Multiple Congenital Anomalies-hypotonia-seizures Syndrome 2; Mcahs2

Description

Multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome-2 is an X-linked recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by dysmorphic features, neonatal hypotonia, myoclonic seizures, and variable congenital anomalies involving the central nervous, cardiac, and urinary systems. Some affected individuals die in infancy (summary by Johnston et al., 2012). The phenotype shows clinical variability with regard to severity and extraneurologic features. However, most patients present in infancy with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy associated with developmental arrest and subsequent severe neurologic disability (summary by Belet et al., 2014, Kato et al., 2014). The disorder is caused by a defect in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis.For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of MCAHS, see MCAHS1 (OMIM ); for a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of EIEE, see {308350}; and for a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of GPI biosynthesis defects, see GPIBD1 (OMIM ).

Clinical Features

Top most frequent phenotypes and symptoms related to Multiple Congenital Anomalies-hypotonia-seizures Syndrome 2; Mcahs2

  • Intellectual disability
  • Seizures
  • Global developmental delay
  • Generalized hypotonia
  • Hearing impairment
  • Microcephaly
  • Hypertelorism
  • Micrognathia
  • Cleft palate
  • Abnormal facial shape
And another 101 symptoms. If you need more information about this disease we can help you.
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Incidence and onset information

Not enough data available about incidence and published cases.


Mendelian

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Multiple Congenital Anomalies-hypotonia-seizures Syndrome 2; Mcahs2 Recommended genes panels

Panel Name, Specifity and genes Tested/covered
Epilepsy Advanced Sequencing and CNV Evaluation.

By Athena Diagnostics Inc in United States.

UBE3A, ALPL, ADSL, PAX6, CPT2, ATP6V0A2, HSD17B10, HPRT1, ADGRV1, SHH, POLG, SLC25A19, PANK2, MECP2, LIAS, ABAT, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, SUCLA2 , (...)

View the complete list with 214 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Epilepsy Advanced Sequencing and CNV Evaluation-Epileptic Encephalopathy.

By Athena Diagnostics Inc in United States.

UBE3A, ADSL, SLC25A19, MECP2, LIAS, STXBP1, SLC25A22, ALG9, GLDC, AMT, SLC9A6, WWOX, ARX, CDKL5, FOXG1, PCDH19, SLC2A1, SYNGAP1, SCN1A, KCNJ11 , (...)

View the complete list with 47 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Epilepsy Advanced Sequencing and CNV Evaluation - Syndromic Disorders.

By Athena Diagnostics Inc in United States.

ATP6V0A2, HPRT1, ADGRV1, PANK2, RAI1, TSC2, SYNGAP1, SMC3, TSC1, NIPBL, PLA2G6, KCNA1, LGI1, KMT2D, MAGI2, KANSL1, ROGDI, PIGA, PIGN, PIGV , (...)

View the complete list with 11 more genes
Specificity
4 %
Genes
100 %
Non-immune Hydrops Panel.

By Greenwood Genetic Center Diagnostic Laboratories Greenwood Genetic Center in United States.

COL2A1, GNPTAB, GLB1, HADHA, RAF1, SMPD1, RPL35A, HADHB, ALG9, ALG1, CTSA, GUSB, GALNS, GBE1, PMM2, FGFR3, GBA, BRAF, DHCR7, GLA , (...)

View the complete list with 67 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
NGS Epilepsy/Seizure Panel.

By Greenwood Genetic Center Diagnostic Laboratories Greenwood Genetic Center in United States.

MTHFR, UBE3A, ADSL, SHH, POLG, SLC25A19, MECP2, LIAS, ABAT, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, CTSD, SLC25A22, SLC9A6, ALDH7A1, NDUFA1, TPP1, CLN3, ARX , (...)

View the complete list with 125 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
CustomNext: Neuro.

By Ambry Genetics in United States.

FMR1, UBE3A, PTEN, ATP7A, OCRL, NDP, HPRT1, NHS, POLG, MECP2, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, TUSC3, CTSD, SLC25A22, GRN, OTC, PDHA1, TIMM8A , (...)

View the complete list with 176 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Neurodevelopment-Expanded.

By Ambry Genetics in United States.

FMR1, UBE3A, PTEN, ATP7A, OCRL, NDP, HPRT1, NHS, POLG, MECP2, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, TUSC3, CTSD, SLC25A22, GRN, OTC, PDHA1, TIMM8A , (...)

View the complete list with 176 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
EpilepsyNext.

By Ambry Genetics in United States.

UBE3A, POLG, MECP2, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, CTSD, SLC25A22, GRN, SLC9A6, ALDH7A1, TPP1, CLN3, ARX, CDKL5, FOXG1, MEF2C, PCDH19, SLC2A1, TSC2 , (...)

View the complete list with 80 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
EpiRapid reflex EpilepsyNext.

By Ambry Genetics in United States.

UBE3A, POLG, MECP2, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, CTSD, SLC25A22, GRN, SLC9A6, ALDH7A1, TPP1, CLN3, ARX, CDKL5, FOXG1, MEF2C, PCDH19, SLC2A1, TSC2 , (...)

View the complete list with 80 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
IDNext.

By Ambry Genetics in United States.

FMR1, UBE3A, PTEN, ATP7A, OCRL, NDP, HPRT1, NHS, MECP2, GAMT, GATM, TUSC3, SLC25A22, OTC, PDHA1, TIMM8A, MAOA, ACSL4, SLC9A6, ABCD1 , (...)

View the complete list with 120 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
PIGA. Complete sequencing.

By Instituto de Medicina Genomica Instituto de Medicina Genomica in Spain.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
CHOP Epilepsy Panel.

By Division of Genomic Diagnostics The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia in United States.

UBE3A, POLG, MECP2, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, CTSD, SLC25A22, ALDH7A1, TPP1, CLN3, WWOX, SLC6A8, ARX, CDKL5, CHRNA7, FOXG1, MEF2C, PCDH19, SLC2A1 , (...)

View the complete list with 69 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (sequence analysis of PIGA gene).

By CGC Genetics in Portugal.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Macrocephaly (NGS panel for 16 genes).

By CGC Genetics in Portugal.

PTEN, ASPA, NSD1, GPC3, MLC1, PIGA, PIGN, GFAP, MED12, NFIX, EZH2, PIK3CA, DHCR24, PIK3R2, AKT3, HEPACAM
Specificity
7 %
Genes
100 %
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, somatic.

By Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics Center for Nephrology and Metabolic Disorders in Germany.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, somatic.

By Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics Center for Nephrology and Metabolic Disorders in Germany.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Comprehensive Epilepsy and Seizure Sequencing Panel with CNV Detection.

By PreventionGenetics PreventionGenetics in United States.

UBE3A, ADSL, TUBB3, POLG, MECP2, GAMT, STXBP1, TUBA1A, CTSD, SLC25A22, SLC9A6, ALDH7A1, TPP1, CLN3, WWOX, FARS2, ARX, CDKL5, FOXG1, MEF2C , (...)

View the complete list with 133 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
X-Linked Intellectual Disability Sequencing Panel with CNV Detection.

By PreventionGenetics PreventionGenetics in United States.

FMR1, HSD17B10, NDP, HPRT1, NHS, MECP2, OTC, PDHA1, GK, AIFM1, MAOA, ACSL4, SLC9A6, BCOR, ABCD1, TMLHE, SLC6A8, ARX, CDKL5, IDS , (...)

View the complete list with 108 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Epilepsy and Seizure Plus Sequencing Panel with CNV Detection.

By PreventionGenetics PreventionGenetics in United States.

UBE3A, PTEN, ADSL, POLG, MECP2, LIAS, DHDDS, ABAT, SLC25A12, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, CTSD, SLC25A22, GCSH, GLDC, AMT, SLC9A6, ALDH5A1, ALDH7A1 , (...)

View the complete list with 202 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Overgrowth syndrome NGS panel.

By Connective Tissue Gene Tests in United States.

FBN1, NSD1, GPC3, SETD2, PIGA, OFD1, DNMT3A, NFIX, EZH2, PDGFRB, EED
Specificity
10 %
Genes
100 %
Overgrowth syndrome Comprehensive panel.

By Connective Tissue Gene Tests in United States.

FBN1, NSD1, GPC3, SETD2, PIGA, OFD1, DNMT3A, NFIX, EZH2, PDGFRB, EED
Specificity
10 %
Genes
100 %
Overgrowth syndrome Deletion / Duplication panel.

By Connective Tissue Gene Tests in United States.

FBN1, NSD1, GPC3, SETD2, PIGA, OFD1, DNMT3A, NFIX, EZH2, PDGFRB, EED
Specificity
10 %
Genes
100 %
Mental retardation - different panels.

By Institute of Human Genetics Cologne University in Germany.

FMR1, UBE3A, PTEN, MCCC1, MCCC2, ACAD9, PC, ANKH, HLCS, ATP7A, AUH, B4GALT7, BCKDHA, BCKDHB, BCS1L, C12orf65, ADSL, MMACHC, PRKCG, PAX6 , (...)

View the complete list with 847 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy type 20.

By Centogene AG - the Rare Disease Company in Germany.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
AllNeuro panel.

By Centogene AG - the Rare Disease Company in Germany.

F2, F5, FMR1, HTT, HFE, MTHFR, TTR, UBE3A, VHL, PTEN, AARS2, ABHD12, ACACA, ACAD9, ACADL, ACADM, ACADS, AGL, ACADVL, ACAT1 , (...)

View the complete list with 1185 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Macrocephaly Panel.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

PTEN, GCDH, ASPA, NSD1, GPC3, MLC1, PIGA, PIGN, GFAP, MED12, NFIX, EZH2, PIK3CA, DHCR24, PIK3R2, AKT3, HEPACAM
Specificity
6 %
Genes
100 %
Macrocephaly Panel.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

PTEN, GCDH, ASPA, NSD1, GPC3, MLC1, PIGA, PIGN, GFAP, MED12, NFIX, EZH2, PIK3CA, DHCR24, PIK3R2, AKT3, HEPACAM
Specificity
6 %
Genes
100 %
Complement deficiencies Panel.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

PIGA, CFB, CFI, CFH, CD46, C3, THBD, C1S, C1R, CFHR1, CFHR3, DGKE, MASP1, C7, FCN3, CFD, C2, SERPING1, C1QC, C1QA , (...)

View the complete list with 14 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
Single gene testing PIGA.

By CeGaT GmbH in Germany.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Epilepsy.

By Asper Biogene Asper Biogene LLC in Estonia.

UBE3A, MCCC1, ADSL, TUBB3, POLG, MECP2, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, SLC25A22, ALG3, SLC9A6, ALDH7A1, MOCS2, MOCS1, WWOX, SLC6A8, ARX, CDKL5, FOXG1 , (...)

View the complete list with 104 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Invitae Epilepsy Panel.

By Invitae in United States.

UBE3A, ADSL, POLG, MECP2, LIAS, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, CTSD, SLC25A22, SLC9A6, ALDH5A1, ALDH7A1, TPP1, CLN3, WWOX, PNKD, SLC6A8, ARX, CDKL5 , (...)

View the complete list with 105 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Invitae Early Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy Panel.

By Invitae in United States.

STXBP1, SLC25A22, ALDH7A1, WWOX, ARX, CDKL5, PCDH19, SLC2A1, SYNGAP1, SMC1A, SCN1A, GABRB3, SCN9A, SCN2A, SLC35A2, SLC6A1, FOLR1, GRIN2B, HCN1, KCNT1 , (...)

View the complete list with 29 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
Epileptic encephalopathies.

By GENETAQ Molecular Genetics Centre and Diagnosis of Rare Diseases in Spain.

MECP2, STXBP1, SLC25A22, GCSH, GLDC, AMT, WWOX, ARX, CDKL5, PCDH19, SLC2A1, SCN1A, SCN2A, GRIN2B, HCN1, KCNQ2, CHD2, GABRA1, GRIN2A, MBD5 , (...)

View the complete list with 15 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation: Sequencing Panel.

By EGL Genetic Diagnostics Eurofins Clinical Diagnostics in United States.

B4GALT7, ATP6V0A2, SRD5A3, GNE, DDOST, DHDDS, DPM3, PGM1, RFT1, COG1, COG8, TUSC3, MPDU1, DPM1, COG7, ALG9, ALG1, ALG8, ALG12, B4GALT1 , (...)

View the complete list with 46 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation: Deletion/Duplication Panel.

By EGL Genetic Diagnostics Eurofins Clinical Diagnostics in United States.

B4GALT7, ATP6V0A2, SRD5A3, GNE, DDOST, DHDDS, DPM3, PGM1, RFT1, COG1, COG8, TUSC3, MPDU1, DPM1, COG7, ALG9, ALG8, ALG12, B4GALT1, SLC35A1 , (...)

View the complete list with 45 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
PIGA.

By Fulgent Genetics Fulgent Genetics in United States.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy NGS Panel.

By Fulgent Genetics Fulgent Genetics in United States.

UBE3A, ADSL, HSD17B10, ME2, MECP2, STXBP1, SLC9A6, ALDH7A1, ARX, CDKL5, FOXG1, MEF2C, PCDH19, PLP1, SLC2A1, SYNGAP1, SMC1A, GPC3, CSTB, SCN1A , (...)

View the complete list with 69 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Early-Onset Epileptic Encephalopathy NGS Panel.

By Fulgent Genetics Fulgent Genetics in United States.

UBE3A, AUH, ADSL, ADGRV1, POLG, MECP2, LIAS, SLC25A12, GAMT, GATM, STXBP1, CTSD, SLC25A22, SLC9A6, ALDH7A1, TPP1, CLN3, WWOX, FARS2, SLC6A8 , (...)

View the complete list with 113 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Comprehensive Epilepsy NGS Panel.

By Fulgent Genetics Fulgent Genetics in United States.

MTHFR, UBE3A, PC, ARG1, BTD, ATPAF2, AUH, BCS1L, TWNK, C12orf65, ADSL, PAX6, AMACR, CPT2, PSAP, GNPTAB, GLB1, CC2D2A, PRODH, ATP6V0A2 , (...)

View the complete list with 427 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
X-chromosome High Resolution microarray analysis.

By Pittsburgh Cytogenetics Laboratory University of Pittsburgh Medical Center in United States.

ATP7A, OPN1MW, CHM, GPR143, HSD17B10, OCRL, CACNA1F, NDP, HPRT1, NHS, ALAS2, RPGR, MECP2, RS1, PHKA2, RP2, OTC, HCCS, PDHA1, GK , (...)

View the complete list with 140 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Primary Immunodeficiency Panel.

By Blueprint Genetics in Finland.

PMS2, RECQL4, STAT1, SLC37A4, CASP8, CLCN7, HAX1, AP3B1, UNG, TAP1, TCN2, AK2, SLC35C1, CYBA, STAT3, ADA, MOGS, IL2RG, PNP, AIRE , (...)

View the complete list with 255 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Macrocephaly / Overgrowth Syndrome Panel.

By Blueprint Genetics in Finland.

PTEN, ASPA, TSC2, TSC1, NSD1, PTCH1, CDKN1C, GPC3, MLC1, EIF2B5, L1CAM, WASHC5, SETD2, PIGA, OFD1, GRIA3, SYN1, CUL4B, RAB39B, GFAP , (...)

View the complete list with 23 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
Complement System Disorder Panel.

By Blueprint Genetics in Finland.

CCDC39, PIGA, OFD1, CCNO, SPAG1, CCDC65, DNAAF4, RSPH1, ARMC4, ZMYND10, DRC1, CCDC114, LRRC6, DNAAF5, CCDC103, DNAAF3, DNAL1, CCDC40, DNAAF1, RSPH9 , (...)

View the complete list with 55 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Epileptic Encephalopathy Panel.

By Blueprint Genetics in Finland.

HTT, MTHFR, UBE3A, ADSL, CPT2, POLG, NDUFS4, MECP2, DNM1L, TTC19, NUBPL, ABAT, GAMT, STXBP1, SLC25A22, GLDC, AMT, ETHE1, D2HGDH, SLC9A6 , (...)

View the complete list with 108 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Comprehensive Epilepsy Panel.

By Blueprint Genetics in Finland.

HTT, MTHFR, UBE3A, ARG1, BTD, ADSL, AMACR, CPT2, PSAP, GLB1, PRODH, GNE, HSD17B10, POLG, NDUFS4, HSPD1, AFG3L2, FOXRED1, FH, MECP2 , (...)

View the complete list with 263 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

By Bioarray in Spain.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA.

By Laboratorio de Genetica Clinica SL in Spain.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria , Sequencing PIGA Gene.

By Reference Laboratory Genetics in Spain.

PIGA
Specificity
100 %
Genes
100 %
Early Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy , Panel Massive Sequencing (NGS) 30 Genes.

By Reference Laboratory Genetics in Spain.

SLC25A12, STXBP1, ARX, CDKL5, PCDH19, SCN1A, CACNA1A, GABRB3, SCN9A, SCN2A, GRIN2B, HCN1, KCNQ2, GABRA1, ALG13, TBC1D24, DNM1, ST3GAL3, SCN8A, PIGA , (...)

View the complete list with 8 more genes
Specificity
4 %
Genes
100 %
Macrocephaly , Panel Massive Sequencing (NGS) 16 Genes.

By Reference Laboratory Genetics in Spain.

PTEN, ASPA, NSD1, GPC3, MLC1, PIGA, PIGN, GFAP, MED12, NFIX, EZH2, PIK3CA, DHCR24, PIK3R2, AKT3, HEPACAM
Specificity
7 %
Genes
100 %
Neuromuscular Channelopathies , Panel Massive Sequencing (NGS) 44 Genes.

By Reference Laboratory Genetics in Spain.

GAA, STXBP1, SLC25A22, GBE1, ARX, CDKL5, DMPK, PCDH19, CHRNE, SCN1A, CLCN1, SCN4A, CACNA1A, ATP2A1, CACNA1S, RYR1, CHRNA1, CHRND, CHRNB1, CHRNB2 , (...)

View the complete list with 24 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %

Alternate names

Multiple Congenital Anomalies-hypotonia-seizures Syndrome 2; Mcahs2 Is also known as epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 20;eiee20, glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 4;gpibd4;mcahs type 2.


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