Segawa Syndrome, Autosomal Recessive

Description

Segawa syndrome is an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder characterized by onset in infancy of dopa-responsive dystonia. There are 2 main phenotypes: one is a severe complex encephalopathy apparent in the perinatal period, with diurnal fluctuations and autonomic disturbances, and the other shows a less severe course with onset in the first year of life of a progressive hypokinetic-rigid syndrome and generalized dystonia. The less severe type shows a better response to levodopa compared to the more severe type (summary by Stamelou et al., 2012).See also infantile parkinsonism-dystonia syndrome (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the SLC6A3 gene (OMIM ).

Clinical Features

Top most frequent phenotypes and symptoms related to Segawa Syndrome, Autosomal Recessive

  • Generalized hypotonia
  • Pica
  • Ataxia
  • Motor delay
  • Ptosis
  • Feeding difficulties
  • Delayed speech and language development
  • Dysarthria
  • Fever
  • Tremor
And another 38 symptoms. If you need more information about this disease we can help you.
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Incidence and onset information

Not enough data available about incidence and published cases.


Mendelian

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Segawa Syndrome, Autosomal Recessive Recommended genes panels

Panel Name, Specifity and genes Tested/covered
GeneAware Complete Panel Version 2 (Female).

By Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories in United States.

FMR1, UBE3A, ACADM, AGL, ACADVL, ALDOB, PC, USH1C, ALPL, BTD, ATP7B, BCKDHA, BCKDHB, BCS1L, GAA, HBB, MMACHC, SLC37A4, HSD17B4, CPT2 , (...)

View the complete list with 139 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
GeneAware Complete Panel Version 2 (Male).

By Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories in United States.

UBE3A, ACADM, AGL, ACADVL, ALDOB, PC, USH1C, ALPL, BTD, ATP7B, BCKDHA, BCKDHB, BCS1L, GAA, HBB, MMACHC, SLC37A4, HSD17B4, CPT2, GNPTAB , (...)

View the complete list with 129 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Complete Dopa-Responsive Dystonia (DYT5) Evaluation.

By Athena Diagnostics Inc in United States.

TH, GCH1
Specificity
50 %
Genes
100 %
TH DNA Sequencing Test (DYT5).

By Athena Diagnostics Inc in United States.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia.

By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University in United States.

PTEN, ATP7B, AUH, PSEN1, HPRT1, AFG3L2, FOXRED1, PANK2, SCP2, GAMT, SPR, SUCLA2, PINK1, TIMM8A, MMADHC, SUOX, PTS, QDPR, MPV17, SDHAF1 , (...)

View the complete list with 57 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Movement Disorders Panel.

By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University in United States.

PTEN, ATP7B, AUH, PSEN1, HPRT1, TRIM32, POLG, AFG3L2, FOXRED1, PANK2, SCP2, GAMT, SPR, SUCLA2, PARK7, PINK1, SQSTM1, TIMM8A, MMADHC, SUOX , (...)

View the complete list with 72 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Parkinson's Disease.

By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University in United States.

POLG, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, GBA, TH, PLA2G6, MAPT, GCH1, LRRK2, SNCA, DCTN1, ATP1A3, ATP13A2, TAF1, CSF1R, FBXO7, SLC6A3, VPS35
Specificity
6 %
Genes
100 %
Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency.

By Medical Genetics Laboratory, Kennedy Center Juliane Marie Center, Rigshospitalet in Denmark.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia Exome Panel.

By Genetic Services Laboratory University of Chicago in United States.

AARS2, UQCRQ, ATP7B, AUH, BCS1L, PSEN1, GLB1, HPRT1, POLG, NDUFS4, AFG3L2, FOXRED1, NDUFAF2, PANK2, MECP2, NDUFA12, NDUFA9, TTC19, NDUFA10, SCP2 , (...)

View the complete list with 150 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Ataxia Exome Panel.

By Genetic Services Laboratory University of Chicago in United States.

FMR1, TTR, UBE3A, AARS2, ABHD12, PC, UQCRQ, UQCRB, HLCS, BTD, ATP7B, ATPAF2, AUH, BCKDHA, BCKDHB, BCS1L, TWNK, C12orf65, ADSL, PRKCG , (...)

View the complete list with 460 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
TH.

By Institute for Human Genetics University Clinic Freiburg in Germany.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
TH Gene Sequencing.

By GeneDx in United States.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Related Inborn Errors of Metabolism Panel.

By GeneDx in United States.

MTHFR, ARG1, BTD, MMACHC, OPA3, SPR, ABCD1, PTS, GALC, GBE1, CYP27A1, ARSA, TH, GCH1
Specificity
8 %
Genes
100 %
Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Deficient Dopa-Responsive Dystonia.

By Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust in United Kingdom.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
TH. Complete sequencing.

By Instituto de Medicina Genomica Instituto de Medicina Genomica in Spain.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Segawa syndrome (sequence analysis of TH gene).

By CGC Genetics in Portugal.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Parkinson disease (NGS panel for 33 genes).

By CGC Genetics in Portugal.

POLG, HTRA2, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, SNCB, GBA, TH, PLA2G6, MAPT, GCH1, LRRK2, SNCA, DCTN1, ATP1A3, SYNJ1, ATP13A2, ATP6AP2, TAF1, UCHL1 , (...)

View the complete list with 12 more genes
Specificity
4 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia (NGS panel for 43 genes).

By CGC Genetics in Portugal.

ATP7B, AUH, PANK2, SMPD1, MECP2, SPR, TIMM8A, HEXA, GCDH, PRKN, PNKD, ARSA, NPC1, NPC2, SLC2A1, ATM, TH, PLA2G6, TOR1A, THAP1 , (...)

View the complete list with 23 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia sensitive to Dopa (deletion/duplication analysis of GCH1 and TH genes).

By CGC Genetics in Portugal.

TH, GCH1
Specificity
50 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia sensitive to Dopa (deletion/duplication analysis of GCH1 and TH genes).

By CGC Genetics in Portugal.

TH, GCH1
Specificity
50 %
Genes
100 %
TH Sequence Analysis.

By Translational Metabolic Laboratory Radboud University Medical Centre in Netherlands.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency.

By Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases University of Amsterdam Academic Medical Center in Netherlands.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia Sequencing Panel with CNV Detection.

By PreventionGenetics PreventionGenetics in United States.

SPR, PNKD, SLC2A1, TH, TOR1A, THAP1, GCH1, SGCE, ATP1A3, PRRT2, TAF1, TUBB4A, PRKRA, ANO3, GNAL
Specificity
7 %
Genes
100 %
Autosomal Recessive DOPA-Responsive Dystonia via the TH Gene.

By PreventionGenetics PreventionGenetics in United States.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Mental retardation - different panels.

By Institute of Human Genetics Cologne University in Germany.

FMR1, UBE3A, PTEN, MCCC1, MCCC2, ACAD9, PC, ANKH, HLCS, ATP7A, AUH, B4GALT7, BCKDHA, BCKDHB, BCS1L, C12orf65, ADSL, MMACHC, PRKCG, PAX6 , (...)

View the complete list with 847 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
TH dystonia.

By MGZ Medical Genetics Center in Germany.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Neurogenetic Disorders - panels.

By MGZ Medical Genetics Center in Germany.

MTHFR, TTR, UBE3A, AARS2, ABHD12, ACAD9, ACADM, ACADS, AGL, ACADVL, YARS2, PC, UQCRQ, ARG1, UQCRB, ATP5F1E, ATP7B, ATPAF2, AUH, BCKDHA , (...)

View the complete list with 577 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency (TH).

By VU University Medical Center Metabolic Unit, PX 1X 009 in Netherlands.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
DYT5A - DOPA-responsive dystonia.

By Centogene AG - the Rare Disease Company in Germany.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
AllNeuro panel.

By Centogene AG - the Rare Disease Company in Germany.

F2, F5, FMR1, HTT, HFE, MTHFR, TTR, UBE3A, VHL, PTEN, AARS2, ABHD12, ACACA, ACAD9, ACADL, ACADM, ACADS, AGL, ACADVL, ACAT1 , (...)

View the complete list with 1185 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Parkinsons disease panel.

By Centogene AG - the Rare Disease Company in Germany.

SPR, HTRA2, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, SNCB, GBA, TH, PLA2G6, MAPT, GCH1, LRRK2, SNCA, FUS, DCTN1, ATP1A3, SYNJ1, ATP13A2, ATP6AP2, TAF1 , (...)

View the complete list with 10 more genes
Specificity
4 %
Genes
100 %
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias (HSP) and differential diagnoses Panel.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

MTHFR, ABHD12, ARG1, ATP7A, AUH, C12orf65, PSEN1, OPTN, OPA1, GLB1, ELOVL4, HSPD1, GARS, AFG3L2, PANK2, OPA3, VCP, ALDH18A1, MTPAP, SPR , (...)

View the complete list with 123 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Parkinson all Panel.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

FMR1, PTEN, COMT, POLG, PANK2, SPR, HTRA2, GRN, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, GBA, TH, PLA2G6, ZFYVE26, SPG11, MAPT, ATXN2, ATXN3, GCH1 , (...)

View the complete list with 28 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
Atypical Parkinson syndrome Panel.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

FMR1, COMT, POLG, GRN, TH, PLA2G6, ZFYVE26, SPG11, MAPT, C9orf72, ATXN2, ATXN3, GCH1, DCTN1, ATP1A3, SYNJ1, ATP13A2, ATP6AP2, RAB39B, FTL , (...)

View the complete list with 4 more genes
Specificity
5 %
Genes
100 %
Parkinson Dystonia Panel.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

SPR, TH, PLA2G6, GCH1, ATP1A3, TAF1, SLC6A3, PRKRA, SLC30A10
Specificity
12 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia Plus Syndrome Panel.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

SPR, TH, GCH1, SGCE, ATP1A3, RELN, TAF1, KIF1C, TUBB4A, FTL, PRKRA, COX20, BCAP31, SLC30A10
Specificity
8 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia All Panel.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

ATP7A, ATP7B, AUH, PANK2, MECP2, SPR, TIMM8A, HEXA, SLC25A15, GCDH, CYP27A1, PRKN, CLN3, PNKD, ARSA, ARX, NPC1, NPC2, SLC2A1, ATM , (...)

View the complete list with 34 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Single gene testing TH.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Segawa syndrome.

By Laboratory of Human Genetics GENOMED Health Care Center in Poland.

TH, GCH1
Specificity
50 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia.

By Asper Biogene Asper Biogene LLC in Estonia.

ATP7B, PANK2, SPR, TIMM8A, GCDH, PRKN, PNKD, ARSA, SLC2A1, ATM, TH, PLA2G6, TOR1A, THAP1, GCH1, SGCE, COL6A3, ATP1A3, KCNMA1, PRRT2 , (...)

View the complete list with 18 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia, dopa-responsive / Segawa syndrome.

By Praxis fuer Humangenetik Wien in Austria.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Family Prep Screen.

By Counsyl in United States.

F2, F5, FMR1, HFE, MTHFR, ACADM, ACADS, AGL, ACADVL, ALDOB, ALPL, BTD, ATP7B, BCKDHB, BCS1L, GAA, HBB, CHM, SLC37A4, HSD17B4 , (...)

View the complete list with 90 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
qCarrier Plus.

By Quantitative Genomic Medicine Laboratories, SL in Spain.

F2, F5, FMR1, MTHFR, MCCC1, MCCC2, ABCB11, ACADM, ACADS, AGL, ACADVL, ACAT1, AIPL1, ALDOB, USH1G, PC, USH1C, ARG1, HLCS, BTD , (...)

View the complete list with 280 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia, dopa-responsive / Segawa syndrome.

By MedGene in Slovakia.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Invitae Dystonia Comprehensive Panel.

By Invitae in United States.

SPR, PRKN, PNKD, SLC2A1, TH, TOR1A, THAP1, GCH1, SGCE, ATP1A3, PRRT2, TUBB4A, SLC6A3, PRKRA, ANO3, GNAL
Specificity
7 %
Genes
100 %
Invitae Hereditary Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism Panel.

By Invitae in United States.

SPR, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, TH, GCH1, LRRK2, SNCA, DCTN1, ATP13A2, FBXO7, SLC6A3, VPS35, PRKRA, DNAJC6
Specificity
7 %
Genes
100 %
Invitae Neurotransmitter Disorders Panel.

By Invitae in United States.

ABAT, SPR, SLC25A22, GCSH, GLDC, AMT, GAD1, MAOA, ALDH5A1, ALDH7A1, PTS, QDPR, TH, PHGDH, GCH1, PNPO, ARHGEF9, DBH, DDC, SLC6A3 , (...)

View the complete list with 7 more genes
Specificity
4 %
Genes
100 %
Invitae Treatable Neurometabolic Disorders Panel.

By Invitae in United States.

MTHFR, MCCC1, MCCC2, ACAT1, ARG1, HLCS, ATP7A, BTD, ATP7B, AUH, BCKDHA, BCKDHB, MMACHC, AMN, MTR, MTRR, CPS1, HSD17B10, DLD, SLC25A13 , (...)

View the complete list with 72 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Dopa-responsive dystonia, Autosomal recessive: TH gene sequence analysis.

By GENETAQ Molecular Genetics Centre and Diagnosis of Rare Diseases in Spain.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
DYSTONIA.

By GENETAQ Molecular Genetics Centre and Diagnosis of Rare Diseases in Spain.

PANK2, SPR, PRKN, SLC2A1, TH, PLA2G6, TOR1A, THAP1, GCH1, SGCE, ATP1A3, TAF1, PRKRA
Specificity
8 %
Genes
100 %
NGS panel - Parkinson.

By Genome Diagnostics VU University Medical Center in Netherlands.

COMT, POLG, SPR, HTRA2, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, GBA, TH, PLA2G6, MAPT, ATXN2, ATXN3, GCH1, LRRK2, SNCA, DCTN1, ATP1A3, SYNJ1, ATP13A2 , (...)

View the complete list with 16 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
Pan-Ethnic Carrier Screen: Gene Sequencing Panel.

By EGL Genetic Diagnostics Eurofins Clinical Diagnostics in United States.

FMR1, HFE, ACADM, ACADS, AGL, ACADVL, ACAT1, ALDOB, ALPL, BTD, ATP7B, BCKDHA, BCKDHB, BCS1L, GAA, HBB, MMACHC, CHM, TYR, SLC37A4 , (...)

View the complete list with 127 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia: Sequencing Panel.

By EGL Genetic Diagnostics Eurofins Clinical Diagnostics in United States.

PTEN, ATP7B, AUH, PSEN1, HPRT1, AFG3L2, FOXRED1, PANK2, SCP2, GAMT, SPR, SUCLA2, PINK1, TIMM8A, MMADHC, SUOX, PTS, QDPR, MPV17, SDHAF1 , (...)

View the complete list with 62 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Intellectual Disability NGS Panel.

By Fulgent Genetics Fulgent Genetics in United States.

BRCA2, F5, FMR1, MTHFR, TTR, UBE3A, PTEN, MCCC1, MCCC2, AGL, ACAT1, GYS2, ARG1, ATP7A, AUH, BCS1L, ADSL, FBLN5, LRP5, COL1A2 , (...)

View the complete list with 372 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Parkinson-Alzheimer-Dementia NGS Panel.

By Fulgent Genetics Fulgent Genetics in United States.

TYROBP, APP, PSEN1, POLG, HTRA2, GRN, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, SNCB, GBA, TH, PLA2G6, PSEN2, MAPT, APOE, GCH1, LRRK2, SNCA, DCTN1 , (...)

View the complete list with 17 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
TH.

By Fulgent Genetics Fulgent Genetics in United States.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Spastic Paraplegia Panel.

By Blueprint Genetics in Finland.

ARG1, BTD, C12orf65, HSPD1, AFG3L2, SPR, REEP1, SPG7, ABCD1, PAH, GALC, SLC25A15, L2HGDH, GBE1, FXN, CYP27A1, FARS2, GJC2, PLP1, SACS , (...)

View the complete list with 40 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Parkinson Disease Panel.

By Blueprint Genetics in Finland.

SPR, PARK7, PINK1, PRKN, TH, PLA2G6, MAPT, GCH1, LRRK2, SNCA, ATP1A3, SYNJ1, ATP13A2, VPS13A, SLC20A2, FBXO7, SLC6A3, VPS35, PRKRA, PDGFRB , (...)

View the complete list with 2 more genes
Specificity
5 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia Panel.

By Blueprint Genetics in Finland.

SPR, PNKD, SLC2A1, TH, TOR1A, THAP1, GCH1, SGCE, FA2H, ATP1A3, PRRT2, DCAF17, PRKRA, PDGFRB, PDGFB, KMT2B, ANO3, BCAP31, GNAL, ADCY5
Specificity
5 %
Genes
100 %
Autosomal recessive dopa-responsive dystonia.

By Bioarray in Spain.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
CarrierMap.

By Recombine in United States.

FMR1, MTHFR, MCCC1, MCCC2, ABCB11, ACADM, ACADS, AGL, ACADVL, ACAT1, ALDOB, PC, USH1C, ALPL, ARG1, HLCS, ATP7A, BTD, ATP7B, BCKDHA , (...)

View the complete list with 281 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
DYSTONIA, L-DOPA-RESPONSIVE (TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY).

By Laboratorio de Genetica Clinica SL in Spain.

TH, GCH1, SGCE
Specificity
34 %
Genes
100 %
Autosomal Recessive Dopa-Responsive Dystonia, Sequencing TH Gene.

By Reference Laboratory Genetics in Spain.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Dopa-Responsive Dystonia , Deletions-Duplications (MLPA) GCH1,TH Genes.

By Reference Laboratory Genetics in Spain.

TH, GCH1
Specificity
50 %
Genes
100 %
Dystonia and Related Disorders , Panel Massive Sequencing (NGS) 13 Genes.

By Reference Laboratory Genetics in Spain.

PANK2, SPR, PRKN, SLC2A1, TH, PLA2G6, TOR1A, THAP1, GCH1, SGCE, ATP1A3, TAF1, PRKRA
Specificity
8 %
Genes
100 %
Dopa-Responsive Dystonia , Panel Massive Sequencing (NGS) GCH1,TH, SPR Genes.

By Reference Laboratory Genetics in Spain.

SPR, TH, GCH1
Specificity
34 %
Genes
100 %
Pan-Ethnic Carrier Screen: Full Gene Sequencing and SMA Analysis.

By CEN4GEN Institute for Genomics and Molecular Diagnostics in Canada.

HFE, ACADM, ACADS, AGL, ACADVL, ACAT1, ALDOB, ALPL, BTD, ATP7B, BCKDHA, BCKDHB, BCS1L, GAA, HBB, MMACHC, TYR, SLC37A4, HSD17B4, CPT2 , (...)

View the complete list with 116 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency: gene sequencing.

By CEN4GEN Institute for Genomics and Molecular Diagnostics in Canada.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency: gene deletion/duplication.

By CEN4GEN Institute for Genomics and Molecular Diagnostics in Canada.

TH
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %

Alternate names

Segawa Syndrome, Autosomal Recessive Is also known as parkinsonism, infantile, autosomal recessive, dystonia, dopa-responsive, autosomal recessive, dopa-responsive dystonia, autosomal recessive, tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency;autosomal recessive segawa syndrome; dyt5b; tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency; tyrosine hydroxylase-deficient dopa-responsive dystonia.


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