Adult-onset Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxia

Table of contents:

Description
Related genes
Clinical Features
Incidence and onset information
Alternative Names
Researches and researchers
Gene Panels
Sources and references

Description

Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia-10 is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with onset in the teenage or young adult years of gait and limb ataxia, dysarthria, and nystagmus associated with marked cerebellar atrophy on brain imaging (summary by Vermeer et al., 2010). Some patients have low levels of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in muscle and may show some clinical improvement with CoQ10 treatment (Balreira et al., 2014).

Genes related to Adult-onset Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxia

ANO10

View recommended genes panels

Clinical Features

Top most frequent phenotypes and symptoms related to Adult-onset Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxia

Intellectual disability
Seizures
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Cataract
Ptosis
Hyperreflexia
Dysarthria
Tremor
Fatigue

And another 30 symptoms. If you need more information about this disease we can help you.

Click here to know more about Mendelian.

Incidence and onset information

— Currently we don't have prevalence information about this disease (Not enough data available about incidence and published cases.)
— No data available about the known clinical features onset.

Alternative names

Adult-onset Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxia Is also known as scar10, autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 10.

Researches and researchers

Currently, we don't have any information about doctors, researches or researchers related to this disease. Please contact us if you would like to appear here.

Adult-onset Autosomal Recessive Cerebellar Ataxia Recommended genes panels

Panel Name, Specifity and genes Tested/covered
Ataxia, Supplemental Recessive Evaluation. By Athena Diagnostics Inc (United States). SACS, TTPA, APTX, COQ8A, SYNE1, TDP1, SYT14, SIL1, FLVCR1, ANO10, MTPAP, AFG3L2, SETX, GRM1, MRE11, ATM, POLG Specificity 6 % Genes 100 %
Ataxia, Complete Recessive Evaluation. By Athena Diagnostics Inc (United States). SACS, TTPA, APTX, COQ8A, SYNE1, TDP1, SYT14, SIL1, FLVCR1, ANO10, MTPAP, AFG3L2, FXN, SETX, GRM1, MRE11, ATM, POLG Specificity 6 % Genes 100 %
Ataxia, Comprehensive Evaluation. By Athena Diagnostics Inc (United States). SACS, ATXN1, ATXN10, ATXN2, ATXN7, ATXN8OS, SLC1A3, SPTBN2, TBP, TTPA, VAMP1, CACNA1A, CACNB4, APTX, TGM6, COQ8A, SYNE1, TDP1, TTBK2, SYT14 , (...) View the complete list with 22 more genes Panel complete gene list SACS, ATXN1, ATXN10, ATXN2, ATXN7, ATXN8OS, SLC1A3, SPTBN2, TBP, TTPA, VAMP1, CACNA1A, CACNB4, APTX, TGM6, COQ8A, SYNE1, TDP1, TTBK2, SYT14, SIL1, FLVCR1, ANO10, MTPAP, ATN1, AFG3L2, EEF2, FGF14, FXN, SETX, GRM1, ITPR1, KCNA1, KCNC3, KCND3, ATXN3, MRE11, ATM, PDYN, POLG, PPP2R2B, PRKCG Specificity 3 % Genes 100 %
Ataxia Exome Panel. By Genetic Services Laboratory University of Chicago (United States). BCS1L, RTN2, SACS, SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCO1, SDHA, SDHD, SLC16A2, SLC17A5, SLC19A2, SLC1A3, SLC20A2, SLC2A1, SLC6A1, SLC9A1, SLC9A6, SNAP25, SOD1 , (...) View the complete list with 457 more genes Panel complete gene list BCS1L, RTN2, SACS, SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCO1, SDHA, SDHD, SLC16A2, SLC17A5, SLC19A2, SLC1A3, SLC20A2, SLC2A1, SLC6A1, SLC9A1, SLC9A6, SNAP25, SOD1, SOX10, BTD, SPG11, ATL1, SPAST, SPG7, SPR, SPTAN1, SPTBN2, SQSTM1, CDKL5, STUB1, STXBP1, SUCLG1, SUOX, SURF1, TBCE, TWNK, TCF4, TCN2, TH, ACO2, TINF2, NKX2-1, TRPC3, TSFM, CEP41, TTPA, TTR, UBE3A, UCHL1, UQCRB, VAMP1, VARS, VLDLR, VRK1, WFS1, WWOX, XPA, XRCC4, YME1L1, ZIC1, SAMD9L, ATP8A2, ERLIN2, FBXL4, AAAS, PRX, CA8, CACNA1A, CACNA1G, PRDM8, CACNB4, PCDH19, SCYL1, ELOVL4, TMEM237, NPC2, CAPN1, PUM1, CASK, SNX14, CAV1, TSEN34, CHCHD10, LRPPRC, BSCL2, ABHD12, PANK2, NDUFAF5, APTX, SLC52A3, DNAJC5, TGM6, SLC19A3, PNPLA6, KIF1B, SCARB2, COQ8A, DGAT2, ERLIN1, PRICKLE1, NIPA1, MLC1, SYNE1, SLC39A4, RRM2B, TRNT1, TPK1, GJC2, PDSS1, TDP2, EXOSC3, FKRP, ADA2, NAXE, RNASEH1, SPART, CPT1C, COG4, RTN4IP1, PMPCA, ATPAF2, CAMTA1, NDUFAF1, TDP1, GBA2, NALCN, EBF3, POMGNT1, TTBK2, MECR, COQ4, DDHD1, POMT2, TECPR2, KIAA0586, CCDC88C, POLR1C, CLCN2, COQ6, NUBPL, CHAMP1, PRICKLE2, NDUFA11, SPG21, SUMF1, ZIC4, MBD5, APOPT1, L2HGDH, CYP2U1, TPP1, CLN5, ZFYVE26, TUBA1A, CLN6, TUBB4A, TUBB, CLN8, CLPP, AARS2, HACE1, NDUFAF4, FARS2, FA2H, ELOVL5, RARS2, INPP5E, AHI1, NHLRC1, RNASET2, RNF216, BRAT1, COL18A1, KCTD7, AP5Z1, COX10, COX15, COX6B1, GMPPB, CP, PEX26, PDSS2, SLC13A5, SYT14, ALG6, UBA5, ETHE1, NDUFA12, B9D1, BEAN1, PTRH2, TACO1, WDR62, TCTN3, SIL1, FLVCR1, CSTB, CEP104, CTBP1, OTUD4, CTDP1, TMEM216, MARS2, LRSAM1, TMEM240, SLC25A46, MMADHC, COQ2, CTSD, COQ9, CTSF, RNF170, ARL13B, C19orf12, ANO10, MTPAP, DARS2, CUL4B, CWF19L1, TTC21B, OFD1, TRAPPC11, TCTN2, REEP1, CPLANE1, POMGNT2, WDR73, PIGG, TTC19, CYP27A1, TMEM70, TCTN1, CTC1, CSPP1, PIEZO2, HEPACAM, UROC1, CYP7B1, WDR81, RNF168, CEP120, NAT8L, C12orf65, FOXRED1, TMEM138, COX20, DBT, DCX, IBA57, TSEN54, SLC6A19, NDUFAF2, TMEM107, COX14, VWA3B, TMEM67, TSEN2, MFSD8, NDUFAF6, DKC1, DLAT, DLD, ZNF592, RUBCN, CEP290, KIAA0556, IFT140, TELO2, ADSL, DDHD2, FASTKD2, RPGRIP1L, TBC1D24, CC2D2A, DMXL2, SH3TC2, ROGDI, KIDINS220, ARV1, UQCRQ, DYNC1H1, MTFMT, DNM2, DNMT1, DOCK3, NDUFAF3, PIK3R5, DPM1, POLR3A, ATP13A2, RFT1, SLC52A2, POLR3B, KIF7, PRRT2, SLC46A1, DNAJC19, SEPSECS, TYMP, AFG3L2, EEF2, EGR2, EIF2B1, EIF2B2, EIF2B3, EIF2B4, EIF2B5, ENTPD1, EOMES, COA5, SDHAF1, EPM2A, ERCC3, ERCC4, ERCC5, ERCC6, ERCC8, FKTN, FGF12, FGF14, ISPD, FMR1, FOLR1, FOXG1, FXN, FTL, PET100, ALDH5A1, GABRB3, GALC, B4GALNT1, GAMT, GAN, GBE1, GCH1, GFAP, GJA1, GJB1, GLB1, GCLC, ALS2, GOSR2, SETX, GPI, AMACR, ADGRG1, GRID2, GRM1, GRN, GSS, ABCB7, HARS, HCN1, HERC1, HEXA, HEXB, HIBCH, HLCS, HNRNPH2, HSD17B4, HSPD1, AP1S2, AP4B1, AP4E1, AP4M1, AP4S1, ABCD1, ITM2B, ITPR1, KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNC1, KCNC3, KCND3, KCNJ10, KCNQ2, KIF1C, KIF5A, L1CAM, LAMA1, LARGE1, LIG4, LMNB1, LMNB2, LRP4, MAG, MAPK10, ARL6IP1, MECP2, MKS1, ARSA, MME, MPDU1, MPV17, MPZ, MRE11, ASL, MT-TP, MVK, ASS1, NDUFA1, NDUFA10, NDUFA2, NDUFA9, NDUFB3, NDUFS1, NDUFS2, NDUFS3, NDUFS4, NDUFS6, NDUFS7, NDUFS8, NDUFV1, NDUFV2, NEU1, NF2, ATCAY, NOL3, PNP, NPC1, NPHP1, ATM, ATP1A2, ATP1A3, NT5C2, NUP62, OPA1, OPA3, OPHN1, ATP2B3, OTC, PAX6, PC, ATP7B, PCNA, CHMP1A, PDE6D, PDHA1, PDHB, PDYN, PEX1, PEX10, PEX16, PEX7, KIF1A, PGK1, AUH, PGM3, PHYH, PLA2G6, PLP1, PMM2, PMP22, PNKD, PNKP, POLG, POMT1, CTSA, PPT1, PRF1, PRKCG, DNAJC3, PRNP, PRPS1, HTRA1, PSAP, SLC33A1, PSEN1, PTS, PEX2, ALDH18A1, BCKDHA, BCKDHB, RARS, RELN Specificity 1 % Genes 100 %
Spinocerebellar ataxia 10, AR (SCAR10, sequence analysis of ANO10 gene). By CGC Genetics (Portugal). ANO10 Specificity 100 % Genes 100 %
Hereditary ataxias (NGS panel for 44 genes). By CGC Genetics (Portugal). SACS, SLC1A3, SPTBN2, TTPA, VAMP1, VLDLR, CACNA1A, CACNB4, ELOVL4, ABHD12, APTX, TGM6, COQ8A, SYNE1, TDP1, TTBK2, CCDC88C, ELOVL5, SYT14, PLEKHG4 , (...) View the complete list with 24 more genes Panel complete gene list SACS, SLC1A3, SPTBN2, TTPA, VAMP1, VLDLR, CACNA1A, CACNB4, ELOVL4, ABHD12, APTX, TGM6, COQ8A, SYNE1, TDP1, TTBK2, CCDC88C, ELOVL5, SYT14, PLEKHG4, SIL1, TMEM240, ANO10, MTPAP, ZNF592, DNMT1, PIK3R5, AFG3L2, EEF2, FGF14, FXN, SETX, ABCB7, ITPR1, KCNA1, KCNC3, KCND3, MRE11, MTTP, ATM, PDYN, PNKP, POLG, PRKCG Specificity 3 % Genes 100 %
Autosomal Recessive Spinocerebellar Ataxia-10 via ANO10 Gene Sequencing with CNV Detection. By PreventionGenetics PreventionGenetics (United States). ANO10 Specificity 100 % Genes 100 %
Mental retardation - different panels. By Institute of Human Genetics Uniklinik RWTH Aachen (Germany). RGS7, RIT1, RMRP, BCS1L, RPL10, RPS6KA3, RRAS, SALL1, SC5D, ATXN10, BLM, SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCO2, AIMP1, SDCCAG8, SDHA, SDHB, SGSH , (...) View the complete list with 845 more genes Panel complete gene list RGS7, RIT1, RMRP, BCS1L, RPL10, RPS6KA3, RRAS, SALL1, SC5D, ATXN10, BLM, SCN1A, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCO2, AIMP1, SDCCAG8, SDHA, SDHB, SGSH, SHH, ST3GAL3, ST3GAL5, STIL, SIX3, SKI, SLC12A6, SLC16A2, SLC17A5, SLC1A4, BRAF, SLC25A1, SLC25A15, SLC25A16, SLC2A1, SLC31A1, SLC35A1, SLC35A2, SLC35A3, SLC4A4, SLC6A1, SLC6A3, SLC6A8, SLC9A6, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, SMARCE1, ARID1A, SMC1A, KDM5C, SMPD1, SMS, SNAP29, SIK1, SOS1, SOS2, SOX10, SOX2, SOX3, SOX5, SPG11, SPTAN1, SSR4, STIM1, PLK4, CDKL5, STXBP1, SUOX, SURF1, BUB1B, SYN1, SYNGAP1, SYP, TAF1, TAF2, TAT, TBCE, TBR1, TCF12, TCF20, TCF4, TGFBR1, TGFBR2, TGIF1, TH, THRB, ACO2, TIMM8A, NKX2-1, TSPAN7, ACOX1, MED12, TPI1, TREX1, TRIO, TRIP12, TSC1, TSC2, CEP41, TUBA8, TUBB2A, TUBG1, UBE2A, UBE3A, USP9X, KDM6A, VLDLR, VRK1, WNT1, WWOX, XPA, ZIC2, RNF113A, KAT6A, SCAPER, ZNF711, ZNF81, ACTB, ARL6, FTSJ1, HDAC8, KIF4A, MCOLN1, NSDHL, RLIM, UBE3B, USP27X, ZBTB20, ERLIN2, FBXL4, CTCF, CA2, CA5A, SLC12A5, CA8, CNTNAP2, CACNA1C, CACNA1G, CACNA2D2, HDAC4, FMN2, CCDC78, NSD1, CAD, RAB18, AUTS2, PCDH19, NLGN4X, NLGN3, SHANK3, SHANK2, SCYL1, ACTG1, ELOVL4, TMEM237, MRPS22, ARHGEF9, DEAF1, CAPN10, COG5, ZEB2, PIGT, PPP1R15B, CASK, SNX14, CASP2, MICU1, CBL, SHOC2, MBTPS2, GPHN, ANKH, CBS, PUS1, JAM3, SETBP1, ALG9, LRPPRC, GEMIN4, ADNP, CCNA2, BSCL2, KMT2B, ARFGEF2, PANK2, NDUFAF5, PLCB1, SAMHD1, APTX, MPLKIP, PCNT, SFXN4, TBC1D20, MGME1, DNAJC5, UPB1, TRIM32, NLRP3, RAB39B, FBXO31, TUBGCP4, BCAP31, ZNF423, UBR1, COQ8A, FIG4, HAX1, STAMBP, ZMYND11, SRCAP, CLP1, RAB3GAP1, EXOSC2, ACVR1, CDON, RAB3GAP2, COLEC11, CENPJ, WAC, BRWD3, GMNN, GJC2, CDH15, KAT6B, NDE1, PORCN, ACY1, CDK5, PDSS1, CDK6, AFF4, PGAP2, EXOSC3, CEP83, FKRP, ARID2, ARID1B, ARX, GPT2, SPATA5, TUBGCP6, PHF6, TMCO1, ELP2, PECR, ALG1, ATP6AP2, ASXL1, PRIMA1, SETD2, DEPDC5, ZDHHC9, ATP6V0A2, SPART, RNASEH2A, IER3IP1, CENPE, SLC39A6, COG4, COG6, COG7, COG8, IFT27, RTTN, PMPCA, CDK5RAP2, ASCC3, NAA10, BBS7, POGZ, KCNT1, MMAA, IFIH1, GBA2, ASPM, THOC2, NALCN, POMGNT1, CHD2, FRAS1, DOCK7, ALG12, CHKB, COQ4, CNKSR1, CNKSR2, POMT2, ISCA2, SLC25A22, TECPR2, KIAA0586, CCDC88C, AARS, SNX27, TTC8, CHD8, SLC35C1, B3GLCT, CLCN4, SPRED1, NUBPL, CHAMP1, SMOC1, UBR7, FRY, NDUFA11, UPF3B, MBD5, APOPT1, L2HGDH, ZC3H14, CYP2U1, CHD7, CLIC2, PHF8, TPP1, CLN3, CLN5, ZFYVE26, TUBA1A, CLN6, TUBB4A, CLN8, BCOR, HACE1, SERAC1, FARS2, TBC1D7, RNF125, GTF2H5, RMND1, ANKRD11, DYM, PDHX, ABHD5, INPP5E, ACAD9, AHI1, SATB2, RNASET2, BRAT1, VPS13B, RBM28, COL18A1, KCTD7, COL4A1, COL4A2, COL4A3BP, ADAR, COX10, COX15, GMPPA, GMPPB, MED13L, PEX26, PDSS2, ALG3, SLC13A5, ALG6, ALG2, ALG8, PNPT1, PIGO, ETHE1, ACBD6, CRADD, DOLK, KIF1BP, CREBBP, DHTKD1, PGAP3, MED23, MED17, NDUFA12, APC2, RNASEH2C, PTRH2, POC1A, WDR62, TCTN3, MMACHC, NECAP1, KANSL1, FAM126A, SIL1, EHMT1, FTO, SMC3, RABL6, MFF, MOGS, CEP104, LARP7, VPS37A, ZC4H2, CTDP1, TMEM216, WDR45B, PRMT9, CTNNB1, ADAT3, MMADHC, COQ2, AHDC1, ZCCHC8, CTSD, CTSF, DDX59, KATNAL2, RAB40AL, ARL13B, TANGO2, FRMD4A, ANO10, CCDC88A, DARS2, CUL4B, PRMT7, SETD5, TTC21B, OFD1, RNASEH2B, ADK, PGAP1, LAS1L, TRAPPC11, TCTN2, CPLANE1, SRD5A3, CEP63, MFSD2A, POMGNT2, WDR73, GON4L, TRMT1, PIGG, NSUN2, KRBOX4, PIGV, TCTN1, TMEM135, CSPP1, FAR1, TM4SF20, TTI2, POMK, NARS2, BBS10, HEPACAM, PTCHD1, HGSNAT, UNC80, WDR81, BBS12, DAG1, DARS, C12orf65, CKAP2L, HIKESHI, TMEM138, DBT, METTL23, PARP1, DCX, DDC, ESCO2, DDOST, ACSF3, DDX3X, WDPCP, BBIP1, CCDC28B, CCDC115, ADRA2B, D2HGDH, TMEM67, TRMT10A, MFSD8, DHCR24, B3GALNT2, DHCR7, DHFR, CYB5R3, DIAPH1, MED25, NIPBL, MAGT1, DKC1, CCDC22, WDR45, EMC1, DLD, WASHC5, FRMPD4, SETD1A, KDM6B, DLG3, CEP290, SZT2, ZBTB40, IQSEC2, KIAA0556, KDM1A, CEP135, ADSL, DDHD2, RPGRIP1L, TBC1D24, SHROOM4, CC2D2A, SOBP, DMD, DIP2B, CEP152, ZSWIM6, DMPK, EPG5, KLHL15, ASXL3, ZNF526, EARS2, RSPRY1, CCBE1, NEXMIF, ROGDI, C12orf57, TBL1XR1, DYNC1H1, DNM1, DNM1L, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, DCPS, DPAGT1, BBS9, DPH1, PACS1, DPM1, DPM2, DPM3, POLR3A, DPP6, DPYD, CRBN, ATP13A2, RFT1, CC2D1A, TUSC3, PYCR2, POLR3B, IFT172, KIF7, PRRT2, DNAJC19, STT3B, STRA6, CLPB, TMEM165, GATAD2B, TUBB2B, TRAPPC9, POC1B, EFTUD2, ALG13, HUWE1, DYRK1A, LINS1, SLC6A17, AGA, EEF1A2, EEF1B2, MEGF8, ALG11, AGPAT2, EIF2AK3, EIF2S3, EMX2, ENTPD1, EP300, AHCY, ERCC1, ERCC2, ERCC3, ERCC4, ERCC5, ERCC6, ERCC8, EZH2, ACSL4, FANCD2, FASN, AK1, FKTN, FGD1, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FH, TMEM231, ISPD, FLNA, FMR1, AFF2, FOXG1, FOXP1, AKT3, MTOR, PET100, FUCA1, ALDH3A2, GABRA1, ALDH5A1, GABRB3, GAD1, GALE, B4GALNT1, GALT, GAMT, GATM, GCH1, GCSH, GDI1, GFAP, GK, GLDC, GLI2, GLI3, GNAO1, GNAS, GNPAT, GNS, GPC3, GABBR2, ADGRG1, TECR, GRIA3, GRIK2, GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRM1, GRN, GSS, GTF2E2, GUSB, AMT, HIST3H3, HIST1H4B, HSD17B10, HCCS, HCFC1, HCN1, HERC2, HESX1, ANK3, HLCS, HMGB3, HNRNPK, HOXA1, HPD, HPRT1, HRAS, IDS, IDUA, IGF1, AP1S1, AP1S2, AP3B1, AP4B1, AP4E1, AP4M1, AP4S1, IKBKG, IL1RAPL1, ABCC9, IMPA1, INPP4A, ABCD1, STT3A, ITPA, KATNB1, KCNA2, KCNB1, KCNH1, KCNJ11, KCNJ6, KCNK9, KCNQ2, KCNQ3, KIF2A, KIF5C, KIF11, KPTN, KRAS, L1CAM, LAMA1, LAMA2, LAMB1, LAMC3, LAMP2, LARGE1, COG1, LIG4, LRP2, LZTFL1, LZTR1, MAB21L2, SMAD4, MAF, MAG, ABCD4, MAGEL2, MAN1B1, MAN2B1, MANBA, MAOA, MAP2K1, MAP2K2, ARHGEF6, MASP1, MAT1A, MCCC1, MCCC2, MCPH1, MECP2, MEF2C, MEIS2, MGAT2, MID1, MID2, MKKS, MKS1, KMT2D, MLYCD, MOCS1, MOCS2, MPDU1, MPDZ, MPI, ASAH1, MT-CO1, MT-CO2, MT-CO3, ASL, MT-ND5, MTR, MTRR, MT-TK, MT-TL1, MT-TS1, MT-TV, MMUT, ASNS, MVK, MYCN, ASPA, MYO5A, MYT1L, NAGA, NAGLU, NBN, NDP, NDST1, NDUFA1, NDUFS1, NDUFS2, NDUFS3, NDUFS4, NDUFS7, NDUFS8, NDUFV1, NEU1, NF1, NFIX, NHS, PNP, NPHP1, NR2F1, NRAS, ATP1A2, NRXN1, ATP1A3, NT5C2, NTRK1, OCLN, OCRL, ATP2A2, OPHN1, ORC1, OTX2, ATP6V1B2, PAFAH1B1, PAK3, PAX6, PC, ATP7A, AIFM1, PDE4D, PDE6D, PDHA1, ATR, PEPD, PEX1, PEX10, PEX11B, PEX12, PEX13, PEX6, ATRX, PEX7, KIF1A, PGK1, AUH, PGM1, PGM3, PHGDH, PIGA, PIGN, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, PIK3R2, PLP1, PMM2, PNKP, POMT1, B4GALT1, PPOX, B4GALT7, PPP2R1A, PPP2R5D, PPT1, PQBP1, PRKCG, PRKRA, PRODH, PRPS1, PRSS12, SLC33A1, PTCH1, PTDSS1, PTEN, PTPN11, BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, BBS5, PURA, NECTIN1, PEX5, PYCR1, ALDH18A1, QARS, RAB27A, RAD21, RAF1, RAI1, RALGDS, BCKDHA, RARB, BCKDHB, RASA2, KDM5A, RBBP8, RELN Specificity 1 % Genes 100 %

You can get up to 17 more panels with our dedicated tool

Learn more

Sources and references

You can check the following sources for additional information.

OMIM ORPHANET Genetic Syndrome Finder

If you liked this article maybe you will also find interesting the following in-depth articles about other rare diseases, like VENOUS MALFORMATIONS, MULTIPLE CUTANEOUS AND MUCOSAL; VMCM