Anemia, and Arrhythmia

Ss blood group antigens reside on the red-cell glycoprotein GYPB. The S and s antigens result from a polymorphism at amino acid 29 of GYPB, where S has met29 and s has thr29. The U antigen refers to a short extracellular sequence in GYPB located near the membrane. GYPB, glycophorin A (GYPA ), and glycophorin E (GYPE ) are closely linked on chromosome 4q31. Antigens of the MN blood group (OMIM ) reside on GYPA. The M and N antigens differ at amino acids 1 and 5 of GYPA, where M is ser-ser-thr-thr-gly, and N is leu-ser-thr-thr-glu. The N terminus of GYPB is essentially identical to that of GYPA except that it always expresses the N antigen, denoted 'N' or N-prime. Recombination and gene conversion between GYPA, GYPB, and GYPE lead to hybrid glycophorin molecules and generation of low-incidence antigens. Thus, the MN and Ss blood groups are together referred to as the MNSs blood group system (see {111300}). Recombination results in 3 glycophorin-null phenotypes: En(a-) cells lack GYPA due to recombination between GYPA and GYPB; GYPB-negative (S-s-U-) cells lack GYPB due to recombination in GYPB; and M(k) cells (M-N-S-s-U-) lack both GYPA and GYPB due to recombination between GYPA and GYPE. Individuals with glycophorin-null phenotypes have decreased sialic acid content and increased resistance to malarial infection (see {611162}). GYPA and GYPB are not essential for red-cell development or survival, and GYPA- and GYPB-null phenotypes are not associated with anemia or altered red-cell function (review by Cooling, 2015).

BLOOD GROUP, SS; SS Is also known as ss blood group

• Neoplasm
• Anemia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

• Anemia
• Hyperpigmentation of the skin

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Orthostatic hypotension-2 is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe orthostatic hypotension, recurrent hypoglycemia, and low norepinephrine levels. The disorder has onset in infancy or early childhood. Some patients may also have renal dysfunction and reduced life expectancy. The disorder results from a defect in the biosynthesis of norepinephrine from dopamine due to a cofactor deficiency.For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of ORTHYP, see ORTHYP1 (OMIM ).

• Anemia
• Hypoglycemia
• Vertigo
• Tachycardia
• Hypotension

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

MN antigens reside on GYPA, one of the most abundant red-cell glycoproteins. The M and N antigens are 2 autosomal codominant antigens encoded by the first 5 amino acids of GYPA and include 3 O-linked glycans as part of the epitope. M and N differ at amino acids 1 and 5, where M is ser-ser-thr-thr-gly, and N is leu-ser-thr-thr-glu. M is the ancestral GYPA allele and is common in all human populations and Old World apes. GYPA, glycophorin B (GYPB ), and glycophorin E (GYPE ) are closely linked on chromosome 4q31. The N terminus of GYPB is essentially identical to that of GYPA except that it always expresses the N antigen, denoted 'N' or N-prime. Antigens of the Ss blood group (OMIM ) reside on GYPB, and recombination and gene conversion between GYPA, GYPB, and GYPE lead to hybrid glycophorin molecules and generation of low-incidence antigens. Thus, the MN and Ss blood groups are together referred to as the MNSs or MNS blood group system. The U antigen refers to a short extracellular sequence in GYPB located near the membrane. Recombination results in 3 glycophorin-null phenotypes: En(a-) cells lack GYPA due to recombination between GYPA and GYPB; GYPB-negative (S-s-U-) cells lack GYPB due to recombination in GYPB; and M(k) cells (M-N-S-s-U-) lack both GYPA and GYPB due to recombination between GYPA and GYPE. Individuals with glycophorin-null phenotypes have decreased sialic acid content and increased resistance to malarial infection (see {611162}). GYPA and GYPB are not essential for red-cell development or survival, and GYPA- and GYPB-null phenotypes are not associated with anemia or altered red-cell function (review by Cooling, 2015).

BLOOD GROUP, MN; MN Is also known as mn blood group

• Neoplasm
• Anemia
• Leukemia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) is an autosomal recessive variant of familial long QT syndrome (see this term) characterized by congenital profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, a long QT interval on electrocardiogram and ventricular tachyarrhythmias.

JERVELL AND LANGE-NIELSEN SYNDROME Is also known as long qt interval-deafness syndrome

• Seizures
• Hearing impairment
• Diarrhea
• Sudden cardiac death
• Syncope

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

The Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital deafness, prolongation of the QT interval, syncopal attacks due to ventricular arrhythmias, and a high risk of sudden death (Jervell and Lange-Nielsen, 1957).

JERVELL AND LANGE-NIELSEN SYNDROME 1; JLNS1 Is also known as prolonged qt interval in ekg and sudden death|deafness, congenital, and functional heart disease|surdo-cardiac syndrome|cardioauditory syndrome of jervell and lange-nielsen

• Seizures
• Hearing impairment
• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Pain
• Anemia

SOURCES: OMIM MENDELIAN

Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II (CDA II) is the most common form of CDA (see this term) characterized by anemia, jaundice and splenomegaly and often leading to liver iron overload and gallstones.

CONGENITAL DYSERYTHROPOIETIC ANEMIA TYPE II Is also known as dyserythropoietic anemia, congenital, type ii|cda ii|sec23b-cdg|hempas|hereditary erythroblastic multinuclearity with positive acidified-serum test|cda type ii|cda type 2|hereditary erythroblastic multinuclearity with a positive acidified-serum test (hemp

• Anemia
• Hepatomegaly
• Congestive heart failure
• Splenomegaly
• Arrhythmia

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

Acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia is one of a group of disorders known as the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) characterised by ineffective haemopoiesis affecting one or more blood cell lineages (myeloid, erythroid or megakaryocytic) leading to peripheral blood cytopenias and an increased risk of developing leukaemia. Acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia is now more commonly referred to as refractory anaemia with ringed sideroblasts or the acronym RARS.

ACQUIRED IDIOPATHIC SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA Is also known as rars|primary acquired sideroblastic anemia|refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts|aisa

• Pain
• Anemia
• Fatigue
• Respiratory distress
• Congestive heart failure

SOURCES: OMIM ORPHANET MENDELIAN

Hereditary spherocytosis is a congenital hemolytic anemia with a wide clinical spectrum (from symptom-free carriers to severe hemolysis) characterized by anemia, variable jaundice, splenomegaly and cholelithiasis.

HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS Is also known as sph|hs|minkowski-chauffard disease|hs1|spherocytosis, hereditary, 1

• Short stature
• Anemia
• Fatigue
• Abnormality of the skeletal system
• Cardiomyopathy

SOURCES: ORPHANET OMIM MENDELIAN

• Anemia
• Fever
• Weight loss
• Dyspnea
• Hepatosplenomegaly

SOURCES: ORPHANET MESH OMIM MENDELIAN