Bartter Syndrome, Type 1, Antenatal; Barts1

Description

Bartter syndrome refers to a group of disorders that are unified by autosomal recessive transmission of impaired salt reabsorption in the thick ascending loop of Henle with pronounced salt wasting, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, and hypercalciuria. Clinical disease results from defective renal reabsorption of sodium chloride in the thick ascending limb (TAL) of the Henle loop, where 30% of filtered salt is normally reabsorbed (Simon et al., 1997).Patients with antenatal forms of Bartter syndrome typically present with premature birth associated with polyhydramnios and low birth weight and may develop life-threatening dehydration in the neonatal period. Patients with classic Bartter syndrome (see BARTS3, {607364}) present later in life and may be sporadically asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (summary by Simon et al., 1996 and Fremont and Chan, 2012).For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Bartter syndrome, see {607364}.

Clinical Features

• Intellectual disability
• Seizures
• Global developmental delay
• Short stature
• Generalized hypotonia
• Hearing impairment
• Failure to thrive
• Strabismus
• Sensorineural hearing impairment
• Abnormal facial shape

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