Ataxia, and Hepatomegaly

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Ataxia
• Delayed speech and language development
• Hepatomegaly

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

X-linked sideroblastic anemia is a constitutional microcytic, hypochromic anemia of varying severity that is clinically characterized by manifestations of anemia and iron overload and that may respond to treatment with pyridoxine and folic acid.

X-LINKED SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA Is also known as anemia, hereditary sideroblastic|xlsa|anemia, hypochromic|anemia, sideroblastic, x-linked|anh1|hereditary iron-loading anemia

• Ataxia
• Muscle weakness
• Anemia
• Hepatomegaly
• Fatigue

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Muscular hypotonia

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia-21 is a neurologic disorder characterized by onset of cerebellar ataxia associated with cerebellar atrophy in early childhood. Affected individuals also have recurrent episodes of liver failure in the first decade, resulting in chronic liver fibrosis, as well as later onset of a peripheral neuropathy. Mild learning disabilities may also occur (summary by Schmidt et al., 2015).

ACUTE INFANTILE LIVER FAILURE-CEREBELLAR ATAXIA-PERIPHERAL SENSORY MOTOR NEUROPATHY SYNDROME Is also known as spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 21, with hepatopathy|autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 21|scar21

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Ataxia
• Muscle weakness
• Spasticity

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma is a lymph node cancer of germinal center B-cell origin. Hodgkin lymphoma tumors consist of a minority of malignant cells, known as 'Reed-Sternberg' (RS) cells, mixed with reactive lymphocytes and other benign inflammatory cells. A defining feature of RS cells is the presence of 2 nuclei (summary by Salipante et al., 2009).

LYMPHOMA, HODGKIN, CLASSIC; CHL Is also known as hodgkin disease

• Ataxia
• Neoplasm
• Peripheral neuropathy
• Hepatomegaly
• Fever

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Methylmalonic aciduria is a genetically heterogeneous disorder of methylmalonate and cobalamin (cbl; vitamin B12) metabolism. Different forms of isolated methylmalonic aciduria have been classified according to complementation groups of cells in vitro. Patients with defects in the synthesis of AdoCbl are usually responsive to vitamin B12 therapy and are classified as 'cbl' type: these include cblB and cblA (OMIM ). The cblA type is caused by mutation in the MMAA gene (OMIM ). The 'mut' type (OMIM ) is caused by mutation in the MUT gene; in general, the mut form of MMA is unresponsive to vitamin B12 therapy.Combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria may be seen in complementation groups cblC (OMIM ), cblD (OMIM ), and cblF (OMIM ).

VITAMIN B12-RESPONSIVE METHYLMALONIC ACIDEMIA TYPE CBLB Is also known as vitamin b12-responsive methylmalonic aciduria, type cblb|methylmalonic acidemia, cblb type|methylmalonic aciduria, vitamin b12-responsive, due to defect in synthesis of adenosylcobalamin, cblb type

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Dihydrofolate reductase deficiency is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized by the hematologic findings of megaloblastic anemia and variable neurologic symptoms, ranging from severe developmental delay and generalized seizures in infancy (Banka et al., 2011) to childhood absence epilepsy with learning difficulties to lack of symptoms (Cario et al., 2011). Treatment with folinic acid can ameliorate some of the symptoms.

CONSTITUTIONAL MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA WITH SEVERE NEUROLOGIC DISEASE Is also known as dihydrofolate reductase deficiency|dhfr deficiency

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly
• Ataxia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome-2 (MMDS2) with hyperglycinemia is a severe autosomal recessive disorder characterized by developmental regression in infancy. Affected children have an encephalopathic disease course with seizures, spasticity, loss of head control, and abnormal movement. Additional more variable features include optic atrophy, cardiomyopathy, and leukodystrophy. Laboratory studies show increased serum glycine and lactate. Most patients die in childhood. The disorder represents a form of 'variant' nonketotic hyperglycinemia and is distinct from classic nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH, or GCE; {605899}), which is characterized by significantly increased CSF glycine. Several forms of 'variant' NKH, including MMDS2, appear to result from defects of mitochondrial lipoate biosynthesis (summary by Baker et al., 2014).For a general description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome, see MMDS1 (OMIM ).

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Spasticity

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Arginase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive amino acid metabolism disorder characterized clinically by variable degrees of hyperammonemia, developing from about 3 years of age, and leading to progressive loss of developmental milestones and spasticity in the absence of treatment.

ARGININEMIA Is also known as arg1 deficiency|arginase deficiency|hyperargininemia

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Argininosuccinic aciduria (ASA) is a disorder of urea cycle metabolism most commonly characterized by either a severe, neonatal-onset form that manifests with hyperammonemia accompanied with vomiting, hypothermia, lethargy and poor feeding in the first few days of life, or late-onset forms (any age outside the newborn period) that manifest with stress or infection-induced episodic hyperammonemia or, in some, behavioral abnormalities and/or learning disabilities. Patients often manifest liver dysfunction.

ARGININOSUCCINIC ACIDURIA Is also known as argininosuccinic acid lyase deficiency|asa deficiency|argininosuccinase deficiency|argininosuccinatelyase deficiency|argininosuccinate lyase deficiency|asl deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Ataxia

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN