Ataxia, and Hyperlordosis

Medium match AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA TYPE 44

Autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 44 (SPG44) is a very rare, complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a late-onset, slowly progressive spastic paraplegia associated with mild ataxia and dysarthria, upper extremity involvement (i.e. loss of finger dexterity, dysmetria), and mild cognitive impairment, without the presence of nystagmus. A hypomyelinating leukodystrophy and thin corpus callosum is observed in all cases and psychomotor development is normal or near normal. SPG44 is caused by mutations in the GJC2 gene (1q41-q42) encoding the gap junction gamma-2 protein.

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA TYPE 44 Is also known as spg44

• Seizures
• Scoliosis
• Ataxia
• Nystagmus
• Strabismus

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MESH MENDELIAN

Medium match MENTAL RETARDATION, X-LINKED, SYNDROMIC, BAIN TYPE; MRXSB

MRXSB is an X-linked dominant neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability with behavioral abnormalities, and dysmorphic facial features. Additional variable features include musculoskeletal abnormalities, seizures, acquired microcephaly, and feeding problems with poor overall growth. Only females are affected (summary by Bain et al., 2016).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match MACROCEPHALY, DYSMORPHIC FACIES, AND PSYCHOMOTOR RETARDATION; MDFPMR

Macrocephaly, dysmorphic facies, and psychomotor retardation (MDFPMR) is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by large head and somatic overgrowth apparent at birth followed by global developmental delay. Affected individuals have characteristic dysmorphic facial features and persistently large head, but increased birth weight normalizes with age. Additional neurologic features, including seizures, hypotonia, and gait ataxia, may also occur. Patients show severe intellectual impairment (summary by Ortega-Recalde et al., 2015).

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match DYSTONIA, DOPA-RESPONSIVE; DRD

DYSTONIA, DOPA-RESPONSIVE; DRD Is also known as dystonia, progressive, with diurnal variation|dystonia 5|segawa syndrome, autosomal dominant|dystonia, dopa-responsive, autosomal dominant|dopa-responsive dystonia, autosomal dominant|dystonia-parkinsonism with diurnal fluctuation|dyt5

• Intellectual disability
• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Nystagmus
• Spasticity

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA-SEVERE DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY-EPILEPSY SYNDROME

Spastic paraplegia-severe developmental delay-epilepsy syndrome is a rare, genetic, complex spastic paraplegia disorder characterized by an infantile-onset of psychomotor developmental delay with severe intellectual disability and poor speech acquisition, associated with seizures (mostly myoclonic), muscular hypotonia which may be noted at birth, and slowly progressive spasticity in the lower limbs leading to severe gait disturbances. Ocular abnormalities and incontinence are commonly associated. Other symptoms may include verbal dyspraxia, hypogenitalism, macrocephaly and sensorineural hearing loss, as well as dystonic movements and ataxia with upper limb involvement.

SPASTIC PARAPLEGIA-SEVERE DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY-EPILEPSY SYNDROME Is also known as spastic paraplegia-psychomotor retardation-seizures syndrome|spprs syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match MICROCEPHALY, SHORT STATURE, AND IMPAIRED GLUCOSE METABOLISM 2; MSSGM2

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE LIMB-GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY TYPE 2S

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2S (LGMD2S) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by childhood-onset of progressive proximal muscle weakness (leading to reduced ambulation) with myalgia and fatigue, in addition to infantile hyperkinetic movements, truncal ataxia, and intellectual disability. Additional manifestations include scoliosis, hip dysplasia, and less commonly, ocular features (e.g. myopia, cataract) and seizures.

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE LIMB-GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY TYPE 2S Is also known as muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle, type 2s|lgmd2s

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Medium match TRICHORHINOPHALANGEAL SYNDROME, TYPE I; TRPS1

Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I is a malformation syndrome characterized by distinctive craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities and is inherited as an autosomal dominant (Momeni et al., 2000). TRPS I patients have sparse scalp hair, bulbous tip of the nose, long flat philtrum, thin upper vermilion border, and protruding ears. Skeletal abnormalities include cone-shaped epiphyses at the phalanges, hip malformations, and short stature.

TRICHORHINOPHALANGEAL SYNDROME, TYPE I; TRPS1 Is also known as trps i

• Intellectual disability
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Scoliosis
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match ALEXANDER DISEASE; ALXDRD

In decreasing order of frequency, 3 forms of Alexander disease are recognized, based on age of onset: infantile, juvenile, and adult. Younger patients typically present with seizures, megalencephaly, developmental delay, and spasticity. In older patients, bulbar or pseudobulbar symptoms predominate, frequently accompanied by spasticity. The disease is progressive, with most patients dying within 10 years of onset. Imaging studies of the brain typically show cerebral white matter abnormalities, preferentially affecting the frontal region (Gorospe et al., 2002). All 3 forms have been shown to be caused by mutations in the GFAP gene.

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Scoliosis
• Ataxia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Medium match CAMURATI-ENGELMANN DISEASE

Camurati-Englemann disease (CED) is a rare, clinically variable bone dysplasia syndrome characterized by hyperostosis of the long bones, skull, spine and pelvis, associated with severe pain in the extremities, a wide-based waddling gait, joint contractures, muscle weakness and easy fatigability. Camurati-Englemann disease (CED) is a rare, clinically variable bone dysplasia syndrome characterized by hyperostosis of the long bones, skull, spine and pelvis, associated with severe pain in the extremities, a wide-based waddling gait, joint contractures, muscle weakness and easy fatigability.

CAMURATI-ENGELMANN DISEASE Is also known as diaphyseal dysplasia 1, progressive|engelmann disease|progressive diaphyseal dysplasia|dpd1|ced|pdd

• Hearing impairment
• Scoliosis
• Ataxia
• Muscle weakness
• Abnormal facial shape

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN