Anemia, and Severe short stature

• Global developmental delay
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Abnormal facial shape
• Anemia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Stormorken-Sjaastad-Langslet syndrome is characterized by thrombocytopathy, asplenia, miosis, muscle fatigue, migraine, dyslexia, and ichthyosis. It has been described in six members of one family. It is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait.

STORMORKEN-SJAASTAD-LANGSLET SYNDROME Is also known as thrombocytopathy-asplenia-miosis syndrome|york platelet syndrome|thrombocytopathy, asplenia, and miosis|yps|stormorken syndrome

• Short stature
• Muscle weakness
• Anemia
• Fatigue
• Myopathy

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Omenn syndrome (OS) is an inflammatory condition characterized by erythroderma, desquamation, alopecia, chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly, associated with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID; see this term).

OMENN SYNDROME Is also known as combined immunodeficiency with hypereosinophilia|reticuloendotheliosis, familial, with eosinophilia|severe combined immunodeficiency with hypereosinophilia

• Failure to thrive
• Anemia
• Hepatomegaly
• Fever
• Edema

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

XFE PROGEROID SYNDROME; XFEPS Is also known as xpf-ercc1 progeroid syndrome

• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis
• Ataxia
• Neoplasm

SOURCES: MESH OMIM MENDELIAN

Kenny-Caffey syndrome is characterized by severe proportionate short stature, cortical thickening and medullary stenosis of the tubular bones, delayed closure of the anterior fontanel, eye abnormalities, and transient hypocalcemia. Patients with autosomal dominant KCS type 2 have normal intelligence (Kenny and Linarelli, 1966; Caffey, 1967; summary by Isojima et al., 2014).See KCS1 (OMIM ) for a discussion of an autosomal recessive form of Kenny-Caffey syndrome.

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT KENNY-CAFFEY SYNDROME Is also known as kenny syndrome|dwarfism, cortical thickening of tubular bones, and transient hypocalcemia

• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Growth delay
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Galactosialidosis is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by coarse facial features, macular ''cherry red spot'', and dysostosis multiplex. Clinical presentation can be heterogenous ranging from a severe, early-onset, rapidly progressive infantile form to late onset, slowly progressive juvenile/adult form.

GALACTOSIALIDOSIS Is also known as ppca deficiency|lysosomal protective protein deficiency|goldberg syndrome|ngbe|cathepsin a deficiency|protective protein/cathepsin a deficiency|neuraminidase/beta-galactosidase expression|neuraminidase deficiency with beta-galactosidase deficiency

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Hearing impairment
• Ataxia

SOURCES: MESH ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Spondyloenchondrodysplasia with immune dysregulation (SPENCDI) is an immunoosseous dysplasia combining the typical metaphyseal and vertebral bone lesions of spondyloenchondrodysplasia (SPENCD) with immune dysfunction and neurologic involvement. The skeletal dysplasia is characterized by radiolucent and irregular spondylar and metaphyseal lesions that represent islands of chondroid tissue within bone. The vertebral bodies show dorsally accentuated platyspondyly with disturbance of ossification. Clinical abnormalities such as short stature, rhizomelic micromelia, increased lumbar lordosis, barrel chest, facial anomalies, and clumsy movements may be present (Menger et al., 1989). Central nervous system involvement includes spasticity, mental retardation, and cerebral calcifications, and immune dysregulation ranges from autoimmunity to immunodeficiency. Neurologic and autoimmune manifestations have been observed in different combinations within a single family, suggesting that this disorder may be defined by specific radiographic features but has remarkably pleiotropic manifestations (Renella et al., 2006). Briggs et al. (2016) also noted variability in skeletal, neurologic, and immune phenotypes, which was sometimes marked between members of the same family. Classification of the EnchondromatosesIn their classification of the enchondromatoses, Spranger et al. (1978) called Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome types I and II enchondromatosis, respectively; metachondromatosis (OMIM ), type III; and spondyloenchondrodysplasia (SPENCD), also called spondyloenchondromatosis, type IV; enchondromatosis with irregular vertebral lesions, type V; and generalized enchondromatosis, type VI. Halal and Azouz (1991) added 3 tentative categories to the 6 in the classification of Spranger et al. (1978).Pansuriya et al. (2010) suggested a new classification of enchondromatosis (multiple enchondromas).

SPONDYLOENCHONDRODYSPLASIA WITH IMMUNE DYSREGULATION; SPENCDI Is also known as spencd|combined immunodeficiency with autoimmunity and spondylometaphyseal dysplasia|roifman immunoskeletal syndrome

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Spasticity
• Low-set ears

SOURCES: MESH OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Bloom syndrome (BSyn) is a rare chromosomal breakage syndrome characterized by a marked genetic instability associated with pre- and postnatal growth retardation, facial sun-sensitive telangiectatic erythema, increased susceptibility to infections, and predisposition to cancer.

BLOOM SYNDROME Is also known as bls|microcephaly, growth restriction, and increased sister chromatid exchange 1|bs|bsyn|mgrisce1

• Short stature
• Microcephaly
• Growth delay
• Neoplasm
• Failure to thrive

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MESH MENDELIAN

Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a mitochondrial disease characterized by progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), pigmentary retinitis and an onset before the age of 20 years. Common additional features include deafness, cerebellar ataxia and heart block.

KEARNS-SAYRE SYNDROME Is also known as ophthalmoplegia, pigmentary degeneration of retina, and cardiomyopathy|cpeo with myopathy|oculocraniosomatic syndrome|ophthalmoplegia, progressive external, with ragged-red fibers|cpeo with ragged-red fibers|chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia wi

• Seizures
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Microcephaly

SOURCES: OMIM MESH ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Seckel syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, dwarfism, microcephaly with mental retardation, and a characteristic 'bird-headed' facial appearance (Shanske et al., 1997). Genetic Heterogeneity of Seckel SyndromeOther forms of Seckel syndrome include SCKL2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the RBBP8 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 18q11; SCKL4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CENPJ gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 13q12; SCKL5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CEP152 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 15q21; SCKL6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CEP63 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 3q22; SCKL7 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the NIN gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 14q22; SCKL8 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the DNA2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 10q21; SCKL9 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TRAIP gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 3p21; and SCKL10 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the NSMCE2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 8q24.The report of a Seckel syndrome locus on chromosome 14q, designated SCKL3, by Kilinc et al. (2003) was found to be in error; see HISTORY.

SECKEL SYNDROME 1; SCKL1 Is also known as bird-headed dwarfism|nanocephalic dwarfism|sckl|microcephalic primordial dwarfism i|seckel-type dwarfism

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Microcephaly
• Scoliosis

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN