Schizophrenia; Sczd

Description

Schizophrenia is a psychosis, a disorder of thought and sense of self. Although it affects emotions, it is distinguished from mood disorders in which such disturbances are primary. Similarly, there may be mild impairment of cognitive function, and it is distinguished from the dementias in which disturbed cognitive function is considered primary. There is no characteristic pathology, such as neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer disease (OMIM ). Schizophrenia is a common disorder with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 1%. It is highly heritable but the genetics are complex. This may not be a single entity.Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (see {125480}) are generally considered to be separate entities, but patients who exhibit multiple symptoms of both disorders are often given the hybrid diagnosis schizoaffective disorder (Blacker and Tsuang, 1992). Genetic Heterogeneity of Schizophrenia with or without an Affective DisorderSCZD4 (OMIM ) is associated with variation in the PRODH gene (OMIM ); SCZD9 (OMIM ) with variation in the DISC1 gene (OMIM ); SCZD15 (OMIM ) with variation in the SHANK3 gene (OMIM ); SCZD16 (OMIM ) with a chromosome duplication involving the VIPR2 gene (OMIM ); SCZD17 (see {614332}) with variation in the NRXN1 gene (OMIM ); SCZD18 (OMIM ) with variation in the SLC1A1 gene (OMIM ); and SCZD19 (OMIM ) with variation in the RBM12 gene (OMIM ).For associations pending confirmation, see MAPPING and MOLECULAR GENETICS.

Clinical Features

• Intellectual disability
• Microcephaly
• Behavioral abnormality
• Depressivity
• Dementia
• Autism
• EEG abnormality
• Rigidity
• Anxiety
• Small for gestational age

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