Frontonasal Dysplasia 1; Fnd1

Description

The term frontonasal dysplasia was coined by Sedano et al. (1970) to describe a constellation of findings limited to the face and head. The disorder is defined as 2 or more of the following: (1) true ocular hypertelorism; (2) broadening of the nasal root; (3) median facial cleft affecting the nose and/or upper lip and palate; (4) unilateral or bilateral clefting of the alae nasi; (5) lack of formation of the nasal tip; (6) anterior cranium bifidum occultum (see {168500}); and (7) a V-shaped or widow's peak frontal hairline (Sedano and Gorlin, 1988). Most reported cases are sporadic, but a few familial cases have been reported.Twigg et al. (2009) characterized frontonasal malformation (FNM) as a 'very heterogeneous group of disorders' and summarized clinical features.Also see acromelic frontonasal dysplasia (AFND ), frontofacionasal dysplasia (FFND ), oculoauriculofrontonasal syndrome (OAFNS ), the acrofrontofacionasal dysostosis syndromes ({201180}, {239710}), and craniofrontonasal syndrome (OMIM ). Genetic Heterogeneity of Frontonasal DysplasiaFrontonasal dysplasia-2 (FND2 ) is caused by mutation in the ALX4 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 11p11. Frontonasal dysplasia-3 (FND3 ) is caused by mutation in the ALX1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 12q21.

Clinical Features

Top most frequent phenotypes and symptoms related to Frontonasal Dysplasia 1; Fnd1

  • Intellectual disability
  • Short stature
  • Hearing impairment
  • Microcephaly
  • Scoliosis
  • Hypertelorism
  • Nystagmus
  • Strabismus
  • Cleft palate
  • Cataract

And another 101 symptoms. If you need more information about this disease we can help you.

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Incidence and onset information

— Currently we don't have prevalence information about this disease (Not enough data available about incidence and published cases.)
No data available about the known clinical features onset.

Alternative names

Frontonasal Dysplasia 1; Fnd1 Is also known as frontonasal malformation, fnm, frontonasal dysplasia, median facial cleft syndrome, frontorhiny, fnd.

Researches and researchers

Currently, we don't have any information about doctors, researches or researchers related to this disease. Please contact us if you would like to appear here.

Frontonasal Dysplasia 1; Fnd1 Recommended genes panels

Panel Name, Specifity and genes Tested/covered
Frontonasal Dysplasia 2 - ALX4 Sequencing.

By Children's Hospital Colorado Molecular Genetics Laboratory Children's Hospital Colorado (United States).

ALX4
Specificity
100 %
Genes
50 %
Frontonasal Dysplasia 2 - ALX4 Del/Dup Analysis.

By Children's Hospital Colorado Molecular Genetics Laboratory Children's Hospital Colorado (United States).

ALX4
Specificity
100 %
Genes
50 %
Craniosynostosis.

By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University (United States).

SKI, TGFBR1, TGFBR2, TWIST1, IFT122, RAB23, ASXL1, WDR19, WDR35, IFT43, EFNB1, FBN1, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, GLI3, ALPL, ALX4, IL11RA, MASP1 , (...)

View the complete list with 3 more genes
Specificity
5 %
Genes
50 %
Craniofacial Sequencing Panel.

By Genetic Services Laboratory University of Chicago (United States).

RUNX2, SKI, TCF12, TGFBR1, TGFBR2, TWIST1, ZIC1, IFT122, RAB23, ALX1, CD96, CDC45, WDR19, FAM20C, WDR35, IFT43, DPH1, EFNB1, MEGF8, ERF , (...)

View the complete list with 11 more genes
Specificity
7 %
Genes
100 %
Craniofacial Deletion/Duplication Panel.

By Genetic Services Laboratory University of Chicago (United States).

RUNX2, SKI, TCF12, TGFBR1, TGFBR2, TWIST1, ZIC1, IFT122, RAB23, ALX1, CD96, CDC45, WDR19, FAM20C, WDR35, IFT43, DPH1, EFNB1, MEGF8, ERF , (...)

View the complete list with 11 more genes
Specificity
7 %
Genes
100 %
Facial Dysostosis Sequencing Panel.

By Genetic Services Laboratory University of Chicago (United States).

SF3B4, TCOF1, ALX1, EVC2, POLR1C, POLR1D, CHD7, DHODH, ZSWIM6, EFTUD2, EFNB1, EVC, ALX3, ALX4, MYCN, PDE4D, PRKAR1A
Specificity
12 %
Genes
100 %
ALX4. Complete sequencing.

By Instituto de Medicina Genomica Instituto de Medicina Genomica (Spain).

ALX4
Specificity
100 %
Genes
50 %
Craniofacial Del/Dup Panel.

By Division of Genomic Diagnostics The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (United States).

RUNX2, SALL1, SF3B4, SIX1, SIX5, SKI, SNRPB, TCF12, TCOF1, TWIST1, ZIC1, IFT122, RAB23, ALX1, CD96, POLR1A, WDR19, EVC2, POLR1C, POLR1D , (...)

View the complete list with 22 more genes
Specificity
5 %
Genes
100 %

You can get up to 38 more panels with our dedicated tool

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Sources and references

You can check the following sources for additional information.

OMIM Genetic Syndrome Finder

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