.g. skin hyper/hypopigmentation, nail dystrophy, oral leukoplakia, high risk of bone marrow failure (BMF) and cancer, developmental delay sparse and fine hair) in conjunction with bilateral exudative retinopathy, and intracranial calcifications.

REVESZ SYNDROME Is also known as exudative retinopathy with bone marrow failure|dkca5|dyskeratosis congenita, autosomal dominant 5|dyskeratosis congenita with bilateral exudative retinopathy|retinopathy-anemia-central nervous system anomalies syndrome|revesz-debuse syndrome

• Global developmental delay
• Ataxia
• Growth delay
• Nystagmus
• Anemia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Low match CARASIL

CARASIL is a hereditary cerebral small vessel disease characterized by early-onset gait disturbances, premature scalp alopecia, ischemic stroke, acute mid to lower back pain and progressive cognitive disturbances leading to severe dementia.

CARASIL Is also known as cerebrovascular disease with thin skin, alopecia, and disc disease|subcortical vascular encephalopathy, progressive|maeda syndrome|cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy

• Ataxia
• Nystagmus
• Pain
• Spasticity
• Cognitive impairment

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Low match OLIVER-MCFARLANE SYNDROME; OMCS

Oliver-McFarlane syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by trichomegaly, severe chorioretinal atrophy and multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies, including growth hormone (GH ), gonadotropins (see {118860}), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; see {118850}). Thyroid and GH abnormalities may be present at birth and, if untreated, result in intellectual impairment and profound short stature. Congenital hypogonadism occurs in half of patients, and nearly all have documented hypogonadotropic hypogonadism during puberty, with subsequent reproductive dysfunction. Chorioretinal atrophy is typically noted in the first 5 years of life. Half of reported cases have spinocerebellar involvement, including ataxia, spastic paraplegia, and peripheral neuropathy (summary by Hufnagel et al., 2015).Laurence-Moon syndrome (OMIM ) is an allelic disorder with overlapping features.

OLIVER-MCFARLANE SYNDROME; OMCS Is also known as eyelashes, long, with mental retardation|trichomegaly with mental retardation, dwarfism, and pigmentary degeneration of retina

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Ataxia
• Growth delay
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY 4, NONPHOTOSENSITIVE; TTD4

Trichothiodystrophy is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which patients have brittle, sulfur-deficient hair that displays a diagnostic alternating light and dark banding pattern, called 'tiger tail banding,' under polarizing microscopy. TTD patients display a wide variety of clinical features, including cutaneous, neurologic, and growth abnormalities. Common additional clinical features are ichthyosis, intellectual/developmental disabilities, decreased fertility, abnormal characteristics at birth, ocular abnormalities, short stature, and infections. There are both photosensitive and nonphotosensitive forms of the disorder (summary by Faghri et al., 2008).Sabinas brittle hair syndrome (OMIM ) is another form of nonphotosensitive TTD.For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of trichothiodystrophy, see {601675}.

TRICHOTHIODYSTROPHY 4, NONPHOTOSENSITIVE; TTD4 Is also known as trichothiodystrophy-neurocutaneous syndrome|pollitt syndrome|abhs|trichothiodystrophy, nonphotosensitive 1|bids syndrome|ttdn1|amish brittle hair brain syndrome|hair-brain syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Low match JABERI-ELAHI SYNDROME; JABELS

JABELS is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by developmental delay and intellectual disability with additional variable features. Patients have onset of symptoms in infancy, but the severity is highly variable. Some patients have social interaction and learn to walk but have an ataxic gait and abnormal movements, such as tremor or dystonia, whereas others do not achieve any motor control and are unable to speak. Additional features may include retinal anomalies, visual impairment, microcephaly, abnormal foot or hand posturing, and kyphoscoliosis; some patients have dysmorphic facial features or seizures. Brain imaging typically shows cerebellar atrophy and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum (summary by Jaberi et al., 2016 and Bertoli-Avella et al., 2018).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN