Proteasome-associated Autoinflammatory Syndrome 1; Praas1

Description

This autosomal recessive systemic autoinflammatory disorder is characterized by early childhood onset of annular erythematous plaques on the face and extremities with subsequent development of partial lipodystrophy and laboratory evidence of immune dysregulation. More variable features include recurrent fever, severe joint contractures, muscle weakness and atrophy, hepatosplenomegaly, basal ganglia calcifications, and microcytic anemia (summary by Agarwal et al., 2010; Kitamura et al., 2011; Arima et al., 2011).This disorder encompasses Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome (NKJO); joint contractures, muscular atrophy, microcytic anemia, and panniculitis-induced lipodystrophy (JMP syndrome); and chronic atypical neutrophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperature syndrome (CANDLE). Among Japanese patients, this disorder is best described as Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome, since both Nakajo (1939) and Nishimura et al. (1950) contributed to the original phenotypic descriptions. Genetic Heterogeneity of Proteasome-Associated Autoinflammatory SyndromeSee also PRAAS2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the POMP gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 13q12, and PRAAS3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the PSMB4 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 1q21.

Clinical Features

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Short stature
• Failure to thrive
• Muscle weakness
• Pain
• Anemia
• Flexion contracture
• Hepatomegaly
• Fever

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