Delayed speech and language development, and Encephalocele

Low match JOUBERT SYNDROME 8; JBTS8

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia

SOURCES: OMIM MESH MONDO DOID UMLS

Low match CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS 4; CRS4

Craniosynostosis is a primary abnormality of skull growth involving premature fusion of the cranial sutures such that the growth velocity of the skull often cannot match that of the developing brain. This produces skull deformity and, in some cases, raises intracranial pressure, which must be treated promptly to avoid permanent neurodevelopmental disability (summary by Fitzpatrick, 2013). Craniosynostosis-4 includes lambdoid, sagittal, metopic, coronal, and multisuture forms.For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of craniosynostosis, see CRS1 (OMIM ).

• Autosomal dominant inheritance
• Hypertelorism
• Ptosis
• Depressed nasal bridge
• Delayed speech and language development

SOURCES: MONDO UMLS OMIM

Low match JOUBERT SYNDROME 24; JBTS24

Joubert syndrome-24 is an autosomal recessive ciliopathy characterized by delayed psychomotor development associated with cerebellar hypoplasia manifest as the molar tooth sign on brain imaging. Additional variable features include hypotonia, abnormal eye movements, and postaxial polydactyly (summary by Huppke et al., 2015).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Joubert syndrome, see {213300}.

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Ataxia
• Nystagmus

SOURCES: MONDO OMIM DOID UMLS

Low match JOUBERT SYNDROME 10; JBTS10

Joubert syndrome is characterized by a specific hindbrain formation, hypotonia, cerebellar ataxia, dysregulated breathing patterns, and developmental delay. Ciliary dysfunction is a key factor in the pathogenesis (Coene et al., 2009).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Joubert syndrome, see {213300}.

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Pica
• Growth delay

SOURCES: UMLS DOID MESH OMIM MONDO

Low match JOUBERT SYNDROME 14; JBTS14

Joubert syndrome-14 is an autosomal recessive developmental disorder characterized by severe mental retardation, hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis and molar tooth sign (MTS) on brain imaging, hypotonia, abnormal breathing pattern in infancy, and dysmorphic facial features. Additional findings can include renal cysts, abnormal eye movements, and postaxial polydactyly (summary by Boycott et al., 2007 and Huang et al., 2011).For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Joubert syndrome, see {213300}.

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia
• Pica
• Hypertelorism

SOURCES: DOID UMLS OMIM MONDO

Low match MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (CONGENITAL WITH BRAIN AND EYE ANOMALIES), TYPE A, 4; MDDGA4

MDDGA4 is a severe autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy with characteristic brain and eye malformations, seizures, and mental retardation. Cardiac involvement in FCMD/MEB occurs in the second decade of life in those who survive. FKTN-related Walker-Warburg syndrome is a more severe manifestation of the disorder, with death usually in the first year of life. These entities are part of a group of similar disorders resulting from defective glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1 ), collectively known as 'dystroglycanopathies' (Godfrey et al., 2007; Muntoni and Voit, 2004; Muntoni et al., 2008).For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy type A, see MDDGA1 (OMIM ).

MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY-DYSTROGLYCANOPATHY (CONGENITAL WITH BRAIN AND EYE ANOMALIES), TYPE A, 4; MDDGA4 Is also known as fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy;fcmd, walker-warburg syndrome or muscle-eye-brain disease, fktn-related;fcmd; fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: MONDO UMLS SCTID ORPHANET DOID NCIT OMIM

Low match JOUBERT SYNDROME 1; JBTS1

Joubert syndrome is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis with the characteristic neuroradiologic 'molar tooth sign,' and accompanying neurologic symptoms, including dysregulation of breathing pattern and developmental delay. Other variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal anomalies (Saraiva and Baraitser, 1992; Valente et al., 2005). Genetic Heterogeneity of Joubert SyndromeSee also JBTS2 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM216 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 11q13; JBTS3 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the AHI1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 6q23; JBTS4 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the NPHP1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 2q13; JBTS5 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CEP290 gene, also called NPHP6 (OMIM ), on chromosome 12q21.32; JBTS6 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM67 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 8q21; JBTS7 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the RPGRIP1L gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 16q12.2; JBTS8 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ARL13B (OMIM ) on chromosome 3q11.2; JBTS9 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CC2D2A gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 4p15.3; JBTS10 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CXORF5 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome Xp22.3; JBTS11 (see {613820}), caused by mutation in the TTC21B gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 2q24; JBTS12 (see {200990}), caused by mutation in the KIF7 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 15q26; JBTS13 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TCTN1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 12q24; JBTS14 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM237 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 2q33; JBTS15 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CEP41 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 7q32; JBTS16 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM138 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 11q; JBTS17 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the C5ORF42 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 5p13; JBTS18 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TCTN3 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 10q24; JBTS19 (see {614844}), caused by mutation in the ZNF423 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 16q12; JBTS20 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TMEM231 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 16q23; JBTS21 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CSPP1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 8q13; JBTS22 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the PDE6D gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 2q37; JBTS23 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the KIAA0586 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 14q23; JBTS24 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the TCTN2 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 12q24; JBTS25 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CEP104 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 1p36; JBTS26 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the KIAA0556 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 16p12; JBTS27 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the B9D1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 17p11; JBTS28 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the MKS1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 17q23; JBTS29 (see {617562}), caused by mutation in the TMEM107 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 17p13; JBTS30 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the ARMC9 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 2q37; JBTS31 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the CEP120 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 5q23; JBTS32 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the SUFU gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 10q24; and JBTS33 (OMIM ), caused by mutation in the PIBF1 gene (OMIM ) on chromosome 13q21.

JOUBERT SYNDROME 1; JBTS1 Is also known as joubert syndrome;jbts, joubert-boltshauser syndrome, cerebelloparenchymal disorder iv;cpd4, cerebellooculorenal syndrome 1;cors1;cpd iv; cerebelloparenchymal disorder iv; classic joubert syndrome; joubert syndrome type a; joubert-boltshauser syndrome; pure joubert syndrome

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM SCTID MONDO ORPHANET DOID

Low match JOUBERT SYNDROME WITH JEUNE ASPHYXIATING THORACIC DYSTROPHY

Joubert syndrome with Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (JATD) is an extremely rare genetic bone disorder characterized by the classic features of Joubert syndrome (i.e. malformation of the brainstem causing ataxia, hypotonia,cognitive impairment, and abnormal eyemovements), associated with the skeletal anomalies found in JATD including short-rib dysplasia and narrow thorax causing respiratory failure, short limbs, and metaphyseal changes.

JOUBERT SYNDROME WITH JEUNE ASPHYXIATING THORACIC DYSTROPHY Is also known as jbts with jatd; joubert syndrome with jatd

• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hypertelorism
• Micrognathia

SOURCES: ORPHANET

Low match LISSENCEPHALY 8; LIS8

Lissencephaly-8 is an autosomal recessive neurologic disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability with poor or absent speech, early-onset refractory seizures, and hypotonia. Brain imaging shows variable features, including cortical gyral abnormalities and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, brainstem, and cerebellum (summary by Jerber et al., 2016).For a general description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity lissencephaly, see LIS1 (OMIM ).

• Autosomal recessive inheritance
• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Generalized hypotonia

SOURCES: OMIM MONDO UMLS

Low match MECKEL SYNDROME 13; MKS13

• Intellectual disability
• Global developmental delay
• Ataxia
• Micrognathia
• Flexion contracture

SOURCES: OMIM MONDO DOID