Epilepsy, Focal, With Speech Disorder And With Or Without Mental Retardation; Fesd

Description

Focal epilepsy with speech disorder is a childhood-onset seizure disorder with a highly variable phenotype. Seizures typically occur in the temporal lobe, or rolandic brain region, which affects speech and language, and electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristically shows centrotemporal spike-wave discharges. EEG abnormalities often occur during sleep and may manifest as continuous spike-wave discharges during slow-wave sleep (CSWS or CSWSS). FESD represents an electroclinical spectrum that ranges from severe early-onset seizures associated with delayed psychomotor development, persistent speech difficulties, and mental retardation to a more benign entity characterized by childhood onset of mild or asymptomatic seizures associated with transient speech difficulties followed by remission of seizures in adolescence and normal psychomotor development. There is incomplete penetrance and intrafamilial variability, even among family members who carry the same GRIN2A mutation (summary by Lesca et al., 2013; Lemke et al., 2013; Carvill et al., 2013).The disorder represented here encompasses several clinical entities, including Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS), epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spike and wave during slow-wave sleep (ECSWS; CSWSS), autosomal dominant rolandic epilepsy, mental retardation, and speech dyspraxia (ADRESD; RESDAD), and benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS; see {117100}). LKS is classically described as a childhood-onset variant of epileptic aphasia. It is associated with EEG abnormalities occurring in the temporal lobe of the language-dominant hemisphere, even in the absence of overt clinical seizures. LKS is sometimes referred to as an 'acquired aphasia' because most affected children show normal psychomotor development until the onset of seizures, usually between 3 and 7 years, although some may have prior delayed development. A hallmark of the disorder is severe impairment in auditory language comprehension and speech. Some patients may also have persistent intellectual disability or behavioral abnormalities reminiscent of autism or attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. EEG abnormalities typically include centrotemporal spikes suggestive of rolandic epilepsy or continuous spike and waves during slow-wave sleep. The presence of CSWS is associated with more widespread behavioral and cognitive regression than LKS, although the 2 disorders may be considered part of a spectrum. There is controversy about the precise definition of LKS and its relationship to CSWS that stems mainly from the phenotypic heterogeneity of the disorder (summary by Stefanatos, 2011).

Clinical Features

Top most frequent phenotypes and symptoms related to Epilepsy, Focal, With Speech Disorder And With Or Without Mental Retardation; Fesd

  • Intellectual disability
  • Seizures
  • Global developmental delay
  • Generalized hypotonia
  • Microcephaly
  • Ataxia
  • Abnormal facial shape
  • Cognitive impairment
  • Delayed speech and language development
  • Dysarthria

And another 33 symptoms. If you need more information about this disease we can help you.

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Incidence and onset information

— Currently we don't have prevalence information about this disease (Not enough data available about incidence and published cases.)
No data available about the known clinical features onset.

Alternative names

Epilepsy, Focal, With Speech Disorder And With Or Without Mental Retardation; Fesd Is also known as aphasia, acquired, with epilepsy.

Researches and researchers

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Epilepsy, Focal, With Speech Disorder And With Or Without Mental Retardation; Fesd Recommended genes panels

Panel Name, Specifity and genes Tested/covered
Epilepsy Advanced Sequencing and CNV Evaluation - Generalized, Absence, Focal,Febrile and Myoclonic Epilepsies.

By Athena Diagnostics Inc (United States).

SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN3A, SCN5A, SCN9A, ST3GAL5, SLC2A1, SLC35A2, SLC6A1, SLC6A8, SUCLA2, SYNJ1, SLC4A10, CACNA1A, CACNA1H, CACNB4, PCDH19, SLC25A19, CASR , (...)

View the complete list with 64 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Epilepsy Advanced Sequencing and CNV Evaluation.

By Athena Diagnostics Inc (United States).

SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN3A, SCN5A, SCN8A, SCN9A, SHH, ST3GAL3, ST3GAL5, STIL, SIX3, SLC2A1, SLC35A2, SLC6A1, SLC6A8, SLC9A6, SMC1A, KDM5C, SMS , (...)

View the complete list with 214 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Epilepsy Advanced Sequencing and CNV Evaluation-Epileptic Encephalopathy.

By Athena Diagnostics Inc (United States).

SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCN9A, ST3GAL5, SLC2A1, SLC35A2, SLC9A6, SIK1, SPTAN1, CDKL5, STXBP1, SYNGAP1, TCF4, TREX1, UBE3A, WWOX, CNTNAP2, CACNA2D1 , (...)

View the complete list with 47 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Epilepsy Advanced Sequencing and CNV Evaluation - Infantile Spasms.

By Athena Diagnostics Inc (United States).

SCN2A, ST3GAL3, SLC35A2, SPTAN1, CDKL5, STXBP1, CACNA2D1, ARX, SLC25A22, ADSL, TBL1XR1, FOXG1, GABRB3, GRIN2A, MEF2C, NR2F1
Specificity
7 %
Genes
100 %
NGS Epilepsy/Seizure Panel.

By Greenwood Genetic Center Diagnostic Laboratories Greenwood Genetic Center (United States).

SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN5A, SCN8A, SCN9A, SHH, ST3GAL3, ST3GAL5, STIL, SIX3, SLC2A1, SLC35A2, SLC9A6, SNAP25, SPTAN1, CDKL5, STXBP1, SYN1, SYNGAP1 , (...)

View the complete list with 124 more genes
Specificity
1 %
Genes
100 %
Autism Spectrum Disorders 53-Gene Panel.

By Center for Human Genetics, Inc (United States).

RPL10, SYN1, SYNGAP1, TSPAN7, PCDH10, CNTNAP2, SH3KBP1, CACNA1H, PCDH19, NLGN4X, NLGN3, NLGN1, SHANK3, SHANK2, WNK3, DIAPH3, RAB39B, NOS1AP, ASTN2, CNTNAP5 , (...)

View the complete list with 32 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %
Childhood Epilepsy.

By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University (United States).

SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SLC2A1, SLC9A6, CDKL5, SYN1, UBE3A, CNTNAP2, CACNB4, ZEB2, EFHC1, PRICKLE1, MAGI2, CHRNA2, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, MBD5, TPP1, CLN3 , (...)

View the complete list with 27 more genes
Specificity
3 %
Genes
100 %
Epilepsy/Seizure.

By Knight Diagnostic Laboratories - Molecular Diagnostic Center Oregon Health & Science University (United States).

SCN1A, SCN1B, SCN2A, SCN8A, SCN9A, SLC2A1, SLC6A8, SLC9A6, BTD, SPTAN1, CDKL5, STXBP1, SYN1, TSC1, TSC2, UBE3A, CNTNAP2, CACNA1A, CACNB4, ARHGEF9 , (...)

View the complete list with 78 more genes
Specificity
2 %
Genes
100 %

You can get up to 69 more panels with our dedicated tool

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Sources and references

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OMIM Genetic Syndrome Finder

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